This document outlines procedures for determining the number and location of traverse points when measuring gas velocity or extracting samples from ducts. It provides guidelines for circular ducts, including formulas for calculating the number of points based on duct diameter and the location of each point. For rectangular ducts it provides a formula for calculating an equivalent diameter to determine the number of points from the circular duct table, and describes dividing the cross-section into elemental areas to locate points at the centroid of each area.
This document outlines procedures for determining the number and location of traverse points when measuring gas velocity or extracting samples from ducts. It provides guidelines for circular ducts, including formulas for calculating the number of points based on duct diameter and the location of each point. For rectangular ducts it provides a formula for calculating an equivalent diameter to determine the number of points from the circular duct table, and describes dividing the cross-section into elemental areas to locate points at the centroid of each area.
This document outlines procedures for determining the number and location of traverse points when measuring gas velocity or extracting samples from ducts. It provides guidelines for circular ducts, including formulas for calculating the number of points based on duct diameter and the location of each point. For rectangular ducts it provides a formula for calculating an equivalent diameter to determine the number of points from the circular duct table, and describes dividing the cross-section into elemental areas to locate points at the centroid of each area.
This document outlines procedures for determining the number and location of traverse points when measuring gas velocity or extracting samples from ducts. It provides guidelines for circular ducts, including formulas for calculating the number of points based on duct diameter and the location of each point. For rectangular ducts it provides a formula for calculating an equivalent diameter to determine the number of points from the circular duct table, and describes dividing the cross-section into elemental areas to locate points at the centroid of each area.
1. APPLICABILITY 1.1. This procedure is used to determine the number and location of traverse points required when determining duct gas velocity or extracting a sample from a type A sample point.
2. PRINCIPLE 2.1. Depending on the duct geometry, a cross-section of the duct perpendicular to the gas flow is divided into specified number of equal area. Each traverse point is then located at predetermined points in each area.
3. CALCULATIONS 3.1. For circular ducts, the following guidelines for the number of traverse points shall be followed: Table 3.1
3.2. For circular ducts, the following formula shall be used to determine the location of each traverse point: r | = _ (| . 5)D 2 4n
Where: r | = uistance to the i th tiaveise point on iauius fiom the centei | = i th tiaveise point on iauius n = total numbei of tiaveise point on a iauius D = insiue uiametei of the uuct
3.3. For rectangular duct, the following formula shall be used to determine the equivalent diameter of the duct:
The number of traverse points is then determined from Table 3.1 using the equivalent diameter.
Duct Diameter, inches
Number of Traverse Points D < 12 4 13 < D < 20 6 14 < D < 20 8 15 < D < 20 10 D > 48 12 3.4. For rectangular ducts, divide the cross section into elemental areas such that the ratio of the length to width of the elemental areas is between one and two. Locate the traverse points at the centroid of each elemental area.
3.5. No traverse point shall be located within one inch of the stack wall.
20409: Optimal Design of Cooling Towers Eusiel Rubio-Castro1, Medardo Serna-González1, José M. Ponce-Ortega1 and Arturo Jiménez-Gutiérrez2 1Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, 2Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Celaya, Guanajuato, México