Appendix MB

Bridge Design Manual - 2002
Appendix MB
Masonry Bridge Design
APPENDIX MB - MASONRY BRIDGE, 12 M SPAN, 7.32 M WIDTH

The following calculations is an example of a documentation for a masonry bridge with a
span of 12 and a width of 7.32m. The principle dimensions of the bridge are shown in the
figures below:
Two design conditions are checked:
Strength I
Service I
Ethiopian Roads Authority
Page MB-1
Appendix MB
MB.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

The calculations are based on:
ERA BRIDGE DESIGN MANUAL-2002
Material Sandstone
E- modulus:
Fc:
Density:
10 000 Mpa
35 Mpa
s = 2725 kg/m3
Table 7-2
Table 7-2
Table 3-4 (Stone Masonry)
MB.2 COMPUTER PROGRAMS

Following PC-programs have been used:
EXCEL
Strip-step2
Page MB-2
Appendix MB
MB.3 STRUCTURAL CROSS SECTION

MB.3.1 Input Dimensions
L= 12
r1= 4,25
r2= 7,75
eh= 1,75
ev= 3,031
Zfilling= 1,5
Ztop= 7,1
m
m
Span opening
intenal arc
intenal arc
m
m
m
m
dt= 0,85
da= 2,05
rEA= r2+dt
thickness at crown (top)
thickness at abutment
External Arc
Z
dt
Node 9
Zfilling
External Arc
Node 7
Centre of Gravity
Ztop
r2
r1
Node 1
30o
60o
da
Internal Arc
Y
ev
1
eh
L
1= 20.6
2= 39.4
Page MB-3
Appendix MB
Node
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Page MB-4
Internal Arc
YIA
ZIA
6
0
5.935
0.738
5.744
1.454
5.431
2.125
5.006
2.732
4.482
3.256
3.875
3.681
2.006
4.455
0.000
4.719
External Arc
YEA
ZEA
8.048
0.000
7.649
0.900
7.150
1.748
6.557
2.533
5.878
3.246
5.123
3.877
4.300
4.417
2.226
5.276
0.000
5.57
Center of Gravity
YCG
YCG
7.024
0.000
6.792
0.819
6.447
1.601
5.994
2.329
5.442
2.989
4.802
3.566
4.088
4.049
2.116
4.865
0.000
5.144
Appendix MB
MB.4 LOADING
MB.4.1 Dead load - DC
qEH= k0*SS*(Ztop-ZCG)
qEV= RG*(Ztop-ZEA)
Vertical Earthfill
qDC= SM*d
Dead Load of Stone Masonry
k0= 0,45
LS = 18
RG = 22,5
SM = 27,3
h=
3
I = d /12
Node
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Horizontal Earth Pressure
XCG
[m]
7,024
6,792
6,447
5,994
5,442
4,802
4,088
2,116
0,000
-2,116
-4,088
-4,802
-5,442
-5,994
-6,447
-6,792
-7,024
Loose Sand
Table 3-22
kN/m3
Loose Sand
Table 3-4
kN/m3
Rolled Gravel
Table 3-4
kN/m3
Stone Masonry (Sandstone)

thickness
Table 3-4
for OCR=1
m4/m
ZCG
qEV
qEH
[m]
0,000
0,819
1,601
2,329
2,989
3,566
4,049
4,865
5,144
4,865
4,049
3,566
2,989
2,329
1,601
0,819
0,000
[kN /m]
159
139
120
102
86
72
60
40
34
40
60
72
86
102
120
139
159
[kN /m]
57
51
44
38
33
28
24
18
16
-18
-24
-28
-33
-38
-44
-51
-57
[m]
2,05
1,72
1,44
1,20
1,01
0,89
0,85
0,85
[m /m]
0,716
0,425
0,247
0,143
0,087
0,059
0,051
0,051
0,85
0,85
0,89
1,01
1,20
1,44
1,72
2,05
0,051
0,051
0,059
0,087
0,143
0,247
0,425
0,716
Page MB-5
Appendix MB
MB.4.2 Surcharge Load - LS
PLS= k0*SS*heq
heq = 1,7
heq = 0,76
when wall height < 1.5 m
< 6.0 m
Table 3-25
PLS,t
1,5
PLS,b
The surcharge load from highway loading may be taken as given in Table 3-25
Let PLS,t (earth loading on the upper surface) and PLS,b (earth loading on the bottom)
be the earth pressure from the surcharge and linearly varying load
PLS,t= 13,8
PLS,b= 9,4
Node
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Page MB-6
kN/m2
kN/m2
ZCG
PLS
[m]
0,000
0,819
1,601
2,329
2,989
3,566
4,049
4,865
5,144
4,865
4,049
3,566
2,989
2,329
1,601
0,819
0,000
[kN2/m]
9,4
10,1
10,7
11,2
11,8
12,2
12,6
13,2
13,4
-13,2
-12,6
-12,2
-11,8
-11,2
-10,7
-10,1
-9,4
Appendix MB
MB.4.3 Live Load
MB.4.3.1 Lane Load - LL subsection 3.8

qLL = 9,3
kN/m
W= 8,12
m
qLL = 9.3*2/W = 2,3
MB.4.3.2 Design Truck
kN/m2
Uniformly Lane Load/traffic lane

Total witdth of superstructure
Uniformly Lane Load/m
(traffic lane = 3.0 m)

(2 traffic lanes)
subsection 3.8
4.3 m
4.3 to 9.0 m
PTruck1
PTruck2
PTruck2
Zfilling
lTruck
= 1,33
lTire = 0,2
Zfilling= 1,5
PTruck1 = 35
PTruck2 = 145
The Dynamic Factor Table 3-8

According to subsection 3.9: Tire Contract Area
m
kN
kN
PTruck1 = 2*35* /(lTire+2*Zfilling)/W
3,6
kN/m2
PTruck2 = 2*145* /(lTire+2*Zfilling)/W
14,8
kN/m2
lTruck= 3,2
Page MB-7
Appendix MB
MB.4.3.3 Design Tandemsection 3.8: Design Tandem

1.2 m
PTandem
PTandem
Zfilling
lTandem
= 1,33
lTire = 0,2
Zfilling= 1,5
The Dynamic Factor

According to section 3.9: Tire Contact Area
PTandem = 110
kN
PTandem = 4*110* /(1.2+W Tire+2*Zfilling)/W=
lTandem= 4,4
Page MB-8
16,4
kN/m2
Appendix MB
MB.5. LOAD COMBINATIONS
qDC
Table 3-22
Load Case
LC-ASLS
LC-ASI
At Strength limit state
Max
Min
At Service I
1,25
0,9
1,0
qEH
1,35
0,9
1,0
qEV
1,25
0,9
1,0
PLS
1,75
1,0
qLL
1,75
1,0
PTruck
1,75
1,0
PTandem
1,75
1,0
Page MB-9
Appendix MB
MB.6. CONTROL OF COMPRESSION LINE AND EDGE PRESSURE

-The compression line shall be within the core limit at 3 point, when the eccentricity
e=M/N < d/6 : both the abutment and the crown
The calculation of the forces in the bridge is made with the computer program
Strip-Step2
positive direction
Legend
M
N
M
Q
Node
Q
Node i+1
i Is the first node of the beam.

i+1 Is the second node of the beam.
M
N
Q
the beam bending moment per unit of length in the local Y-direction
the beam nomal force per unit of area in the local Y-direction
the beam transverse force per unit of area in the local Y-direction
-The edge pressure edge < fcall edge
edge= N/d+(-)M*6/d2
Page MB-10
fcall edge = 0.14*fc
Mpa
Table 7-2
fc = 35
fcall edge = 4,9
Mpa
Table 7-2 (Sandstone)
Mpa
Appendix MB

MB.6.1 Load case - DC Dead Load of Stone Masonry
Node
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
d/6
[kNm/m]
92
35
35
-3
-3
-24
-24
-33
-33
-32
-32
-23
-23
7
7
19
[kN/m]
-308
-266
-273
-240
-244
-218
-220
-201
-201
-186
-185
-174
-170
-151
-148
-142
[m]
2,05
2,048
1,72
1,721
1,44
1,437
1,20
1,20
1,01
1,01
0,89
0,89
0,85
0,85
0,85
0,85
[m]
0,341
0,341
0,287
0,287
0,239
0,239
0,200
0,200
0,169
0,169
0,149
0,149
0,142
0,142
0,142
0,142
[m]
0,299
0,132
0,128
0,013
0,012
0,110
0,109
0,164
0,164
0,172
0,173
0,132
0,135
0,046
0,047
0,134
edge,max edge,min
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
[MN/m2]
-0,02
-0,08
-0,09
-0,15
-0,18
-0,22
-0,28
-0,31
-0,39
-0,37
-0,45
-0,37
-0,39
-0,12
-0,12
-0,01
[MN/m2]
-0,28
-0,18
-0,23
-0,13
-0,16
-0,08
-0,08
-0,03
-0,01
0,00
0,03
-0,02
-0,01
-0,24
-0,23
-0,32
Page MB-11
Appendix MB
MB.6.2 Load case LC-ASAt Strength limit sate
Node
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
Node
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
Page MB-12
M-min
d/6
[kNm/m]
310
141
141
36
36
-15
-15
-20
-20
-2
-2
23
23
65
65
76
[kN/m]
-961
-881
-904
-669
-681
-597
-600
-551
-549
-516
-512
-518
-508
-584
-580
-589
[m]
2,05
2,05
1,72
1,72
1,44
1,44
1,20
1,20
1,01
1,01
0,89
0,89
0,85
0,85
0,85
0,85
[m]
0,341
0,341
0,287
0,287
0,239
0,239
0,200
0,200
0,169
0,169
0,149
0,149
0,142
0,142
0,142
0,142
[m]
0,323
0,160
0,156
0,054
0,053
0,025
0,025
0,036
0,036
0,004
0,004
0,044
0,045
0,111
0,112
0,129
M-max
d/6
[kNm/m]
-266
-224
-224
-186
-186
-157
-157
-141
-141
-118
-118
-91
-91
-40
-40
-25
[kN/m]
-812
-763
-755
-871
-866
-840
-838
-789
-786
-743
-739
-691
-679
-539
-537
-508
[m]
2,05
2,05
1,72
1,72
1,44
1,44
1,20
1,20
1,01
1,01
0,89
0,89
0,85
0,85
0,85
0,85
[m]
0,341
0,341
0,287
0,287
0,239
0,239
0,200
0,200
0,169
0,169
0,149
0,149
0,142
0,142
0,142
0,142
[m]
0,328
0,294
0,297
0,214
0,215
0,187
0,187
0,179
0,179
0,159
0,160
0,132
0,134
0,074
0,074
0,049
edge,max edge,min
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
[MN/m2]
-0,03
-0,23
-0,24
-0,32
-0,37
-0,46
-0,56
-0,54
-0,66
-0,52
-0,59
-0,41
-0,41
-0,15
-0,14
-0,06
[MN/m2]
-0,91
-0,63
-0,81
-0,46
-0,58
-0,37
-0,44
-0,38
-0,43
-0,50
-0,56
-0,75
-0,79
-1,23
-1,22
-1,32
edge,max edge,min
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
[MN/m2]
-0,78
-0,69
-0,89
-0,88
-1,14
-1,04
-1,36
-1,25
-1,60
-1,42
-1,72
-1,46
-1,55
-0,97
-0,96
-0,81
[MN/m2]
-0,02
-0,05
0,01
-0,13
-0,06
-0,13
-0,04
-0,07
0,05
-0,04
0,06
-0,09
-0,04
-0,30
-0,30
-0,39
Appendix MB

MB.6.3 Load case LC-ASAt Service I
Node
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
Node
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
M-min
d/6
[kNm/m]
171
65
65
-5
-5
-44
-44
-49
-49
-33
-33
-7
-7
39
39
49
[kN/m]
-823
-755
-769
-704
-713
-644
-646
-593
-592
-552
-548
-535
-525
-500
-497
-498
[m]
2,05
2,05
1,72
1,72
1,44
1,44
1,20
1,20
1,01
1,01
0,89
0,89
0,85
0,85
0,85
0,85
[m]
0,341
0,341
0,287
0,287
0,239
0,239
0,200
0,200
0,169
0,169
0,149
0,149
0,142
0,142
0,142
0,142
[m]
0,208
0,086
0,085
0,007
0,007
0,068
0,068
0,083
0,083
0,060
0,060
0,013
0,013
0,078
0,078
0,098
M-max
d/6
[kNm/m]
-80
-113
-113
-121
-121
-112
-112
-101
-101
-85
-85
-63
-63
-16
-16
0
[kN/m]
-852
-790
-793
-736
-736
-695
-694
-653
-650
-615
-612
-577
-567
-519
-516
-492
[m]
2,05
2,05
1,72
1,72
1,44
1,44
1,20
1,20
1,01
1,01
0,89
0,89
0,85
0,85
0,85
0,85
[m]
0,341
0,341
0,287
0,287
0,239
0,239
0,200
0,200
0,169
0,169
0,149
0,149
0,142
0,142
0,142
0,142
[m]
0,094
0,143
0,142
0,164
0,164
0,161
0,161
0,155
0,155
0,138
0,139
0,109
0,111
0,031
0,031
0,000
edge,max edge,min
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
[MN/m2]
-0,16
-0,28
-0,32
-0,42
-0,51
-0,58
-0,72
-0,70
-0,87
-0,74
-0,86
-0,65
-0,68
-0,26
-0,26
-0,18
[MN/m2]
-0,65
-0,46
-0,58
-0,40
-0,48
-0,32
-0,36
-0,29
-0,30
-0,35
-0,37
-0,55
-0,56
-0,91
-0,91
-0,99
edge,max edge,min
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
[MN/m2]
-0,53
-0,55
-0,69
-0,67
-0,86
-0,81
-1,05
-0,97
-1,23
-1,10
-1,33
-1,12
-1,19
-0,74
-0,74
-0,58
[MN/m2]
-0,30
-0,22
-0,23
-0,18
-0,16
-0,16
-0,11
-0,12
-0,05
-0,11
-0,05
-0,17
-0,14
-0,48
-0,47
-0,58
Page MB-13
Appendix MB
MB.7
APPENDIX A- CALCULATIONS BY STRIP-STEP2
Page MB-14
Appendix MB
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
STEP 2 PC-02-920901 Bridge Manual Ethiopia
CONSTRUCTION TYPE FRAME
Masonry bridge 12 m length
ECHOPRINT
BROKONSULT AB TEL 08/6309700 FAX 7326385
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
PAGE
1
:
:
PAGE
2
:
:
0
0U N I T S :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0EXCEPTIONS
0
SI-SYSTEM
LENGTH
ANGLES
LOADS, FORCES
STRESSES, MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
MASSES
TEMPERATURES
FREQUENCES
METER
RADIAN
KILONEWTON
MEGAPASCAL
TONS
KELVIN
HERTZ
FROM THESE STANDARD-UNITS ARE:

ANGLES IN SYSTEM OF GEOMETRY AND
ROTATIONS IN DEFORMATION RESULTS
DISPLACEMENTS IN DEFORMATION RESULTS
0
1
NORDCAD AB
DEGREES (360)
MILLIMETER
S T R I P
ECHOPRINT
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
0
M A T E R I A L
C O N S T A N T S
I
K
I
E0
I G0/E0 I DENSITY I OMEGA T I EPSILON I
PHI- I
I
I
I
I
I *100000 I *100000 I CREEP I
I---------I---------I---------I---------I---------I---------I---------I
1000
33000
.400
1.000
0
E L E M E N T
T Y P E S
I TYPE I WORK I
E
I DEN- I CREEP I
R
I CROSS I
F
I
D
I
H
I
K*I
I
K*A
I
K*AQ I
I
I
I
G
I SITY I IND I
I SECTN I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I------I--------I--------I-------I-------I-------I-------I-------I-------I-------I---------I---------I---------I
102
N
BEAM
33000
13200
.000
1.000
2.050
1.720
716.000
425.000
2050.000
1720.000
203
N
BEAM
33000
13200
.000
1.000
1.720
1.440
425.000
247.000
1720.000
1440.000
304
N
BEAM
33000
13200
.000
1.000
1.440
1.200
247.000
143.000
1440.000
1200.000
405
N
BEAM
33000
13200
.000
1.000
1.200
1.010
143.000
87.000
1200.000
1010.000
506
N
BEAM
33000
13200
.000
1.000
1.010
.890
87.000
59.000
1010.000
890.000
607
N
BEAM
33000
13200
.000
1.000
.890
.850
59.000
51.000
890.000
850.000
708
N
BEAM
33000
13200
.000
1.000
.850
.850
51.000
51.000
850.000
850.000
809
N
BEAM
33000
13200
.000
1.000
.850
.850
51.000
51.000
850.000
850.000
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
ECHOPRINT
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
PAGE
3
:
:
0
G E O M E T R Y
O F
T O T A L
S Y S T E M
I JOINT I
Y
I
Z
I DELTA Y I DELTA Z I HINGE I
ALFA I ELEMENT I JOINT I
I BEGIN I
I
I
I
I REACT. I
I
TYPE I
END I
I--------I---------I---------I---------I---------I---------I---------I---------I--------I
Page MB-15
Appendix MB
1
-7.024
.000
102
FIXED
2
-6.792
.819
203
-6.447
1.601
304
-5.994
2.329
405
-5.442
2.989
506
-4.802
3.566
607
-4.088
4.049
708
-2.116
4.865
809
.000
5.144
-809
10
10
2.116
4.865
-708
11
11
4.088
4.049
-607
12
12
4.802
3.566
-506
13
13
5.442
2.989
-405
14
14
5.994
2.329
-304
15
15
6.447
1.601
-203
16
16
6.792
.819
-102
17
17
7.024
.000
102
16
FIXED
1
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
ECHOPRINT
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
PAGE
4
:
:
PAGE
5
:
:
0
S T A N D A R D
L O A D C A S E S
I LOADCASE I J O I N T I
R
I
W
I LOAD- I
P-Y
I
P-Z
I
M
I
I NAME
I BEGIN-END I
I
I TYPE I
I
I
I
I----------I-------------I-------I-------I-------I---------I---------I---------I
qdd
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
6-7
7-8
8-9
9-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
13-14
14-15
15-16
16-17
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
-2.05
-1.72
-1.72
-1.44
-1.44
-1.20
-1.20
-1.01
-1.01
-.89
-.89
-.85
-.85
-.85
-.85
-.85
-.85
-.85
-.85
-.85
-.85
-.89
-.89
-1.01
-1.01
-1.20
-1.20
-1.44
-1.44
-1.72
-1.72
-2.05
NORDCAD AB
Page MB-16
S T R I P
ECHOPRINT
Appendix MB

0
PROJECT IDENT
Pro.nr 98034
CONSTR.IDENT
B.M. Ethiopia
NO
DATE
991116
0
S T A N D A R D
L O A D C A S E S
(CONT.)
R
I
W
I LOAD- I
P-Y
I
P-Z
I
M
I
I NAME
I BEGIN-END I
I
I TYPE I
I
I
I
I----------I-------------I-------I-------I-------I---------I---------I---------I
qev
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
6-7
7-8
8-9
9-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
13-14
14-15
15-16
16-17
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
-43.34
-37.88
-56.11
-48.44
-63.40
-53.89
-65.44
-55.17
-63.87
-53.48
-59.64
-49.70
-55.44
-36.96
-39.66
-33.71
-33.71
-39.66
-36.96
-55.44
-49.70
-59.64
-53.48
-63.87
-55.17
-65.44
-53.89
-63.40
-48.44
-56.11
-37.88
-43.34
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
ECHOPRINT
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
PAGE
6
:
:
0
S T A N D A R D
L O A D C A S E S
(CONT.)
R
I
W
I LOAD- I
P-Y
I
P-Z
I
M
I
I NAME
I BEGIN-END I
I
I TYPE I
I
I
I
I----------I-------------I-------I-------I-------I---------I---------I---------I
qeh
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
6-7
7-8
8-9
9-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
13-14
14-15
15-16
16-17
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
54.84
49.07
46.66
40.26
37.36
32.26
29.15
25.31
22.10
18.75
15.69
13.45
9.18
6.88
2.35
2.09
-2.09
-2.35
-6.88
-9.18
-13.45
-15.69
-18.75
-22.10
-25.31
-29.15
-32.26
-37.36
-40.26
-46.66
-49.07
-54.84
Page MB-17
Appendix MB
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
ECHOPRINT
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
PAGE
7
:
:
PAGE
8
:
:
0
S T A N D A R D
L O A D C A S E S
(CONT.)
R
I
W
I LOAD- I
P-Y
I
P-Z
I
M
I
I NAME
I BEGIN-END I
I
I TYPE I
I
I
I
I----------I-------------I-------I-------I-------I---------I---------I---------I
dpls
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
6-7
7-8
8-9
9-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
13-14
14-15
15-16
16-17
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
.000
1.000
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
DISTR
9.04
9.72
9.24
9.79
9.08
9.51
8.59
9.05
7.90
8.17
6.84
7.06
4.82
5.05
1.73
1.75
-1.75
-1.73
-5.05
-4.82
-7.06
-6.84
-8.17
-7.90
-9.05
-8.59
-9.51
-9.08
-9.79
-9.24
-9.72
-9.04
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
ECHOPRINT
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
0
T R A C K S
I NAME I J O I N T I
H-W
I TRACK WIDTH AT
I
I
I BEGIN-END I
I BEGIN I
END
I
I------I-------------I---------I---------I---------I
FB
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
6-7
7-8
8-9
9-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
13-14
14-15
15-16
16-17
0
T R A F F I C
L O A D
E L E M E N T S
I LOAD
I
S
I
POINTLOAD
I
UNIFORM LOAD
I
IND
I
I ELEMENT I
I P-LOAD I P-UNL. I P-LOAD I P-UNL. I
I
I----------I---------I---------I---------I---------I---------I---------I
qLL
p-truck11
Page MB-18
.000
3.200
3.200
4.300
2.30
.00
3.60
3.60
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
Appendix MB
p-truck21
4.300
7.500
7.500
8.600
14.80
14.80
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.000
3.200
3.200
4.300
14.80
14.80
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
ECHOPRINT
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
PAGE
9
:
:
PAGE
10
:
:
0
T R A F F I C
L O A D
E L E M E N T S
(CONT.)
I LOAD
I
S
I
POINTLOAD
I
UNIFORM LOAD
I
IND
I
I ELEMENT I
I P-LOAD I P-UNL. I P-LOAD I P-UNL. I
I
I----------I---------I---------I---------I---------I---------I---------I
p-truck31
.000
3.200
3.200
4.300
4.300
7.500
14.80
14.80
.00
.00
3.60
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
p-tandem
.000
4.400
16.40
.00
0
T R A F F I C
L O A D C A S E S
I LOADCASE I
DECELERATION
I TRACK I DYNAMIC I
L O A D
E L E M E N T
I
I NAME
I PART OF VERTI EXCENTR I NAME
I
FACTOR I
NAME
I
NAME
I
NAME
I
I----------I-------------I---------I---------I-----------I----------I----------I----------I
qLL
FB
qLL
p-truck1
FB
p-truck11
FREE
p-truck21
p-truck2
FB
p-truck21
FREE
p-truck31
p-tandem
FB
p-tandem
0
L O A D
C O M B I N A T I O N S
I LOADCOMBINATION I
- L O A D C A S E I STRESS I
KI
I NAME
I ART I NAME
I TYPE I FACTOR I ALTER I IND
I CREEP I
I----------I------I----------I--------I--------I--------I--------I--------I
qdc
qdd
DEAD
27.300
qev
qev
DEAD
1.000
qeh
qeh
DEAD
1.000
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
ECHOPRINT
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
0
L O A D
(CONT.)
I LOADCOMBINATION I
KI
I NAME
I ART I NAME
I CREEP I
I----------I------I----------I--------I--------I--------I--------I--------I
qLL
MENV
QENV
NENV
RMENV
RYENY
RZENV
qLL
LIVE
1.000
dpls
MENV
QENV
NENV
RMENV
RYENY
RZENV
dpls
LIVE
1.000
Page MB-19
Appendix MB
p-truck
MENV
QENV
NENV
RMENV
RYENY
RZENV
p-truck1
p-truck2
LIVE
LIVE
1.000
1.000
p-tandem
MENV
QENV
NENV
RMENV
RYENY
RZENV
p-tandem
LIVE
1.000
Live-Load
MENV
QENV
NENV
RMENV
RYENY
RZENV
p-truck
p-tandem
qLL
LIVE
LIVE
LIVE
1.000
1.000
1.000
ALTER
ALTER
ALTER
ALTER
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
ECHOPRINT
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
PAGE
11
:
:
PAGE
12
:
:
0
L O A D
(CONT.)
I LOADCOMBINATION I
KI
I NAME
I ART I NAME
I CREEP I
I----------I------I----------I--------I--------I--------I--------I--------I
LC-ASLS
MENV
QENV
NENV
RMENV
RYENY
RZENV
LC-ASI
MENV
QENV
NENV
RMENV
RYENY
RZENV
qdc
qdd
qev
qev
qeh
DEAD
LIVE
DEAD
LIVE
DEAD
.900
.350
.900
.350
.900
qeh
dpls
Live-Load
LIVE
LIVE
LIVE
.450
1.750
1.750
qdc
qev
qeh
dpls
DEAD
DEAD
DEAD
LIVE
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
Live-Load
LIVE
1.000
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
RESULTS
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
0
G R O S S F O R C E S
I
I
qdc
I
qev
I
qeh
I
I POINTS
I--------------------------------I--------------------------------I--------------------------------I
I
I
M
I
N
I
Q
I
M
I
N
I
Q
I
M
I
N
I
Q
I
I-----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I
1.000
2.000
92.
35.
-308.
-266.
-61.
-73.
145.
37.
-508.
-475.
-122.
-131.
-188.
-88.
39.
27.
139.
96.
2.000
3.000
35.
-3.
-273.
-240.
-36.
-51.
37.
-26.
-489.
-448.
-64.
-82.
-88.
-25.
40.
25.
91.
57.
3.000
4.000
-3.
-24.
-244.
-218.
-16.
-33.
-26.
-53.
-455.
-412.
-18.
-45.
-25.
9.
33.
17.
53.
28.
4.000
5.000
-24.
-33.
-220.
-201.
-2.
-19.
-53.
-57.
-415.
-375.
13.
-20.
9.
23.
21.
6.
25.
7.
5.000
6.000
-33.
-32.
-201.
-186.
10.
-7.
-57.
-45.
-374.
-340.
33.
-5.
23.
23.
7.
-6.
6.
-6.
6.000
7.000
-32.
-23.
-185.
-174.
19.
2.
-45.
-26.
-338.
-311.
42.
3.
23.
16.
-7.
-17.
-5.
-12.
Page MB-20
Appendix MB

7.000
8.000
-23.
7.
-170.
-151.
37.
-9.
-26.
10.
-304.
-266.
66.
-26.
16.
-8.
-19.
-35.
-8.
-15.
8.000
9.000
7.
19.
-148.
-142.
30.
-19.
10.
19.
-264.
-254.
44.
-33.
-8.
-20.
-38.
-42.
-5.
-6.
9.000
10.000
19.
7.
-142.
-148.
19.
-30.
19.
10.
-254.
-264.
33.
-44.
-20.
-8.
-42.
-38.
6.
5.
10.000
11.000
7.
-23.
-151.
-170.
9.
-37.
10.
-26.
-266.
-304.
26.
-66.
-8.
16.
-35.
-19.
15.
8.
11.000
12.000
-23.
-32.
-174.
-185.
-2.
-19.
-26.
-45.
-311.
-338.
-3.
-42.
16.
23.
-17.
-7.
12.
5.
12.000
13.000
-32.
-33.
-186.
-201.
7.
-10.
-45.
-57.
-340.
-374.
5.
-33.
23.
23.
-6.
7.
6.
-6.
13.000
14.000
-33.
-24.
-201.
-220.
19.
2.
-57.
-53.
-375.
-415.
20.
-13.
23.
9.
6.
21.
-7.
-25.
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
RESULTS
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
PAGE
13
:
:
0
I
I
qdc
I
qev
I
qeh
I
I POINTS
I--------------------------------I--------------------------------I--------------------------------I
I
I
M
I
N
I
Q
I
M
I
N
I
Q
I
M
I
N
I
Q
I
I-----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I
14.000
15.000
-24.
-3.
-218.
-244.
33.
16.
-53.
-26.
-412.
-455.
45.
18.
9.
-25.
17.
33.
-28.
-53.
15.000
16.000
-3.
35.
-240.
-273.
51.
36.
-26.
37.
-448.
-489.
82.
64.
-25.
-88.
25.
40.
-57.
-91.
16.000
17.000
35.
92.
-266.
-308.
73.
61.
37.
145.
-475.
-508.
131.
122.
-88.
-188.
27.
39.
-96.
-139.
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
RESULTS
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
PAGE
14
:
:
0
I
I
qLL MAX-M
I
qLL MIN-M
I
qLL MAX-Q
I
I POINTS
I--------------------------------I--------------------------------I--------------------------------I
I
I
M
I
N
I
Q
I
M
I
N
I
Q
I
M
I
N
I
Q
I
I-----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I
1.000
2.000
21.
13.
-10.
-8.
-9.
-8.
-10.
-9.
-15.
-14.
1.
-7.
-6.
-11.
-9.
2.
2.
2.000
3.000
13.
8.
-9.
-8.
-7.
-6.
-9.
-8.
-14.
-14.
2.
1.
-7.
-5.
-10.
-8.
3.
2.
3.000
4.000
8.
4.
-9.
-7.
-5.
-4.
-8.
-6.
-14.
-14.
3.
1.
-6.
-4.
-10.
-8.
4.
3.
4.000
5.000
4.
1.
-7.
-5.
-3.
-2.
-6.
-5.
-14.
-15.
3.
-5.
-2.
-9.
-8.
4.
3.
5.000
6.000
1.
1.
-5.
-2.
-1.
1.
-5.
-5.
-15.
-16.
2.
-1.
-3.
-1.
-9.
-8.
4.
3.
6.000
7.000
1.
2.
-2.
-4.
1.
1.
-5.
-5.
-16.
-13.
1.
-1.
-2.
-10.
-8.
4.
3.
7.000
8.000
2.
4.
-3.
-7.
2.
-1.
-5.
-3.
-13.
-8.
2.
-2.
1.
-12.
-8.
5.
2.
8.000
9.000
4.
4.
-7.
-8.
1.
-1.
-3.
-2.
-8.
-6.
2.
-1.
-2.
1.
-11.
-7.
5.
2.
9.000
10.000
4.
4.
-8.
-7.
1.
-1.
-2.
-3.
-6.
-8.
1.
-2.
1.
2.
-7.
-3.
4.
1.
10.000
11.000
4.
2.
-7.
-3.
1.
-2.
-3.
-5.
-8.
-13.
-2.
-6.
-4.
3.
1.
Page MB-21
Appendix MB
11.000
12.000
2.
1.
-4.
-2.
-1.
-1.
-5.
-5.
-13.
-16.
1.
-1.
-2.
-1.
-9.
-8.
2.
2.
12.000
13.000
1.
1.
-3.
-5.
-1.
1.
-5.
-5.
-16.
-15.
1.
-2.
-2.
-10.
-10.
3.
3.
13.000
14.000
1.
4.
-5.
-7.
2.
3.
-5.
-6.
-15.
-14.
-3.
-1.
2.
-12.
-12.
4.
4.
NORDCAD AB
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Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
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14.000
15.000
4.
8.
-7.
-9.
4.
5.
-6.
-8.
-14.
-14.
-1.
-3.
1.
6.
-13.
-13.
6.
6.
15.000
16.000
8.
13.
-8.
-9.
6.
7.
-8.
-9.
-14.
-14.
-1.
-2.
5.
12.
-13.
-13.
8.
8.
16.000
17.000
13.
21.
-8.
-10.
8.
9.
-9.
-10.
-14.
-15.
-1.
10.
18.
-14.
-14.
10.
10.
NORDCAD AB
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PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
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Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
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1.000
2.000
18.
10.
-14.
-14.
-10.
-10.
11.
5.
-25.
-23.
-8.
-8.
2.000
3.000
12.
5.
-13.
-13.
-8.
-8.
5.
-24.
-22.
-5.
-6.
3.000
4.000
6.
1.
-13.
-13.
-6.
-6.
-2.
-22.
-21.
-2.
-4.
4.000
5.000
2.
-1.
-12.
-12.
-4.
-4.
-2.
-4.
-21.
-20.
-1.
-2.
5.000
6.000
-2.
-10.
-10.
-3.
-3.
-4.
-3.
-20.
-18.
1.
-1.
6.000
7.000
-1.
-2.
-8.
-9.
-2.
-2.
-3.
-2.
-18.
-17.
2.
-4.
-6.
-1.
-3.
-2.
1.
-17.
-15.
4.
-1.
7.000
8.000
8.000
9.000
2.
1.
-3.
-7.
-1.
-4.
1.
2.
-14.
-14.
3.
-2.
9.000
10.000
1.
-2.
-7.
-11.
-2.
-5.
2.
1.
-14.
-14.
2.
-3.
10.000
11.000
1.
-2.
-8.
-12.
-2.
-5.
1.
-2.
-15.
-17.
1.
-4.
11.000
12.000
-2.
-8.
-10.
-3.
-4.
-2.
-3.
-17.
-18.
-2.
12.000
13.000
-1.
-3.
-8.
-9.
-3.
-4.
-3.
-4.
-18.
-20.
1.
-1.
13.000
14.000
-2.
-5.
-8.
-9.
-3.
-4.
-4.
-2.
-20.
-21.
2.
1.
Page MB-22
Appendix MB
NORDCAD AB
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PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
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14.000
15.000
-4.
-6.
-8.
-10.
-3.
-4.
15.000
16.000
-5.
-7.
-8.
-10.
-2.
-3.
16.000
17.000
-6.
-7.
-9.
-11.
-2.
-2.
-2.
-21.
-22.
4.
2.
5.
-22.
-24.
6.
5.
5.
11.
-23.
-25.
8.
8.
NORDCAD AB
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PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
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Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
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1.000
2.000
-59.
-32.
10.
8.
36.
28.
-59.
-32.
10.
8.
36.
28.
2.000
3.000
-32.
-12.
12.
9.
27.
20.
-32.
-12.
12.
9.
27.
20.
-12.
11.
18.
3.000
4.000
1.
7.
11.
-12.
1.
11.
7.
18.
11.
4.000
5.000
1.
7.
9.
4.
10.
5.
1.
7.
9.
4.
10.
5.
5.000
6.000
7.
9.
4.
-1.
4.
-1.
7.
4.
4.
6.000
7.000
9.
7.
-1.
-6.
-1.
-4.
7.000
8.000
7.
-6.
-3.
-3.
-16.
-7.
8.000
9.000
-3.
-8.
-17.
-21.
-2.
-3.
9.000
10.000
-8.
-3.
-21.
-17.
3.
2.
-8.
-3.
-21.
-17.
3.
2.
-3.
-16.
7.
10.000
11.000
7.
-6.
3.
-3.
7.
-16.
-6.
7.
3.
11.000
12.000
7.
9.
-6.
-1.
4.
1.
7.
9.
-6.
-1.
4.
1.
12.000
13.000
9.
7.
-1.
4.
1.
-4.
9.
-1.
1.
13.000
14.000
7.
1.
4.
9.
-5.
-10.
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
RESULTS
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
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Page MB-23
Appendix MB
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14.000
15.000
1.
7.
-11.
-12.
11.
-18.
15.000
16.000
-12.
-32.
9.
12.
-20.
-27.
16.000
17.000
-32.
-59.
8.
10.
-28.
-36.
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
RESULTS
PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
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Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
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1.000
2.000
-59.
-32.
10.
8.
36.
28.
2.000
3.000
-32.
-12.
12.
9.
27.
20.
3.000
4.000
-12.
1.
11.
7.
18.
11.
4.000
5.000
1.
7.
9.
4.
10.
5.
7.
4.
4.
5.000
6.000
9.
-1.
-1.
9.
-1.
-1.
6.000
7.000
9.
7.
-1.
-6.
-1.
-4.
9.
7.
-1.
-6.
-1.
-4.
7.000
8.000
7.
-3.
-6.
-16.
-3.
-7.
7.
-3.
-6.
-16.
-3.
-7.
8.000
9.000
-3.
-8.
-17.
-21.
-2.
-3.
-3.
-8.
-17.
-21.
-2.
-3.
9.000
10.000
-8.
-3.
-21.
-17.
3.
2.
10.000
11.000
-3.
7.
-16.
-6.
7.
3.
11.000
12.000
7.
9.
-6.
-1.
4.
1.
9.
-1.
1.
12.000
13.000
7.
4.
-4.
7.
4.
-4.
13.000
14.000
7.
1.
4.
9.
-5.
-10.
7.
1.
4.
9.
-5.
-10.
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
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CONSTR.IDENT
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Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
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14.000
15.000
1.
-12.
7.
11.
-11.
-18.
1.
-12.
7.
11.
-11.
-18.
15.000
16.000
-12.
-32.
9.
12.
-20.
-27.
-12.
-32.
9.
12.
-20.
-27.
Page MB-24
Appendix MB

16.000
17.000
-32.
-59.
8.
10.
-28.
-36.
-32.
-59.
8.
10.
-28.
-36.
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
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PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
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1.000
2.000
101.
66.
-43.
-38.
-42.
-40.
-49.
-44.
-73.
-68.
8.
3.
-23.
-25.
-45.
-46.
12.
10.
2.000
3.000
66.
37.
-43.
-37.
-34.
-32.
-44.
-36.
-67.
-65.
12.
6.
-25.
-23.
-44.
-44.
17.
14.
3.000
4.000
37.
17.
-41.
-30.
-26.
-22.
-36.
-28.
-63.
-85.
15.
-1.
-23.
-18.
-42.
-43.
20.
16.
4.000
5.000
17.
8.
-33.
-23.
-17.
-6.
-28.
-25.
-85.
-82.
11.
-4.
-18.
-11.
-40.
-42.
22.
17.
5.000
6.000
8.
9.
-23.
-13.
-2.
5.
-25.
-24.
-81.
-75.
8.
-5.
-11.
-5.
-39.
-42.
22.
16.
6.000
7.000
9.
14.
-12.
-19.
7.
5.
-24.
-24.
-76.
-65.
5.
-3.
-5.
1.
-39.
-43.
22.
16.
7.000
8.000
14.
22.
-17.
-33.
8.
-4.
-24.
-16.
-64.
-39.
10.
-14.
8.
-74.
-43.
26.
11.
8.000
9.000
22.
22.
-33.
-36.
4.
-5.
-16.
-9.
-38.
-28.
10.
-4.
-4.
8.
-58.
-40.
25.
11.
9.000
10.000
22.
22.
-36.
-33.
5.
-4.
-9.
-16.
-28.
-38.
4.
-10.
8.
15.
-36.
-19.
21.
9.
10.000
11.000
22.
14.
-33.
-18.
4.
-8.
-16.
-24.
-39.
-64.
-10.
5.
3.
-32.
-22.
15.
5.
11.000
12.000
14.
9.
-19.
-13.
-5.
-7.
-24.
-24.
-65.
-76.
3.
-5.
-4.
-1.
-34.
-32.
11.
9.
12.000
13.000
9.
8.
-14.
-23.
-5.
3.
-24.
-25.
-75.
-81.
6.
-8.
-15.
-3.
-49.
-49.
14.
14.
13.000
14.000
8.
17.
-23.
-33.
6.
17.
-25.
-28.
-82.
-85.
4.
-11.
-7.
11.
-55.
-55.
21.
21.
NORDCAD AB
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Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
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14.000
15.000
17.
37.
-30.
-41.
22.
26.
-28.
-36.
-85.
-64.
1.
-15.
7.
32.
-57.
-57.
29.
29.
15.000
16.000
37.
66.
-37.
-44.
32.
34.
-36.
-44.
-65.
-67.
-6.
-12.
27.
59.
-58.
-58.
37.
37.
16.000
17.000
66.
101.
-38.
-43.
40.
42.
-44.
-49.
-69.
-73.
-3.
-8.
53.
92.
-57.
-57.
45.
45.
NORDCAD AB
S T R I P
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RESULTS
PROJECT IDENT
Pro.nr 98034

CONSTR.IDENT
NO
DATE
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
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1.000
2.000
92.
54.
-57.
-57.
-45.
-45.
-27.
-28.
-97.
-94.
-4.
-11.
2.000
3.000
59.
27.
-58.
-58.
-37.
-37.
-28.
-27.
-95.
-92.
1.
-6.
3.000
4.000
32.
7.
-57.
-57.
-29.
-29.
-27.
-25.
-92.
-90.
6.
-2.
4.000
5.000
11.
-7.
-55.
-55.
-21.
-21.
-25.
-22.
-89.
-87.
10.
2.
5.000
6.000
-3.
-15.
-49.
-49.
-14.
-14.
-22.
-19.
-86.
-84.
14.
6.
6.000
7.000
-1.
-4.
-32.
-34.
-9.
-11.
-19.
-15.
-82.
-79.
18.
10.
7.000
8.000
3.
5.
-22.
-32.
-5.
-15.
-15.
4.
-75.
-65.
25.
3.
8.000
9.000
15.
8.
-19.
-36.
-9.
-21.
7.
11.
-63.
-60.
18.
-2.
9.000
10.000
8.
-4.
-40.
-58.
-11.
-25.
12.
7.
-60.
-63.
3.
-18.
10.000
11.000
8.
-14.
-43.
-74.
-11.
-26.
4.
-15.
-66.
-75.
-3.
-26.
11.000
12.000
1.
-5.
-43.
-40.
-16.
-22.
-15.
-19.
-79.
-82.
-10.
-18.
12.000
13.000
-5.
-11.
-42.
-40.
-16.
-22.
-19.
-22.
-84.
-86.
-6.
-14.
13.000
14.000
-11.
-18.
-42.
-40.
-17.
-22.
-22.
-25.
-87.
-89.
-2.
-11.
NORDCAD AB
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PROJECT IDENT
CONSTR.IDENT
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Pro.nr 98034
B.M. Ethiopia
991116
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14.000
15.000
-18.
-23.
-43.
-42.
-16.
-20.
-25.
-27.
-90.
-92.
2.
-7.
15.000
16.000
-23.
-25.
-44.
-44.
-14.
-17.
-27.
-28.
-92.
-95.
6.
-2.
16.000
17.000
-25.
-23.
-46.
-46.
-10.
-12.
-28.
-28.
-94.
-97.
11.
4.
NORDCAD AB
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CONSTR.IDENT
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B.M. Ethiopia
991116
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11.
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81.
13.
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NORDCAD AB
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14.000
15.000
-15.
36.
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-681.
60.
38.
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-186.
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15.000
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36.
141.
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141.
310.
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-763.
-812.
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109.
289.
-936.
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241.
180.
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1.000
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289.
110.
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9.
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10.
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20.
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13.
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25.
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8.
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14.
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19.
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8.
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44.
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10.
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6.
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17.
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35.
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14.000
15.000
-109.
-163.
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-696.
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-123.
-55.
-80.
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-565.
12.
-72.
-127.
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-893.
-963.
70.
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15.000
16.000
-151.
-204.
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-747.
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-80.
-111.
-570.
-611.
8.
-81.
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-43.
-956.
-1032.
118.
36.
16.000
17.000
-190.
-236.
-742.
-804.
-19.
-117.
-111.
-144.
-616.
-664.
5.
-85.
-43.
67.
-1017.
-1094.
179.
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1.000
2.000
171.
65.
-823.
-755.
-94.
-155.
-80.
-113.
-852.
-790.
-77.
-63.
-94.
-847.
-778.
9.
-66.
2.000
3.000
65.
-5.
-769.
-704.
-49.
-113.
-113.
-121.
-793.
-736.
33.
-49.
-102.
-106.
-787.
-723.
43.
-37.
3.000
4.000
-5.
-44.
-713.
-644.
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-112.
-736.
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55.
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-112.
-98.
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65.
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4.000
5.000
-44.
-49.
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-593.
25.
-34.
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-101.
-694.
-653.
55.
-29.
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77.
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62.
-21.
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3.
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-7.
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65.
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-63.
-612.
-577.
64.
-10.
-69.
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87.
14.
7.000
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-7.
39.
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-500.
104.
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-16.
-567.
-519.
106.
-56.
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12.
-566.
-523.
130.
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8.000
9.000
39.
49.
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-498.
77.
-66.
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10.
30.
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49.
39.
-499.
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24.
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10.000
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39.
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54.
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22.
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4.
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24.
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11.
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35.
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29.
-55.
-72.
-51.
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58.
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14.000
15.000
-44.
-5.
-644.
-713.
66.
13.
-112.
-121.
-695.
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43.
-55.
-60.
-16.
-683.
-736.
85.
17.
15.000
16.000
-5.
65.
-704.
-769.
113.
49.
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-113.
-736.
-793.
49.
-33.
-21.
54.
-734.
-793.
120.
54.
16.000
17.000
65.
171.
-755.
-823.
155.
94.
-113.
-80.
-790.
-852.
77.
47.
159.
-784.
-848.
164.
100.
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1.000
2.000
160.
47.
-848.
-784.
-100.
-164.
-10.
-49.
-767.
-706.
-9.
-80.
33.
-40.
-899.
-831.
-57.
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2.000
3.000
54.
-21.
-793.
-734.
-54.
-120.
-49.
-65.
-710.
-654.
19.
-56.
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-80.
-840.
-776.
-12.
-87.
3.000
4.000
-16.
-60.
-736.
-683.
-17.
-85.
-65.
-67.
-655.
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37.
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-781.
-724.
22.
-55.
4.000
5.000
-51.
-72.
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10.
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-59.
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47.
-27.
-95.
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46.
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5.000
6.000
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31.
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52.
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64.
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45.
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56.
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-604.
75.
7.000
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-24.
22.
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86.
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8.
-493.
-453.
94.
-49.
-44.
10.
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121.
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24.
22.
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-506.
56.
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8.
19.
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70.
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13.
24.
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88.
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9.000
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30.
10.
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42.
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19.
8.
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58.
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24.
13.
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65.
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10.000
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12.
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35.
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8.
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49.
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10.
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53.
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7.
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18.
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13.
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13.000
14.000
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6.
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27.
-47.
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31.
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18.
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38.
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55.
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15.000
16.000
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37.
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56.
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87.
11.
16.000
17.000
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66.
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-49.
-10.
-706.
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80.
9.
-40.
33.
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-899.
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R-ETA I
R-ZETA I
R-M
I
I-----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I
1
-60.
17
-50.
79.
-2.
-30.
-92.
-28.
30.
-92.
28.
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R-ZETA I
R-M
I
R-ETA I
R-ZETA I
R-M
I
I-----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I
1
-48.
-24.
101.
-12.
-69.
-60.
17
12.
-69.
60.
48.
-24.
-101.
53.
-36.
-85.
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R-ETA I
R-ZETA I
R-M
I
I-----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I
1
-53.
17
-36.
84.
-4.
-71.
-45.
4.
-71.
45.
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R-ETA I
R-ZETA I
R-M
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R-ETA I
R-ZETA I
R-M
I
R-ETA I
R-ZETA I
R-M
I
I-----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I
1
-59.
-31.
122.
-15.
-84.
-70.
17
15.
-84.
70.
59.
-31.
-122.
-2.
74.
-78.
-86.
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R-ETA I
R-ZETA I
R-M
I
I-----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I
1
-74.
17
-71.
90.
-2.
-44.
-114.
-16.
44.
-114.
16.
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R-ETA I
R-ZETA I
R-M
I
I-----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I
1
-424.
-878.
310.
-125.
-809.
-266.
-99.
-662.
-144.
17
125.
-809.
266.
425.
-879.
-310.
450.
-961.
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R-ZETA I
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I-----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I
1
-450.
-949.
254.
-229.
-662.
44.
-398.
-1024.
67.
17
99.
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144.
229.
-662.
-44.
398.
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R E A C T I O N S
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-314.
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171.
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I-----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I
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-329.
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139.
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UNITS
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
ELEMENT TYPES
GEOMETRY OF SYSTEM
STANDARD LOADCASES
TRACKS
TRAFFIC LOAD GROUPS
TRAFFIC LOADCASES
LOADCOMBINATIONS
0
RESULTS
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I LOAD COMBINATION I STABI- I STRESSES I GROSS - I

REAC- I DEFOR- I
I NAME
I
LITY I
I FORCES I
TIONS I MATIONS I
I------------------I----------I----------I----------I----------I----------I
qdc
qev
qeh
qLL
dpls
12
12
12
14
18
42
42
42
43
45
p-truck
p-tandem
Live-Load
LC-ASLS
LC-ASI
22
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30
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LAST PAGE OF THIS CALCULATION
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Bridge Design Manual - 2002

APPENDIX MB - MASONRY BRIDGE, 12 M SPAN, 7.32 M WIDTH

Two design conditions are checked:

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

MB.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

MB.2 COMPUTER PROGRAMS

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

MB.3 STRUCTURAL CROSS SECTION

thickness at crown (top)

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

Dead Load of Stone Masonry

Horizontal Earth Pressure

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Stone Masonry (Sandstone)

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

MB.4.2 Surcharge Load - LS

when wall height < 1.5 m

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

MB.4.3 Live Load

MB.4.3.1 Lane Load - LL subsection 3.8

MB.4.3.2 Design Truck

Uniformly Lane Load/traffic lane

(traffic lane = 3.0 m)

The Dynamic Factor Table 3-8

PTruck2 = 2*145* /(lTire+2*Zfilling)/W

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

MB.4.3.3 Design Tandemsection 3.8: Design Tandem

The Dynamic Factor

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

MB.5. LOAD COMBINATIONS

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

MB.6. CONTROL OF COMPRESSION LINE AND EDGE PRESSURE

i Is the first node of the beam.

-The edge pressure edge < fcall edge

fcall edge = 0.14*fc

Table 7-2 (Sandstone)

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

MB.6.2 Load case LC-ASAt Strength limit sate

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

APPENDIX A- CALCULATIONS BY STRIP-STEP2

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

FROM THESE STANDARD-UNITS ARE:

Ethiopian Roads Authority

Bridge Design Manual - 2002

PTruck2 = 2145 /(lTire+2*Zfilling)/W