Ducab Cable

Advanced Cable Solutions Through Technology and Innovation
LOW VOLTAGE XLPE INSULATED POWER CABLES
CONTENTS
Page
Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1 Customer Service............................................................................................................................ 2-3 Product Range ................................................................................................................................ 4 Specification and Construction ...................................................................................................... 4 5 Salient Features of Ducab Cables Design .................................................................................... 6 Installation and Electrical Data ...................................................................................................... 6 19 XLPE Insulated Cables to BS 5467: Technical Data Tables ........................................................ 20-33
600/1000V rated, Copper and Aluminium Conductors........................................................... 20-31
Single Core Cables................................................................................................................ 20-21 Two Core Cables................................................................................................................... 22-23 Three Core Cables................................................................................................................. 24-25 Four Core Cables .................................................................................................................. 26-27 Four Core Cables with Reduced Neutral Conductors........................................................... 28-29 Three and Four Core Armoured Cables................................................................................. 30
1900/3300V rated, Armoured Copper Conductors.................................................................. 31 XLPE insulated Lead Sheathed Armoured Cables to BS 5467............................................... 32-33
Advantages of XLPE Insulated Cables........................................................................................... 34 LSF Cables...................................................................................................................................... 34 XLPE Cable Voltage Drop Data for partial loads........................................................................... 35 Components Reference Chart......................................................................................................... 36-37
Ducab is listed in the following publication issued by the Department of Trade and Industry of the United Kingdom. THE DTI QA REGISTER - PRODUCTS AND SERVICES LIST Only those companies whose quality system is assessed and certified by U.K. accredited certification bodies appear in the above publication.
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INTRODUCTION
Dubai Cable Company (Private) Limited Ducab is a joint venture between the Government of Dubai, the Government of Abu Dhabi. Ducab is located on a site of 54 hectares in Jebel Ali, Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates. A major factory expansion took place in 1991 with production capacity being more than doubled. In 1999, Ducab again increased production capacity for low voltage cables and commissioned a world class production and testing facilities for Ducab Powerplus Medium Voltage cables. In 2001, Ducab installed the second Medium Voltage CCV line. The current factory floor area is 16,000 m2. Ducab manufactures electric cables to the highest quality standards. This catalogue provides working information on Ducabs complete range of XLPE Power Cables rated up to 3.3 kV and also includes data on components. Separate catalogues are available for Ducabs range of Control and Auxiliary Cables, Wiring Cables, Ducab Smokemaster LSF Cables and Ducab Powerplus Medium Voltage Cables. Details of PVC Power Cables are available on request. Due to the wide range of cables in the catalogue, it is advisable, when ordering, to provide as much information as possible. Please use the following table as a guide:
ORDERING ADVICE
The following details will ensure that your enquiries and orders are dealt with quickly and efficiently: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Length of cables required and individual drum lengths.* Voltage designation. Relevant British or International Standard. Number of cores. Conductor size and, where applicable, size of reduced neutral conductor. Conductor material i.e. copper, aluminium. Type of insulation. Type of bedding. Type of armour. Type of outer sheath. Any other special requirement, e.g. circular conductors, special PVC sheath material, drum weight limitation, etc. * Cables are normally supplied in lengths of 300 metres, 500 metres and 1000 metres depending on conductor size. Other lengths can be supplied if required.
TECHNICAL ADVISORY SERVICE

Specialist advice and assistance on all matters concerning PVC or XLPE insulated Power cables is available from Ducab Sales Offices or direct from Dubai Cable Company (Private) Limited, P. O. Box 11529, Dubai, U. A. E., Tel: 971-4-8082500, Fax: 971-4-8082511. E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.ducab.ae
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CUSTOMER SERVICE
Dubai Cable Company - Ducab - is the leading cable manufacturer in the United Arab Emirates and, since 1979, has been meeting the requirements of customers throughout the Middle and Far East. Ducabs cables are used by some of the most demanding utilities in the world, for the following reasons:
Product Quality
Ducab is committed to supplying its customers with the highest quality of product and of service. Ducabs Power cables have been type approved by Lloyds Register of the UK and have undergone rigorous type testing by the British Standards Institution (via BASEC) of the UK. They fully conform to BS 6346 and BS 5467 specifications for PVC and XLPE insulated cables respectively, for electricity supply, up to and including 600/1000 V ratings. In addition, Ducab was presented with the Dubai Quality Award 1994, for the best local industrial company of the year. Four years later, Ducab was presented with the Dubai Quality Award 98 Gold Category. The Gold Award rewards the most distinguished companies which are judged to be world class.
Reliability
Specifying the right cable for a particular application is the first step. The key to reliability however, is in the manufacturing process. The cable must be free from material and manufacturing defects, and weaknesses that will be revealed in service. Ducab constantly monitors its manufacturing processes and operates stringent quality assurance procedures to give long term reliability. This is of vital significance where cables are to be installed in locations where future access would be difficult and this is where Ducabs reputation and the resources give peace of mind.
Performance
Optimum cable performance can be provided only by a company such as Ducab, with access to the latest developments in conductor, insulation and protective materials technology. In addition, Ducabs knowledge of application requirements throughout the Middle and Far East is an assurance of high performance. Where required, Ducab can incorporate special features, for example to give the cable low smoke and fume (LSF) or reduced flame propagation characteristics, or to resist damage from chafing or impacts. Our experienced Technical staff can provide guidance on cable selection and installation and can ensure that you get the right cable for the job.
Safety
Ducab is able to maintain a close watch on world developments in cable technology and regulations and therefore ensure that its products are designed and constructed to be hazard-free under the prescribed conditions of use. Ducab uses only tried and tested materials and processes in full compliance with all relevant British and International Standards. Our cables are therefore manufactured for safe use without risk to health on the understanding that users will exercise the same degree of care in their selection and application.
Safety is an important issue for Ducab, and the strictest standards are adhered to throughout the company. Ducab is proud of its safety record and has been awarded RoSPA (Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents) Gold Awards for safety from 1991 to 1999. In 2000, Ducab was awarded the prestigious Presidents Award for Health and Safety which is a recognition of Ducab winning 10 consecutive annual Gold awards and acknowledges Ducabs total commitment to health and safety. In 2002, Ducab was declared the joint winner of the Manufacturing Industry Sector Award from RoSPA. Ducab is the first organisation in the Middle East to receive accreditation to BS 8800 by the BASEC (British Approvals Service for Cables). Certification to BS 8800 provides a recognisable Occupational Health and Safety Management standard against which an organisations management systems can be assessed and certified. Based on the structure of ISO 14001, the standard requires continual improvement in health and safety related activities.
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Quality Management System Certified to ISO 9001

Ducabs Quality Management System conforms to the ISO 9001:1994 International Quality System Standard and is certified by the British Standards Institution who are an internationally recognised quality authority accredited in the UK and throughout the world. Ducab also holds ISO 9001:1994 certificate issued independently by BASEC. Certification to the ISO 9001 International standard demonstrates that Ducab has drawn up written procedures to ensure full compliance with all requirements of the standard and that these procedures are followed by every department in the company, thus ensuring that the goods leaving Ducabs factory are of the highest quality and meet each customers requirements in every respect. Ducab is particularly proud to have achieved certification to the stringent ISO 9001:1994 standard as it is an independent conformation that it designs, manufactures and tests cables consistently to accepted standards. ISO 9001 is widely used throughout Europe, and is therefore a reassurance to Ducabs customers that the products and service supplied by the company are equal to the best in the world.
Environmental Management System Certified to ISO 14001

Ducabs Environmental Management System conforms to the ISO 14001:1996 International Environmental Management Standard and is certified by the British Standards Institution who are an internationally recognised certifying authority accredited in the UK and throughout Europe. Certification to the ISO 14001:1996 International standard shows that Ducab has a well defined structure and established working practices aimed at limiting its impact on the environment. Measurement and monitoring of effects, issuing work instructions, training of personnel and taking corrective actions are all essential elements to limiting the impact on the environment. Ducab has set improvement targets to reduce the significant environmental impacts associated with its activities. Ducab is proud to be the first cable manufacturer in the region to achieve certification to ISO 14001 and this certification along with its quality, business success and safety record demonstrates that Ducab is a world class organisation and can hold its head up to any business community throughout the world.
BASEC Certification
Ducab is also proud to hold a Product Marketing Licence issued by BASEC (British Approvals Service for Cables) for several cables in its product range.
Customer Satisfaction
Ducabs customer satisfaction programme, The Value Edge is designed to ensure that customers receive a consistently high level of service from Ducabs dedicated staff.
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PRODUCT RANGE
Voltage range: 0.6/1kV and 1.9/3.3 kV Cable Types: 1) Armoured/unarmoured XLPE insulated cables 2) Lead sheathed cables 3) Copper or Aluminium PE tape (with drain wire) shielded Cable sizes: Single core up to and including 1000 mm2 2 core up to and including 300 mm2 3 core up to and including 400 mm2 4 core up to and including 500 mm2 Specification: BS 5467..........................for XLPE insulated armoured cables BS 7889..........................for XLPE insulated single core unarmoured cables IEC 60502 (Part 1) ........for XLPE insulated single/multicore armoured/unarmoured cables Any other International Specification as per VDE/DIN,GOST and as per customers specifications.
SPECIFICATION AND CONSTRUCTION

CONDUCTORS
It is the current carrying component of the cable. Material: Plain, stranded, compacted copper as per BS 6360/IEC:228 Aluminium, stranded, compacted conductors
INSULATION
The rated voltage level of the cable depends on the dielectric strength and thickness of the insulation. Material: Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) Type GP8 as per BS 7655:Section 1.3. Colour Masterbatch: Ultra-violet (UV) resistant polyethylene masterbatch is used for colouring of insulation. This protects the insulation from deterioration when exposed to continuous sunlight.
CORE IDENTIFICATION
Core identification is by colour as follows (unless otherwise agreed): No. of cores Core Colours 1 Red or Black 2 Red and Black 3 Red, Yellow and Blue 4 Red, Yellow, Blue and Black 5 Red, Yellow, Blue, Black and Green/Yellow
FILLERS
For providing circular shape to the cable non-hygroscopic compatible fillers (wherever necessary) are included between laid up cores. METALLIC SCREEN: If required by the customer screening may be provided for electrical shielding. Material: Copper tape Aluminium PE tape along with tinned copper drain wire (for providing screen continuity).
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BARRIER TAPE: Material: Polypropylene/PETP tape is used as a barrier tape over the laid up cores. Functions: Holds the cores together and prevents them from opening out. Works as a separator between different polymers used in a cable. LEAD SHEATH Material: Extruded Lead Alloy E Sheath. Thickness of applied lead sheath is as per EEMUA - 133 (Engineering Equipment and Material Users Association). Function: Protects insulation from corrosion by petroleum products in oil and gas industries.
BEDDING
Extruded bedding serves as a bedding for the armour and as a protection for the laid-up cores. Material: Extruded PVC Type 9 Compound as per BS 7655. Reduced propagation flame retardant (RPLHCL)/RP PVC Compound for reduced flame propagation characteristics. Smokemaster Low smoke and fume for installations where fire hazards exist.
ARMOUR
Armour provides mechanical protection to the cable. It also serves as an Earth Continuity Conductor (ECC). One layer of round wire is applied helically over the bedding. Material: Galvanised round steel wire (GSW). Galvanised round steel wire (GSW) along with tinned copper wires (TCW) for maintaining specified conductivity of armour (if required by the customer). Aluminium round wire armour (AWA) is generally used for single core ac circuits as aluminium is a non-magnetic material and this will reduce losses due to armour. Note: Aluminium glands should be used in conjunction with cables having aluminium wire armour.
OVERSHEATH - FINISH
Following types of materials may be specified for oversheathing. General Purpose: Extruded PVC Type 9 Compound as per BS 7655. Medium Density Polythylene (MDPE): Offers higher protection from water ingress and mechanical abrasion. Anti Termite: Termite resistance can be built in both types described above by compounding with proper additives. Reduced Propagation (RP): Retards propagation of flame in fire situation. (Oxygen Index 30) Reduced Propagation and Low Acid Fumes (RPLHCL): Retards propagation of flames and gives low emission of hydrochloric acid fumes. (OI 30 & acid gas emission is less than 18 %) Smokemaster Low Smoke & Fume (LSF): Smokemaster cables are ideal for installations where the dense black smoke generated by PVC cables in a fire are a danger to people. Smokemaster is characterised by the features as Oxygen Index greater than 35, acid-gas liberation almost nil (<0.5%) and smoke density within controllable limit of 40% smoke density. Smokemaster cables are offered to BS 6724.
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SALIENT FEATURES OF DUCAB CABLE DESIGN

(1) XLPE insulation Ultra-violet (UV) colour masterbatch: Ultra-violet (UV) resistant polyethylene masterbatch is used for colouring of insulation. This protects the insulation from deterioration when exposed to continuous sunlight. (2) Polypropylene/PETP tape over the laid up cores: Acts as a separator between different polymers used in a cable. (3) Fillers: For ensuring proper circular shape to the cable, non-hygroscopic compatible fillers (wherever necessary) are included between laid up cores. (4) Special requirements: Ducab cables can be custom designed to incorporate special requirements of the client as follows: (a) Screening: Copper tape or Aluminium PE tape (along with tinned copper drain wire) can be used for shielding purposes. (b) Tinned copper wire can be used along with galvanised round steel wires to maintain specified armour conductivity requirements. (c) Reduced propagating flame retardant bedding (RPLHCL/RP) and outersheath material can be offered to meet reduced flame propagation characteristics and low hydrogen acid gas emission. (d) Cable with bedding and outersheath material of special LSF (low smoke and fume) compound can be offered for installations where fire and its associated problems - the emission of smoke and toxic fumes - offer a serious potential threat. (For details on LSF cables refer page 34) (e) In water logged areas or where the cables are required to be abrasion resistant, cable with medium density polyethylene (MDPE) can be offered. (f) For protection from insects, anti-termite protection can be added to the outersheath.
INSTALLATION
Whichever form of conductor is used, XLPE insulated cables are simple to handle, install and joint. All the cables described in this publication can be used indoors or outdoors, but some reservations are necessary concerning cables for direct burial in the ground or for use in sustained wet conditions as follows: (i) Unarmoured cables are not generally recommended for laying directly in the ground.
(ii) Cables laid directly in the ground, particularly in sustained wet conditions, should have extruded bedding and preferably MDPE - Medium Density Polyethylene - as the outersheath material. Other important factors to be taken into account are:
Sheath Damage
Care should be taken to ensure that the oversheath is not damaged during installation. This is especially important where aluminium wire armour is used, as ingress of moisture could lead to corrosion or ultimate loss of earth continuity.
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Minimum installation radius

Cable should not be bent during installation to a radius smaller than that recommended below. Wherever possible larger installation radii should be used.
Table 1
Type of Cable Circular copper conductors armoured or unarmoured Shaped copper or aluminium conductors, armoured or unarmoured For lead sheathed cables Overall Diameter (D) Any Any Any Minimum internal radius of bend 6D 8D 12D
Connectors
The use of compression type connectors is recommended for XLPEinsulated cables since the use of soldered connectors would limit the maximum short circuit temperature of the cable to 160C (and consequently reduce the final short circuit current by approximately 30 per cent).
Overhead terminations
Ultra violet resistant sleeving or taping should be provided on XLPE insulated cores to avoid degradation due to exposure to solar rays.
Armoured Single Core Cables for AC Operation

Single core cable armour should not be bonded/earthed at both ends, otherwise it carries a circulating current, which may cause overheating in the cables, sometimes resulting in early failure. However single end bonding results in an induced voltage (of low magnitude) at the unearthed end of the armour. Ducab strongly recommend use of an Insulated Adaptor in the cable gland, while terminating single core cables for AC operation. The insulated adaptor could be provided as per part design No. 481 AA - Series. Single core cables for AC operation should not pass through steel conduit or steel gland plate, as it produces a heating effect.
CABLE SUPPORT SPACING

As per Clause 522-08-04 of 16 th Edition of IEE Wiring Regulations where the cable is not continuously supported it shall be supported by suitable means at appropriate intervals in such a manner that the cable does not suffer damage by its own weight.
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CURRENT RATINGS
Current ratings for XLPE insulated cables for groundand ductinstallation are derived from the latest issue of ERA Report 69-30 Part 5 which is based upon IEC Publication 287. The ratings for In Airinstallation are taken from IEE Wiring Regulations, 16th Edition. All the ratings given are for single circuits installed thermally independent of other circuits or any other heat source and on the basis of the standard conditions of installation given in relevant Tables between 18 to 34. For other ambient or ground temperatures, depth of laying, soil thermal resistivity, the rating must be multiplied by relevant rating factors in Tables 2 to 6 and 8 to 12. It should be noted that if XLPE insulated cables, are subjected to operating temperatures appreciably higher than the 90C permissible for continuous operation, the insulation will undergo premature ageing thus affecting the normal life of the cable. However, limiting maximum conductor temperature to 105C during overloads with duration not exceeding 4 hours on any one occasion, or a maximum of 100 hours in any 12 consecutive months, or a total of 500 hours in the cables lifetime, would be tenable.
IEE Wiring Regulations 16th edition - requirement for cables

The IEE Wiring Regulations for installation and selection of cables cannot be approached in isolation from the other equipment in the installation. In particular the devices providing protection against overload, short circuit, shock by indirect contact and over-heating of protective conductors during an earth fault, affect the selection of cables. For guidance and assistance, gi ven below are some of the IEE Wiring Regulations requirements for cables:
Protection against overload current: (Clause 433-01-01 of the 16th Edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations)
This states the requirements which effectively determine the sustained current ratios of the cable viz: (i) The current rating of the cable should not be less than the nominal current or current setting of the device providing protection against overload, which in turn should be not less than the circuit current. (ii) The overload protection should operate at not more than 1.45 times the current rating of the cable. The second requirement (ii) is met if the first (i) is met when the protective device is any of the standard fuses or MCBs mentioned in the regulations,except rewirable types of fuse to BS 3036. With fuses to BS 3036 the current ratings of the cable should not be less than 1.38 times the fuse rating to satisfy (ii).
Protection against short circuit: (Clause 434 of the 16th Edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations)
The cable has to have adequate short-circuit capacity for the current let through by the device providing short circuit protection for the time it will flow. The formula in Section 434-03-03 is effectively that used by cable makers to give the short-circuit ratings in their publications. If the device providing protection against short circuit is the same as that providing protection against overload and, therefore, has a rating not higher than the rating of the cables, the short circuit capacity of the cable will automatically be adequate, there is no need to check.
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Protection against indirect contact by interruption of supply: (Clause 412 of the 16th Edition of IEE Wiring Regulations)
Protection against shock due to contact with exposed conductive parts of equipment during a fault to earth is deemed to be provided if disconnection due to flow of the fault current through the protective device will occur, either within 0.4 seconds for final circuits supplying socket outlets. (Table 41A of the 16th Edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations) or within 5 seconds for final circuits supplying fixed equipment. (Clause 413-02-12 of the 16th Edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations) Regulation 413 gives values of earth fault loop impedances which satisfy these conditions when the standard types of protective devices are used. Cables make the major contribution to earth fault loop impedance, but the impedance of the supply external to the installation has to be taken into account. It is not possible to say what maximum length of standard cables may be used in the installation without exceeding the requirements for earth fault loop impedance in the absence of information on the external impedance for the particular installation. Table 16 gives estimated values of the contribution to earth loop impedance by XLPE insulated copper conductor, steel wire armoured cables to BS 5467.
Cross sectional areas of protective conductors: (Clause 543 of the 16th Edition of IEE Wiring Regulations)
Regulation 543 explains how the cross sectional area of the circuit protective conductor should be calculated to avoid it over-heating during a fault to earth. Again the area required depends on the characteristics of the device providing protection against short circuit. The steel wire armour of standard cables to BS 5467 (XLPE) and BS 6346 (PVC) provides the required area, or more, when the protective device is one of the standard fuses or MCBs with a rating not higher than the current rating of the cable (assuming disconnection within 5 seconds). For the most of the cables the armour is still adequate when the fuse rating is one or two steps, or e ven more, above the current rating of the cable, the margins being greater for the small sizes and 4 core cables than for the larger sizes and two core cables.
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VOLTAGE DROP
Voltage drop is normally only of importance for cables of voltage rating 600/1000V or below. If the installation is to be incompliance with Regulation 525 of the 16th Edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations, it is stipulated that the voltage drop within the installation does not exceed a value appropriate to the safe functioning of the associated equipment in normal service. The requirement is deemed to be satisfied if the drop in voltage from the origin of the installation (usually supply terminals) and the fixed current using equipment does not exceed 4 per cent of the nominal voltage of the supply, disregarding starting conditions. (Note: Diversity can be taken into account when calculating voltage drop). Since the actual power factor of the load is often not known, the most practical approach to the question of voltage drop is to assume the worst conditions i.e. where the phase angle of the load is equal to that of the cable. The voltage drop values in the tables have been based on this assumption. For conductor sizes up to and including 120 mm2 the figures provided apply with sufficient accuracy where the power factor lies between 0.6 lagging and 1.0, and for large cables where the power factor of the load does not exceed 0.8 lagging. Where the phase angles of the loads fall outside this range, the voltage drop deduced from the tables may be unduly conservative and more exact methods of calculation should be employed. The values of voltage drop for 600/1000 V rated cables are given in the current rating tables. In those cases where the actual current differs greatly from the tabulated current rating, the results obtained from the tables are only approximate; for a more accurate assessment, allowance should be made for the change in conductor resistance with operating temperature. Refer to page 35 and Table 32 for details. It should also be ensured that the cable size ultimately selected is capable of carrying the required current under the site conditions of installation. Values of voltage drop are tabulated for a current of one ampere for a 1 metre run, i.e. for a distance of 1 metre along the route taken by the cables, and represent the effect of the voltage drop in all the circuit conductors. For balanced three phase ac circuits, the values relate to the line voltage. For any given run the values need to be multiplied by the length of the run (in metres) and by the current (in amperes) that the cables are to carry. Examples: Consider a route of 200 metres of 4 Core armoured cable to be installed in air and to carry 100 amperes load per phase, with the supply voltage being 415 volts, three phase 50 Hz and the cable to be Copper XLPE/SWA/PVC. Using the tables: Let Vd be the voltage drop in volts. Vd = mV x I x L or mV = Vd x 1000 1000 IxL where I = Current in amperes L = Route length in metres mV = Approximate volt drop/ampere/metre Assume maximum permissible volt drop = 4 per cent of 415 volts = 16.6 volts Substitute for current, route length and maximum permissible volt drop then mV = 16.6 x 1000 = 0.83 200 x 100 Select a cable from the relevant Current Rating Table 27 such that the mV value from the voltage drop column is equal to or less than the 0.83 mV calculated, ensuring that it will carry the current. It will be seen that this value is 0.6 giving a cable size of 70mm2. However, 100 Amp load could be less than 80% current carrying capacity of 50mm2 cable, in which case of 50 mm 2 cable will suffice. Note: Please refer to pages 30 and 35 for additional information on voltage drop.
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RATING FACTORS
Where the conditions of installation differ from those defined in the current rating tables, the following rating factors may be used for cables size selection.
CABLES LAID DIRECTLY IN GROUND

Ratings for cables installed directly in the ground are based on values of soil temperature and soil thermal resistivity which are generally representative of conditions in the United Kingdom. Rating factors to take account of variation in ground temperatures are given in Table 2. Where conditions of operation can be fairly accurately estimated and knowledge of the soil along the route is available, it is possible to determine the ratings more precisely by the use of the soil thermal resistivity factors, grouping factors, and factors for the depths of laying given in Tables 3 to 6. These factors are more fully tabulated in ERA Report 69 - 30 Part II Tables 61 - 71.
Rating factors for ground temperature

Ground temperature Cable Type XLPE Insulated 1.0 0.97 0.93 15C 20C 25C 30C Rating factor 0.89 0.86 0.82 35C 40C
Table 2
45C
0.76
Rating factors for variation in thermal resistivity of soil (average values)

Size of cables mm
2
Table 3
Soil thermal resistivity in C m/W 0.8 1.16 1.17 1.17 0.9 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.0 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.5 0.91 0.91 0.91 2.0 0.81 0.80 0.80 2.5 0.73 0.73 0.73 3.0 0.66 0.66 0.66
Single core cables Up to 150 From 185 to 300 From 400 to 1000 Multicore cables Up to 16 From 25 to 150 From 185 to 500
1.12 1.14 1.15
1.08 1.10 1.10
1.05 1.06 1.07
0.93 0.92 0.92
0.84 0.82 0.81
0.77 0.75 0.74
0.72 0.69 0.67
In ERA Report 69-30 Part III, the types of load are classified under three headings, viz: Type A Cables carrying a constant load throughout the year. Type B Cables carrying varying loads, maximum in summer period. Type C Cables carrying varying loads, maximum in winter period. With knowledge of the type of load to be imposed on the cable it is then possible to determine the soil thermal resistivity along the cable route in accordance with recommendations in ERA Report 69-30.
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Rating factors for depth of laying (to centre of cable or trefoil group of cables)
Depth of laying m
0.50 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.50 3.00 or more
Table 4
600/1000 Volt Up to 50mm2 70mm2

to 300mm2 1.00 0.98 0.96 0.93 0.92 0.90 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.85 Above 300mm2
1900/3300 Volt
Up to 300mm 2 Above 300mm2
1.00 0.99 0.97 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.89
1.00 0.97 0.94 0.92 0.89 0.87 0.86 0.85 0.84 0.82
1.00 0.98 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.92 0.91 0.90
1.00 0.97 0.95 0.93 0.91 0.89 0.88 0.86
Group rating factors for circuits of three single core cables in trefoil or laid flat touching, in horizontal formation
Table 5
SPACING
SPACING
Number of Circuits Touching + Trefoil 2 3 4 5 6 2 3 4 5 6 0.78 0.66 0.61 0.56 0.53 0.78 0.66 0.59 0.55 0.52 Laid flat 0.81 0.70 0.64 0.60 0.57 0.80 0.68 0.62 0.58 0.55
Spacing of Circuits
0.15 m* 0.83 0.73 0.68 0.64 0.61 0.82 0.71 0.65 0.61 0.58
0.30 m 0.88 0.79 0.73 0.73 0.71 0.86 0.77 0.72 0.68 0.66
0.545 m 0.91 0.84 0.81 0.79 0.78 0.89 0.80 0.77 0.74 0.72
0.60 m 0.93 0.87 0.85 0.85 0.82 0.91 0.83 0.80 0.78 0.76
600/1000 Volt cables
1900/3300 Volt cables
* +
This spacing will not be possible for some of the larger diameter cables. For high current carrying cables (i.e. large size) it is advisable to allow spacing between circuits. Alternatively the most appropriate group rating factor must be applied when determining the cable size and required number of cables in parallel.
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Group rating factors for multicore cables in horizontal formation
Table 6
SPACING
Number of Cables in Group Spacing Touching+ 2 3 4 5 6 2 3 4 5 6 0.81 0.70 0.63 0.59 0.55 0.80 0.68 0.62 0.57 0.54 0.15 m 0.87 0.78 0.74 0.70 0.68 0.85 0.76 0.71 0.66 0.64 0.30 m 0.91 0.84 0.81 0.78 0.77 0.89 0.81 0.77 0.73 0.71 0.45 m 0.93 0.88 0.86 0.84 0.83 0.91 0.84 0.81 0.78 0.77 0.60 m 0.95 0.90 0.89 0.87 0.87 0.93 0.87 0.84 0.82 0.81
600/1000 volt cables
For high current carrying cables (i.e. large size) it is advisable to allow spacing between circuits. Alternatively the most appropriate group rating factor must be applied when determining the cable size and required number of cables in parallel.
CABLES INSTALLED IN DUCTS

The term ducts applies to single way earthenware, fibre or ferrous pipes.
Recommended duct dimensions and cable sizes

Overall cable diameter mm Up to and including 65 Above 65 up to and including 90 Inside diameter mm 100 125 Duct Outside diameter mm 130 160
Table 7
Ratings for cables installed in single way ducts, underground, have been based on values of soil temperature and soil thermal resistivity which are generally representative of conditions in the United Kingdom. Rating factors to take account of variations in ground temperatures are given in Table 3. Where conditions of operation can be fairly accurately estimated, and knowledge of the soil along the route is available, it is possible to determine the ratings more precisely by the use of estimated maximum ground temperature, the soil thermal resistivity factors, grouping factors, and factors for the depths of laying given in Tables 8 to 11.
Rating factors for ground temperature

Note: Same as for direct in ground, refer to Table 2.
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Rating factors of variation in thermal resistivity of soil (average values)

Size of cable mm2 Single Core Cable Up to 150 From 185 to 300 From 400 to 1000 Multicore Cables Up to 16 From 25 to 150 From 185 to 500 Soil thermal resistivity in C m/W 0.8 1.10 1.11 1.12 0.9 1.07 1.08 1.08 1.0 1.04 1.05 1.05 1.5 0.94 0.93 0.93 2.0 0.86 0.85 0.84 2.5 0.80 0.79 0.78
Table 8
3.0 0.76 0.75 0.74
1.04 1.06 1.07
1.03 1.04 1.05
1.02 1.03 1.03
0.97 0.95 0.95
0.92 0.90 0.88
0.88 0.85 0.83
0.86 0.81 0.78
Rating factors of depth of laying (to centre of duct or trefoil group of ducts)
Depth in laying m 0.50 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.50 3.00 or more Single Core 1.00 0.98 0.95 0.93 0.91 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.86 0.85 600/1000 Volt Multicore 1.00 0.99 0.98 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.94 0.93 0.92 0.91 1900/3300 Volt Single Core 1.00 0.98 0.95 0.93 0.92 0.90 0.89 0.88
Table 9
Multicore 1.00 0.99 0.97 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.92
Group rating factors for single core cables in trefoil single way ducts, horizontal formation (average values)
Number of Circuits
SPACING
Table 10
Spacing Touching + 2 3 4 5 6 2 3 4 5 6 0.87 0.78 0.74 0.70 0.69 0.85 0.75 0.70 0.67 0.64 0.45 m 0.91 0.84 0.81 0.79 0.78 0.88 0.80 0.77 0.74 0.72 0.60 m 0.93 0.87 0.85 0.83 0.82 0.90 0.83 0.80 0.78 0.76
600/1000 Volt Cables
1900/3300 Volt Cables
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Group rating factors for multicore cables in single way ducts, horizontal formation (average values)
Table 11
Number of Ducts in Ground Touching + 2 3 4 5 6 2 3 4 5 6 0.90 0.83 0.79 0.75 0.73 0.88 0.80 0.76 0.72 0.69 0.30 m 0.93 0.88 0.85 0.83 0.82 0.91 0.85 0.81 0.78 0.76
SPACING
Spacing 0.45 m 0.95 0.91 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.93 0.88 0.85 0.83 0.81 0.60 m 0.96 0.93 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.94 0.90 0.88 0.86 0.85
CABLES INSTALLED IN AIR

It is anticipated that many of the in air installations will be in buildings, and the ratings are therefore given in accordance with IEE Wiring Regulations for Electrical Installations, 16th Edition. It should be noted that all ratings for cables run in free air have been based on the assumption that they are shielded from the direct rays of the sun without restriction of ventilation. The rating for cables subjected to direct sunlight should be reduced to take account of this factor and further guidance on this subject is available on request.
Rating factors for other ambient air temperatures

Air Temperature XLPE Insulated 25C 1.04 30C 1.0 35C 0.96 40C 0.91 45C 0.87 50C 0.82
Table 12
55C 0.76
Defined conditions of installation

The in-aircurrent ratings given in relevant Tables between 18 to 34 are based on the installation conditions in air as follows:
(a) Single core cables

(1) Two single core cables are installed one above the other, fixed to the vertical surface of a wall or open cable trench, the distance between the wall and the surface of the cable being not less than 20mm. Cables are installed at a distance between centres of twice the overall diameter of the cable, i.e. 2D, where D = overall diameter of cable. (2) Three single core cables are installed in trefoil formation, fixed to the vertical surface of a wall or open cable trench, the cables touching throughout and the distance between the wall and the surface of the nearest cable being not less than 20mm. The cables are assumed to be remote from iron, steel or ferro-concrete, other than the cable supports. Single core armoured cables to be electrically bonded at each end of the run.
(b) Multicore Cables

Cables of all types other than single core cables are installed singly, fixed to the vertical surface of a wall or open cable trench, the distance between the surface of the cable and the wall being not less than 20 mm in every instance. If it is necessary for cables to be installed at distances less than those described above, then the values tabulated under the heading Clipped direct to a surface... in the IEE Wiring Regulations should be employed.
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SHORT CIRCUIT RATINGS CONDUCTORS

Table 13
Conductor size mm2 1.5 2.5 4 6 10 16 25 35 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 630 800 1000 Short circuit ratings for 1 second in KA Copper conductor Aluminium Conductor 0.21 0.36 0.57 0.86 1.43 2.29 3.58 5.00 7.15 10.01 13.59 17.16 21.45 26.46 34.32 42.90 57.20 90.09 114.40 143.00 0.14 0.24 0.38 0.56 0.94 1.50 2.35 3.29 4.70 6.58 8.93 11.28 14.10 17.39 22.56 28.20 37.60 59.22 75.20 94.00
Copper Conductors
0.5
Note:For any other duration tseconds divide the given value by t
0.1
The values of fault current given in the graph are based on the cable being fully loaded at the start of the short circuit (conductor temperature 90C) and a final conductor temperature of 250 C. It should be ensured that the accessories associated with the cables are also capable of operation at these values of fault current and temperature.
Aluminium Conductors
Note: With XLPE cables the use of soldered type connectors (instead of the compression type) is not recommended since their use in the system would limit the final conductor temperature to 160 C (and consequently reduce the fault current rating by approximately 30 per cent).
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SHORT CIRCUIT RATINGS ARMOUR

XLPE INSULATED CABLES
Armour Fault currents to earth (for a fault duration of 1 second)

Nominal Area of Conductor Aluminium Wire Armour 600/1000 V Single Core amp mm2 16 25 35 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 500 630 800 1000 * XLPE 4000* 4700* 5200* 5700* 6400 7100 7900 8800 12400 13800 15400 21300 23400 1900/3300 V Single Core amp XLPE 4700* 5200* 5700* 6100 6400 7100 7800 8500 12000 13300 14900 Two Core amp XLPE 1800 1900 2800 3100 3600 5100 Steel Wire Armour 600/1000 V Three Core amp XLPE 2000 2800 3200 3500 4100 5800 6400 9200 10100 11500 12300 Four Core amp XLPE 2200 3200 3600 4100 6000 6700 9400 10500 11700 13200 14600 20700 22500 Four Core (reduced neutral) amp XLPE 3200 3400 3900 5900 6600 7500 10000 11500 12800 13900 20700 22500 -
Table 14
1900/3300 V Three Core amp XLPE 3700 4200 4700 5600 6200 6900 9400 10100 10800 11900 13000 -
Based on wire diameters larger than those specified in BS 5467. Refer to Table 17, 33 and 35 for single core cable armour wire diameter 1. The ratings given in the Table above are based on a fault duration of one second and an armour temperature rise from 80C at commencement of the fault to a final temperature of 200C. The asymmetrical fault rating of the smaller sizes may be decided by the short circuit capability of the conductor rather than the armour rating. It is therefore necessary to compare the two ratings.
Notes:
2.
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17
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CONTRIBUTION BY CABLE TO EARTH FAULT LOOP IMPEDANCE

The following table gives the estimated impedance of copper phase conductor and steel wire armour in series, i.e. the contribution to earth fault loop impedance by the cable, allowing for the estimated increase in temperature due to the flow of the earth fault current. The earth fault current is taken to be that which gives interruption in 5 seconds when the protective device is a standard type having a rating not higher than the current rating of the cable.
600/1000 V
Contribution by cable to earth fault loop impedance milli ohms/metre 2 core 6.67 5.87 4.02 3.55 2.98 2.11 3 core 6.42 4.35 3.77 3.17 2.73 1.98 1.79 1.23 1.10 0.97 0.89 4 core 5.91 4.10 3.39 2.92 1.98 1.73 1.25 1.10 0.98 0.86 0.78 0.60
Table 16
Copper conductor, XLPE insulated armoured cables to BS 5467/BS6724

Conductor mm2 16 25 35 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 4 core (with reduced neutral) 4.10 3.52 3.05 2.10 1.73 1.49 1.14 1.00 0.88 0.81 0.72
Note: For information on maximum length of cable that meets the earth fault loop impedance requirement for 5 second disconnection, refer to Ducabs Technical Department.
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19
XLPE INSULATED CABLES TO BS 5467

DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHTS
STRANDED COPPER & ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS SINGLE CORE CABLES
600/1000 V
Nominal area of conductor mm2 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 500 630 800 1000
Unarmoured and armoured, PVC sheathed cables

Unarmoured Cables (approximate values) Armoured Cables (approximate values) Diameter under armour mm 12.6 14.5 16.4 18.0 19.8 22.0 24.6 27.3 31.2 36.0 40.0 45.8 50.8 Armour wire diameter mm 1.6* 1.6* 1.6* 1.6* 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 Cable diameter overall mm 18.4 20.2 22.3 24.2 27.4 30.0 32.8 35.6 40.5 44.2 48.8 55.4 60.6 Cable weight Aluminium kg/km 460 560 690 800 970 1150 1380 1640 2130 2610 3180 4230 5000 Cable diameter overall mm 14.2 16.2 18.3 20.2 22.4 24.7 27.7 30.6 34.2 38.0 42.9 47.8 53.0 Cable weight Aluminium kg/km 250 330 430 510 630 760 970 1190 1500 1900 2420 3120 3780 Cable weight Copper kg/km 540 760 1020 1270 1560 1930 2510 3120 3970 4980 6400 8210 10275
Table 17
Cable weight Copper kg/km 800 990 1280 1550 1900 2320 2930 3580 4600 5680 7160 9315 11490
Thickness of insulation mm 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8
Single core unarmoured cables are as per BS 7889. * Wire diameters are larger than those specified in BS 5467. Aluminium wire armour for AC system.
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CURRENT RATINGS (AC) STRANDED COPPER & ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS SINGLE CORE CABLES
600/1000 V
Armoured PVC sheathed cables

Stranded Copper Conductors
Current Ratings Approximate voltage drop per ampere per metre
3D
Table 18
Approximate voltage drop per ampere per metre
3D
Stranded Aluminium Conductors

Current Ratings
Nominal area of conductor
mm
Direct in ground amps 235 290 345 390 435 490 560 630 700 770 840 888 942
In single way ducts amps 235 280 330 370 405 440 500 550 580 620 670 692 735
Installed in air amps 222 285 346 402 463 529 625 720 815 918 1027 1119 1214
Ground mV 0.87 0.62 0.47 0.39 0.33 0.28 0.24 0.21 0.20 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.16
Duct mV 0.93 0.70 0.56 0.48 0.43 0.39 0.35 0.32 0.30 0.28 0.26 0.25 0.24
Air mV 0.87 0.62 0.47 0.39 0.33 0.28 0.24 0.21 0.20 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.16
Direct in ground amps 175 220 260 295 330 375 435 490 540 580 630
In single way ducts amps 180 220 260 295 330 365 410 455 480 510 540
Ground mV 1.40 0.98 0.72 0.58 0.48 0.39 0.31 0.27 0.35 0.31 0.28
Duct mV 1.60 1.00 0.79 0.66 0.57 0.49 0.42 0.38 0.38 0.35 0.32
Air mV 1.40 0.98 0.74 0.60 0.49 0.41 0.34 0.29 0.25 0.22 0.20
50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 500 630 800 1000
Installed in air amps 162 207 252 292 337 391 465 540 625 714 801
600/1000 V
Unarmoured PVC sheathed cables

Current Ratings Approximate voltage drop per ampere per metre
3D
Table 19
Approximate voltage drop per ampere per metre Ground mV 1.40 0.98 0.71 0.57 0.47 0.39 0.31 0.26 0.36 0.33 0.28 Duct mV 1.50 1.10 0.79 0.66 0.57 0.49 0.42 0.38 0.38 0.35 0.32 Air mV 1.45 0.98 0.73 0.59 0.47 0.39 0.32 0.27 0.23 0.20 0.19
Current Ratings
Nominal area of conductor
mm2
50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 500 630 800 1000
Ground mV 0.85 0.61 0.45 0.36 0.31 0.26 0.22 0.19 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.14
Duct mV 0.93 0.70 0.56 0.48 0.43 0.39 0.35 0.32 0.30 0.28 0.26 0.25 0.24
Air mV 0.87 0.61 0.45 0.37 0.31 0.26 0.22 0.20 0.18 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.14
3D
Direct in ground Trefoil touching Single way ducts - ducts touching Spacing in air - As shown above (D = Cable diameter)
Installation conditions for above ratings: Ambient air temperature:30C Ground temperature: 15C Depth of laying:0.5 m Soil thermal resistivity: 1.2C m/W Maximum conductor operating temperature at rated current is 90C For rating factors see Tables 2 to 6 and 8 to 12
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STRANDED COPPER & ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS TWO CORE CABLES
600/1000 V
Nominal area of conductor mm2 16* 25* 35* 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 Thickness of insulation mm 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8

Unarmoured Cables (approximate values) Cable diameter overall mm 17.0 20.2 22.5 20.4 23.1 26.5 28.4 31.7 35.1 40.3 44.3 Cable weight Aluminium kg/km Cable weight Copper kg/km 475 740 955 1100 1520 2050 2610 3220 4030 5200 6430 Diameter under armour mm 15.2 18.5 21.5 18.7 21.5 24.6 26.8 29.7 33.3 38.1 42.3 Armoured Cables (approximate values) Armour wire diameter mm 1.25 1.25 1.60 1.60 1.60 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.50 2.50 2.50 Cable diameter overall mm 20.4 24.1 27.7 25.8 29.0 33.1 36.1 39.3 44.7 49.0 53.5 Cable weight Aluminium kg/km
Table 20
Cable weight Copper kg/km 900 1240 1710 1800 2320 3150 3880 4820 5920 7300 8770
415 480 497 690 850 1170 1450 1810 2280 2760
915 1255 1430 1780 1950 2440 3050 3690 4380 5100
* Circular conductor, all others are sector shaped Note: Unarmoured cables are as per IEC 60502 (Part 1)
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CURRENT RATINGS (AC) STRANDED COPPER & ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS TWO CORE CABLES
600/1000 V

Current Ratings Approximate voltage drop per ampere per metre Ground mV 2.9 1.9 1.3 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 Duct mV 2.9 1.9 1.3 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 Air mV 2.9 1.9 1.3 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 Direct in ground amps 135 165 195 240 288
Table 21
Current Ratings In single way ducts amps 110 130 155 195 237 Installed in air amps 112 138 166 211 254
Nominal area of conductor mm2 16* 25* 35* 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300
Ground mV 3.1 2.2 1.7 1.1 0.8
Duct mV 3.1 2.2 1.7 1.1 0.8
Air mV 3.1 2.2 1.7 1.1 0.8
* Circular conductor, all others are sector shaped
600/1000 V

Current Ratings Approximate voltage drop per ampere per metre Ground mV 2.9 1.9 1.3 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 Duct mV 2.9 1.9 1.3 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 Air mV 2.9 1.9 1.3 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 Direct in ground amps 135 165 195 240 285
Table 22
Current Ratings In single way ducts amps 105 130 150 195 235 Installed in air amps 108 135 164 211 257
Nominal area of conductor mm2 16* 25* 35* 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300
Ground mV 3.1 2.2 1.7 1.2 0.8
Duct mV 3.1 2.2 1.7 1.2 0.8
Air mV 3.1 2.2 1.7 1.2 0.8
Direct in ground Cables touching Single way ducts - ducts touching * Circular conductors, all others are sector shaped Note: (1) 50 mm2 and above are with D-shaped conductor (2) Unarmoured cables are as per IEC:60502 (part 1)
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STRANDED COPPER & ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS THREE CORE CABLES
600/1000 V
Nominal area of conductor mm2 16* 25* 35* 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 Thickness of insulation mm 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0

Unarmoured Cables (approximate values) Cable diameter overall mm 18.0 21.5 24.0 24.6 28.0 31.0 34.8 38.5 44.0 49.5 53.5 59.2 Cable weight Aluminium kg/km 500 610 740 1050 1170 1440 2300 2750 3020 3660 3730 Cable weight Copper kg/km 675 990 1295 1640 2220 2980 3730 5195 6470 8380 10420 11575 Diameter under armour mm 16.0 20.0 22.7 23.0 26.0 30.0 32.8 36.8 41.5 46.0 51.5 56.4 Armoured Cables (approximate values) Armour wire diameter mm 1.25 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Cable diameter overall mm 21.6 26.7 29.4 28.5 32.2 37.0 40.4 45.5 49.8 55.1 60.2 66.6 Cable weight Aluminium kg/km 1220 1415 1550 1810 2500 2870 3660 4320 5170 6100 7050
Table 23
Cable weight Copper kg/km 1130 1710 2100 2450 3120 4310 5160 7160 8600 10755 13080 15810
* Circular conductors, all others are sector shaped. Note: Unarmoured cables are as per IEC 60502 (Part 1)
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CURRENT RATINGS (AC) STRANDED COPPER & ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS THREE CORE CABLES
600/1000 V

Current Ratings Approximate voltage drop per ampere per metre Ground mV 2.5 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 Duct mV 2.5 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 Air mV 2.5 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 Direct in ground amps 89 115 135 165 200 240 275 310 350 410 460 520
Table 24

Current Ratings In single way ducts amps 72 94 110 135 165 200 230 255 295 340 385 443 Installed in air amps 74 98 120 145 185 224 264 305 350 418 488 562
Nominal area of conductor mm2 16 25 35 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400
Direct in ground amps 115 150 180 215 265 315 360 405 460 530 590 667
In single way ducts amps 94 125 150 175 215 260 300 335 380 440 495 570
Installed in air amps 99 131 162 197 251 304 353 406 463 546 628 728
Ground mV 4.2 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2
Duct mV 4.2 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2
Air mV 4.2 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2
600/1000 V

Current Ratings Approximate voltage drop per ampere per metre Installed in air amps 100 127 158 192 246 298 346 399 456 538 621 741 Ground mV 2.5 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 Duct mV 2.5 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 Air mV 2.5 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 Direct in ground amps 115 135 165 200 240 275 310 350 415 465 523
Table 25
Approximate voltage drop per ampere per metre Ground mV 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 Duct mV 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 Air mV 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2

Current Ratings In single way ducts amps 92 110 135 165 195 225 255 290 340 385 443 Installed in air amps 97 120 146 187 227 263 304 347 409 471 570
Nominal area of conductor mm2 16 25 35 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400
Direct in ground amps 120 145 180 215 265 315 365 405 465 540 600 675
In single way ducts amps 93 125 145 175 215 255 300 330 380 440 500 575
Direct in ground Cables touching Single way ducts - ducts touching Note: Unarmoured cables are as per IEC 60502 (Part 1)
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STRANDED COPPER & ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS FOUR CORE CABLES
600/1000 V
Nominal area of conductor mm2 16* 25 35 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 500# Thickness of insulation mm 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.2

Unarmoured Cables (approximate values) Cable diameter overall mm 20.0 21.0 24.5 26.5 31.0 35.2 39.0 43.5 49.0 54.5 61.0 67.5 74.2 Cable weight Aluminium kg/km 520 650 900 1210 1550 1910 2410 2990 3890 4730 5780 7500 Cable weight Copper kg/km 780 1160 1540 2100 2950 3970 4960 6160 7690 10070 12490 15620 19900 Diameter under armour mm 18.0 20.0 22.8 25.5 29.5 33.5 37.5 41.5 46.0 52.5 57.5 65.0 72.6 Armoured Cables (approximate values) Armour wire diameter mm 1.25 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.15 3.15 Cable diameter overall mm 23.4 26.1 28.6 32.0 37.7 41.7 47.1 51.4 56.6 63.0 68.8 78.1 82.0 Cable weight Aluminium kg/km 1200 1420 1770 2500 2980 3950 4600 5430 6660 7770 10380 12200
Table 26
Cable weight Copper kg/km 1320 1840 2310 2970 4240 5400 7000 8350 10130 12840 15530 19950 24360
* Circular conductors, all others are sector shaped. # Cable as per IEC 60502 (Part 1) Note: Unarmoured cables are as per IEC 60502 (Part 1)
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CURRENT RATINGS (AC) STRANDED COPPER & ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS FOUR CORE CABLES
600/1000 V

Current Ratings Approximate voltage drop per ampere per metre Ground mV 2.5 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Duct mV 2.5 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Air mV 2.5 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Direct in ground amps 89 115 135 165 200 240 275 310 350 410 460 520 561
Table 27

Current Ratings In single way ducts amps 72 94 110 135 165 200 230 255 295 340 385 443 470 Installed in air amps 74 98 120 145 185 224 264 305 350 418 488 562 618
Ground mV 4.2 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
Duct mV 4.2 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
Air mV 4.2 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
600/1000 V

Current Ratings Approximate voltage drop per ampere per metre Installed in air amps 100 127 158 192 246 298 346 399 456 538 621 741 814 Ground mV 2.5 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Duct mV 2.5 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Air mV 2.5 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Direct in ground amps 89 115 135 165 200 240 275 310 350 415 465 523 565
Table 28
Current Ratings In single way ducts amps 72 92 110 135 165 195 225 255 290 340 385 443 470 Installed in air amps 74 97 120 146 187 227 263 304 347 409 471 570 626
Ground mV 4.2 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
Duct mV 4.2 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
Air mV 4.2 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
Direct in ground Cables touching Single way ducts - ducts touching Note: Unarmoured cables are as per IEC 60502 (Part 1)
Installation conditions for above ratings: Ambient air temperature: 30C Ground temperature: 15C Depth of laying: 0.5 m Soil thermal resistivity: 1.2C m/W Maximum conductor operating temperature at rated current is 90C For rating factors see Tables 2 to 6 and 8 to 12
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STRANDED COPPER & ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS FOUR CORE CABLES WITH REDUCED NEUTRAL CONDUCTOR
600/1000 V
Nominal area of conductor mm2 25 35 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 500#

Unarmoured Cables (approximate values) Cable diameter overall mm 21.4 23.2 26.1 30.4 34.8 39.4 42.5 47.7 53.4 59.0 67.0 74.0 Cable weight Aluminium kg/km 860 1080 1390 1820 2190 2630 3500 4240 5560 6700 Cable weight Copper kg/km 1070 1360 1920 2610 3500 4540 5440 6760 8900 11000 13900 17560 Diameter under armour mm 19.1 22.0 24.5 28.5 32.0 35.5 39.5 43.5 50.2 55.0 62.5 68.8 Armour wire diameter mm 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.15 3.15 Cable diameter overall mm 26.1 27.9 31.2 36.6 41.0 45.3 50.0 55.3 61.1 66.7 73.8 83.9 Cable weight Aluminium kg/km 1710 2340 2800 3340 4360 5020 6220 7220 9950 11200
Table 29
Cable weight Copper kg/km 1750 2130 2770 3870 4910 6060 7610 9150 11620 13980 18250 22000
Armoured Cables (approximate values)
Nominal Thickness of area of insulation neutral (phase) conductor mm mm2 16* 16* 25* 35 50 70 70* 95 120* 150* 185* 240* 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.2
* Circular stranded conductors, all others are sector shaped. # Cable as per IEC 60502 (Part 1) Note: Unarmoured cables are as per IEC 60502 (Part 1)
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CURRENT RATINGS (AC) STRANDED COPPER & ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS FOUR CORE CABLES WITH REDUCED NEUTRAL CONDUCTOR
600/1000 V
Nominal Nominal area of area of conductor neutral conductor

Current Ratings Direct in In single Installed in air ground way ducts amps 150 180 215 265 315 360 405 460 530 590 667 720 amps 125 150 175 215 260 300 335 380 440 495 570 605 amps 131 162 197 251 304 353 406 463 546 628 728 800 Approximate voltage drop per ampere per metre Ground Duct Air
Table 30

Current Ratings Direct in In single ground way ducts amps 115 135 165 200 240 275 310 350 410 460 520 561 amps 94 110 135 165 200 230 255 295 340 385 443 470 Installed in air amps 98 120 145 185 224 264 305 350 418 488 562 618
Ground
Duct
Air
mm2 25 35 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 500
mm2 16* 16* 25* 35 50 70 70* 95 120* 150* 185* 240*
mV 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
mV 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
mV 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
mV 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
mV 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
mV 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
* Circular conductors, all others are sector shaped.
600/1000 V

Approximate voltage drop per ampere per metre Ground Duct Air Current Ratings Direct in In single ground way ducts amps 115 135 165 200 240 275 310 350 415 465 523 565 amps 92 110 135 165 195 225 255 290 340 385 443 470 Installed in air amps 97 120 146 187 227 263 304 347 409 471 570 626
Table 31
Approximate voltage drop per ampere per metre Ground Duct Air
Nominal Nominal area of area of Current Ratings conductor neutral conductor Direct in In single Installed ground way ducts in air mm2 25 35 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 500 mm2 16* 16* 25* 35 50 70 70* 95 120* 150* 185* 240* amps 145 180 215 265 315 365 405 465 540 600 675 730 amps 125 145 175 215 255 300 330 380 440 500 575 610 amps 127 158 192 246 298 346 399 456 538 621 741 814
mV 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
mV 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
mV 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
mV 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
mV 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
mV 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
Direct in ground Cables touching Single way ducts - ducts touching * Circular conductors, all others are sector shaped Note: Unarmoured cables are as per IEC 60502 (Part 1)
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29

CURRENT RATINGS (AC) AND VOLT DROPS
600/1000 V
STRANDED COPPER CONDUCTORS Three and four core armoured, PVC sheathed cables
Conductor Current Voltage Current size in air drop in ground mm2 A mV/A/m A 251 240 230 220 210 195 185 170 150 0.607 0.599 0.589 0.580 0.572 0.562 0.554 0.545 0.536 265 260 250 245 235 225 215 205 195
Table 32
Conductor Current Voltage Current in air drop in ground size mm2 A mV/A/m A 99 97 93 89 84 80 74 68 62 2.50 2.50 2.47 2.43 2.39 2.35 2.31 2.27 2.23 115 112 110 105 100 97 94 89 84
Conductor Current Voltage Current size in air drop in ground mm2 A mV/A/m A 463 450 430 415 395 370 345 320 290 0.255 0.252 0.249 0.246 0.243 0.240 0.237 0.235 0.232 460 450 435 420 405 390 375 355 335
16
70
185
25
131 130 125 120 110 105 99 91 82
1.65 1.59 1.56 1.54 1.51 1.49 1.46 1.44 1.41
150 145 140 135 130 125 120 115 110
95
304 295 290 270 255 240 225 210 190
0.446 0.439 0.433 0.427 0.421 0.415 0.408 0.402 0.396
315 305 300 290 280 270 255 245 230
240
546 530 510 490 465 440 410 375 340
0.211 0.208 0.206 0.204 0.203 0.200 0.199 0.197 0.195
530 515 500 485 470 450 430 410 385
35
162 155 150 145 135 130 120 110 100 197 190 180 175 165 155 145 135 120
1.15 1.15 1.13 1.11 1.09 1.08 1.06 1.04 1.02
180 175 170 165 160 150 145 140 130
120
353 340 325 310 300 280 260 240 215
0.366 0.357 0.352 0.347 0.342 0.337 0.333 0.328 0.323
360 350 340 330 320 305 295 280 260
300
628 605 580 555 530 500 465 430 390
0.185 0.183 0.181 0.180 0.179 0.177 0.176 0.174 0.174
590 575 560 540 520 500 480 455 430
50
0.865 0.852 0.839 0.826 0.813 0.800 0.787 0.774 0.761
215 210 200 195 190 185 175 165 155
150
406 395 375 365 345 325 305 280 250
0.303 0.299 0.295 0.292 0.288 0.284 0.280 0.277 0.273
405 395 385 370 360 345 330 315 295
400
728 715 685 655 620 585 545 500 450
0.166 0.163 0.162 0.161 0.160 0.159 0.158 0.157 0.156
667 640 620 600 580 560 535 505 475
Installation conditions for above ratings: Ambient temperature:30C Ground Temperature: 15C 30
Soil Thermal resistivity:1.2Cm/W Depth of laying: 0.5m
BICC

1900/3300 V
Armoured PVC Sheathed Cables

Approximate Values Approximate Values Cable diameter overall mm 20.6 22.4 24.3 27.2 28.8 30.8 33.5 36.1 40.5 44.2 48.8 55.4 60.6 Cable weight copper kg/km 810 1040 1330 1680 1970 2370 2960 3610 4600 5680 7160 9150 11270 Nominal area of conductor mm2 16+ 25+ 35+ 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 Thickness of insulation mm 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Diameter under armour mm 21.5 24.5 26.5 25.2 28.4 31.0 36.6 38.5 42.5 47.8 51.4 Armour wire diameter mm 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 -
Table 33
Stranded Copper Conductors - Single core cables
Stranded Copper Conductors - Three core cables
Nominal Thickness area of of conductor insulation 2 mm mm 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 500 630 800 1000 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8
Diameter under armour mm 15.0 16.6 18.4 19.8 21.2 23.0 25.5 27.7 31.0 36.0 40.0 45.8 50.8
Armour^ wire diameter mm 1.6* 1.6* 1.6* 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5
Cable diameter overall mm 29.3 32.2 34.8 34.7 38.0 41.4 45.7 48.5 51.9 56.9 61.2 -
Cable weight copper kg/km 1600 2060 2400 3200 3800 4730 6070 7010 8270 10310 12300 -
+ Circular conductors, all others are sector shaped
CURRENT RATINGS
1900/3300 V
Nominal area of conductor mm2 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 500 630 800 1000 Direct in ground amps 222 271 324 366 409 460 528 589 651 720 789 831 880
Armoured PVC Sheathed Cables

In single way ducts amps 219 264 310 342 376 414 464 506 535 579 624 650 689 Installed in air amps 228 285 350 407 463 528 623 710 808 915 1030 1119 1214 Nominal area of conductor mm2 16 25 35 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 Direct in ground amps 114 147 175 207 254 304 345 387 436 502 563 In single way ducts amps 96 124 147 174 214 257 293 328 371 428 480 -
Table 34
Installed in air amps 106 142 168 202 255 312 361 410 471 554 634 -
Stranded Copper Conductors - Single core cables
Stranded Copper Conductors - Three core cables
Direct in ground Trefoil touching Single way ducts - ducts touching Spacing in air - As shown above (D=Cable diameter) *Wire diameters are larger than those specified in BS 5467 ^Aluminium wire armour for AC system
Installation conditions for above ratings: Ambient air temperature: 30C Ground temperature: 15C Depth of laying: 0.5 m Soil thermal resistivity: 1.2C m/W Maximum conductor operating temperature at rated current is 90C For rating factors see Tables 2 to 6 and 8 to 12
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31

DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHTS Lead Sheathed Armoured Power Cables to BS 5467 and EEMUA 133
600/1000 V
Nominal area of conductor mm2
50* 70* 95* 120* 150 185 240 300 400 500 630 800 1000 16 25 35+ 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 16 25 35 50+ 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 16 25+ 35 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400
Table 35
Approximate diameter Nominal lead sheath thickness mm
1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.5
Over lead mm
13.0 15.0 16.8 18.5 20.5 22.8 25.5 28.1 32.3 37.0 40.8 47.5 52.5 15.5 18.9 21.3 19.0 22.2 24.8 27.2 30.3 33.7 38.9 42.9 16.5 20.5 23.0 24.0 26.5 30.5 33.5 37.8 42.8 48.2 52.2 57.8 18.8 20.5 23.2 26.2 30.5 34.8 37.8 43.2 47.8 53.8 58.5 65.9
Armour Wire mm
1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.0 2..0 2.0 2.5 2.5 1.25 1.25 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.25 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.25 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.15
Overall cable mm
20.8 22.6 24.5 26.2 28.5 30.8 33.5 36.4 41.8 46.6 50.8 59.2 64.2 21.8 25.5 29.4 27.2 30.5 34.5 37.8 41.1 46.3 51.7 56.3 23.0 28.6 31.2 32.0 35.0 40.5 43.5 49.4 54.5 60.2 65.2 71.8 25.5 28.5 31.3 34.6 40.5 44.8 49.8 55.0 60.0 66.5 72.5 82.6
Approx. weight kg/km

1300 1620 2040 2380 2840 3365 4180 5060 6400 8000 9720 12700 15400 1540 2060 2670 2640 3400 4530 5170 6120 7710 9650 11510 1750 2650 3220 3630 4560 6110 7300 8980 10870 13500 16150 19550 2120 2800 3430 4260 5850 7340 9400 11280 13600 17000 20150 26100
* Cable with 1.6mm wire armour, a deviation from BS 5467. Tolerance on the above dimensions are -0.3mm and +0.5mm. Cable sizes marked + and higher have sector shaped conductors.
Lead sheath thicknesses are nominal values based on EEMUA 133. For 2 core cables, 50 mm2 and above have D-shaped conductors.
32
BICC

1900/3300 V
Table 36 Lead Sheathed Armoured Power Cables to BS 5467 and EEMUA 133
Nominal area of conductor mm2 16 25 35 50+ 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 Approximate diameter Nominal lead sheath thickness mm 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2 Over lead mm 22.9 26.1 28.6 29.8 31.1 32.7 38.0 39.8 43.8 48.9 53.3 Armour Wire mm 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Overall cable mm 31.8 34.9 37.6 40.2 41.7 43.5 50.4 52.7 56.6 62.3 66.9 Approx. weight kg/km 2750 3412 4045 4822 5560 6582 8440 9540 11272 13819 16456
+ Cable sizes 50 mm 2 and higher have sector shaped conductors.

RESISTANCE OF LEAD SHEATH AND ARMOUR
1900/3300 V
Table 37 Lead Sheathed Armoured Power Cables to BS 5467 and EEMUA 133
Maximum Resistance (ohms) per 1000 metres of cable at 20C 600/1000 V Single core Lead Armour 8.14 6.63 6.01 5.24 4.56 4.07 3.30 3.03 2.48 2.03 1.86 1.41 1.16 0.98 0.76 0.65 0.62 0.54 0.50 0.47 0.42 0.39 0.35 0.32 0.29 0.26 0.24 0.17 0.15 0.13 0.09 0.08 Two core Lead Armour 8.98 7.56 6.37 5.85 4.91 4.29 3.21 2.60 3.19 2.52 2.10 1.89 1.58 1.33 1.02 0.87 6.21 5.51 4.88 4.59 4.01 3.10 2.64 1.69 1.88 1.64 1.14 1.04 0.95 0.69 0.61 0.55 Three core Lead Armour 8.54 7.09 6.27 5.40 4.71 4.11 2.96 2.41 2.37 1.95 1.60 1.32 1.13 0.89 0.76 0.62 0.53 5.96 5.26 4.81 4.31 2.93 2.64 1.58 1.42 1.40 1.27 0.87 0.78 0.58 0.52 0.47 0.42 0.39 Four core Lead Armour 7.72 6.29 5.41 4.91 4.10 3.31 2.93 2.38 1.96 1.59 1.30 1.11 0.88 0.75 0.61 0.53 0.43 5.59 4.84 4.31 3.02 2.63 2.36 1.57 1.41 1.27 0.87 0.77 0.57 0.51 0.47 0.42 0.38 0.26 1900/3300 V Three core Lead Armour 2.42 1.97 1.68 1.61 1.54 1.37 1.10 1.00 0.86 0.73 0.61 0.53 1.37 1.22 1.13 0.84 0.81 0.77 0.54 0.52 0.48 0.43 0.40 0.37 -
Nominal area of conductor mm2 1.5 2.5 4 6 10 16 25 35 50 70 95 120 150 185 240 300 400 500 630 800 1000
Note: Single core cables with Aluminium Wire Armour and Multicore cables with Steel Wire Armour
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33
ADVANTAGES OF XLPE INSULATED CABLES

1. Does not soften beyond the normal range of conductor operating temperatures and is called THERMOSETTING insulation. 2. Due to greater capacity to withstand heat, the permissible maximum continuous conductor operating temperature is 90C and for momentary short circuits the permissible temperature is 250C. 3. Higher insulation strength and superior mechanical properties allow lower insulation thickness. The insulation resistance value of the cable does not appreciably change with conductor operating temperature. 4. XLPE insulation dissipates heat from conductors much faster as its thermal resistivity is 3.5C m/W. 5. Heat generation in the insulation itself is low due to very low loss angle. 6. Due to the foregoing reasons, an XLPE cable can carry 15% to 30% higher current than a PVC cable with the same conductor size. 7. Density of XLPE is 0.92 to 0.94 gm/ml and due to lower insulation thickness, XLPE insulated cables are lighter and easier to install. 8. Jointing and terminating of XLPE insulated cables does not require any special techniques.
LSF CABLES
Ducab can manufacture a dedicated cable called LSF (Low Smoke and Fume) for installations where fire and its associated problems - the emission of smoke and toxic fumes - offer a serious potential threat. LSF compound is free from halogens (fluorine, chlorine and bromine) and when tested to BS 6425 Part 1 and IEC 754 Part 1 the acidic gas evolved during combustion is less than 0.5% by weight of material. Furthermore, when tested in accordance with BS 2782 Method 141D, the oxygen index of both bedding and sheath will not be less than 30. These cables comply with BS 6724 and also meet the requirements of IEC 332 Part 3. LSF Cable:

is slow to ignite,burns slowly and gives off reduced smoke and fumes which can kill people does not produce corrosive halogen acid gases which destroy sensitive electronic equipment helps people to escape from a fire - helps them to see and to breathe for longer wins time for people to escape and for emergency services to help is essential in public buildings, transport or confined areas where larger numbers of people - many of them strangers to the surroundings or infirm - regularly congregate Some of the key benefits of LSF cables are as follows:
... to the Public much improved safety margins to help them survive a fire situation in enclosed areas or high population, high-tech commercial offices in which they might work or visit ... to the Specifier enhanced fire damage protection for both structure and sensitive electronic equipment demonstrates proper concern for public and environmental safety ... to the Contractor
no loss of versatility can be installed wherever conventional cables would be used and are compatible with standard accessories
WHICH SITUATIONS DEMAND LSF CABLE?

LSF cables should be used in any location where the outbreak of fire would constitute an immediate threat to life and to the performance of sensitive electronic equipment. LSF cables with their slow burning and no-smoke qualities are most essential in high populationpublic or commercial buildings, enclosed areas such as tunnels or public transport, or places where large numbers of people, perhaps unfamiliar with their surroundings or with limited mobility, congregate - for example: - places which are densely occupied on a regular basis - multi storey dwellings, office blocks, hotels, educational establishments, factories. - places where large number of people congregate without being familiar with the layout - cinemas, theatres, shopping complexes, tunnels, underground and surface passenger terminals and concourses. - for housing people with limited mobility - hospitals, retirement homes. - places involving high security - defence installations, prisons, research establishments, computer centres - where operating critical processes - power stations, nuclear reprocessing petro-chemical installations. Note: For technical data for LSF cables, please refer to Technical Department.
34
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XLPE CABLE DATA FOR PARTIAL LOADS

For installations where XLPE insulated cables are not fully loaded and conductor operating temperatures are below 90C.
The current ratings given in relevant tables of this publication assume that cables are fully loaded i.e. conductor operating temperature is 90C and conductor resistances at this temperature have been used in the tabulated figures of volt drop per ampere per metre for various sizes of cables. In many situations the conductor size which is ultimately chosen may not be carrying its maximum permissible current (i.e. its full rated current) and consequently it will not be operating at its maximum designed temperature. Table 32 shows the reduced voltage drop / ampere/metre/ data corresponding to reduced operating temperature due to reduced load currents. The first line is applicable to 90C conductor temperature. Examples are given below to illustrate situations where over-designing can be avoided. Standard conditions in the following refer to those obtained in the United Kingdom on which the current rating /voltage drop tables are based. For situations other than standard conditions such as those in the Middle East, suitable rating factors can be applied for utilising data in Table 32 as shown in example (3) in the following: It should also be ensured that the cable size ultimately selected is capable of carrying the required current under site conditions of installation. Formula Vd = mV x I x L or mV = Vd x 1000 1000 IxL where Vd = maximum acceptable volt drop (in volts) I = current per phase (in amps) mV = appropriate volt drop (in mV/amp/metre) L = route length (in metres) Examples: At standard defined conditions: 1) Consider a route of 120 metres of four core copper XLPE/SWA/PVC to be installed in air (at standard conditions) and to carry 300 amps per phase at 415 volts. Maximum voltage drop to be 2.5 per cent. 2.5 per cent of 415 V = 10.4 V Substitute for current, route length and maximum volt drop mV = 10.4 x 1000 = 0.289 mV/A/m 300 x 120 From Table 32, the first line of figures per conductor size (corresponding to IEE Wiring Regulations) and giving a voltage drop value less than 0.289 is 185 mm 2. By studying the table to find a voltage drop value equal to, or less than the 0.289 calculated, but at the same time representing the 300 A load required, it will be seen that a voltage drop of 0.280 corresponds to a current of 305 A and a reduced conductor size of 150 mm2. Therefore it is possible to select a 150 mm2 cable rather than the 185 mm2 cable first indicated. The actual volt drop of this installation is Vd = 300 x 120 x 0.280 = 10.1 V 1000 2) Consider a route of 130 metres of four core copper XLPE /SWA/PVC cable to be installed partly in air, partly underground, and to carry 260 amps per phase at 380 V. Maximum voltage drop to be 3 per cent. 3 per cent of 380 V = 11.4 V Substitute for current, route length and maximum volt drop mV = 11.4 x 1000 = 0.337 mV/A/m 260 x 130 Selecting a voltage drop corresponding to the maximum rating the size would be 150 mm2 but selecting from Table 32 such that mV/A/m is equal to, or less than the 0.337 calculated and is capable of carrying 260 A (in ground and in air), it will be seen that this value is 0.333 for a 120 mm2 cable (instead of 150 mm 2). and the actual voltage drop = 260 x 130 x 0.333 = 11.3 V 1000 (See Tables 2 to 12 for site conditions other than standard defined conditions) Examples: At site conditions other than standard defined conditions 3) Consider example (1) but at an ambient temperature of 45C. Derating factor for this temp. = 0.87 (see Table 12). Using this factor, calculate the equivalent currentat standard conditions by dividing the actual current by the derating factor. Thus equivalent current = 300 = 345 A 0.87 and from previous example (1) the mV/A/m figure needs to be 0.289 or less. Selecting a cable from Max Rating figures as previously - the cable would be 185 mm2. However selecting from Table 32 with a current of 345A and a volt drop of 0.289 (or less), gives a cable size of 150 mm2 with a voltage drop value of 0.288 mV/A/m at 345A. (instead of the 185 mm2). and the actual voltage drop = 300 x 120 x 0.288 = 10.4 V 1000
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35
XLPE INSULATED CABLE TO BS 5467

600/1000 V STRANDED COPPER CONDUCTORS Table 38
36
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37
Advanced Cable Solutions Through Technology and Innovation
Dubai Cable Company (Pvt) Ltd P O Box 11529 Dubai United Arab Emirates Tel: (971-4) 808 2500 Fax: (971-4) 808 2511 email: [email protected] website: www.ducab.ae
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Advanced Cable Solutions Through Technology and Innovation

LOW VOLTAGE XLPE INSULATED POWER CABLES

600/1000V rated, Copper and Aluminium Conductors........................................................... 20-31

TECHNICAL ADVISORY SERVICE

Quality Management System Certified to ISO 9001

Environmental Management System Certified to ISO 14001

SPECIFICATION AND CONSTRUCTION

SALIENT FEATURES OF DUCAB CABLE DESIGN

Minimum installation radius

Armoured Single Core Cables for AC Operation

CABLE SUPPORT SPACING

IEE Wiring Regulations 16th edition - requirement for cables

CABLES LAID DIRECTLY IN GROUND

Rating factors for ground temperature

Rating factors for variation in thermal resistivity of soil (average values)

1.12 1.14 1.15

1.08 1.10 1.10

1.05 1.06 1.07

0.93 0.92 0.92

0.84 0.82 0.81

0.77 0.75 0.74

0.72 0.69 0.67

600/1000 Volt Up to 50mm2 70mm2

1.00 0.98 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.92 0.91 0.90

1.00 0.97 0.95 0.93 0.91 0.89 0.88 0.86

600/1000 Volt cables

1900/3300 Volt cables

Group rating factors for multicore cables in horizontal formation

600/1000 volt cables

1900/3000 volt cables

CABLES INSTALLED IN DUCTS

Recommended duct dimensions and cable sizes

Rating factors for ground temperature

Rating factors of variation in thermal resistivity of soil (average values)

3.0 0.76 0.75 0.74

1.04 1.06 1.07

1.03 1.04 1.05

1.02 1.03 1.03

0.97 0.95 0.95

0.92 0.90 0.88

0.88 0.85 0.83

0.86 0.81 0.78

Multicore 1.00 0.99 0.97 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.92

600/1000 Volt Cables

1900/3300 Volt Cables

600/1000 volt cables

1900/3000 volt cables

CABLES INSTALLED IN AIR

Rating factors for other ambient air temperatures

Defined conditions of installation

(a) Single core cables

(b) Multicore Cables

SHORT CIRCUIT RATINGS CONDUCTORS

Note:For any other duration tseconds divide the given value by t

SHORT CIRCUIT RATINGS ARMOUR

Armour Fault currents to earth (for a fault duration of 1 second)

CONTRIBUTION BY CABLE TO EARTH FAULT LOOP IMPEDANCE

Copper conductor, XLPE insulated armoured cables to BS 5467/BS6724

XLPE INSULATED CABLES TO BS 5467

STRANDED COPPER & ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS SINGLE CORE CABLES