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𝐆𝐑𝐈𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐒 𝐈𝐌𝐏𝐎𝐑𝐓𝐀𝐍𝐂𝐄, 𝐑𝐔𝐋𝐄𝐒, 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐀𝐓𝐄𝐆𝐎𝐑𝐈𝐄𝐒 Traditional power systems rely heavily on synchronous generators, which are large and centralized and provide system inertia while supplying significant power to the transmission grid. However, modern electricity systems are shifting towards a diverse mix of distributed and decentralized generation assets, including renewable technologies like 𝘴𝘰𝘭𝘢𝘳 𝘗𝘝 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘸𝘪𝘯𝘥 𝘱𝘰𝘸𝘦𝘳. These renewable energy sources (RES) are sustainable and cost-effective, but their intermittent and location-dependent nature presents operational challenges as they replace conventional synchronous generators. As power systems evolve in operation and structure, there is a growing need for improved monitoring, control, and coordination of diverse assets, each with specific roles at different times. This evolution involves multiple stakeholders, including 𝐢𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐩𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐩𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐞𝐫𝐬 (𝐈𝐏𝐏𝐬) for renewables, regulators, and planners. The system operator is responsible for real-time monitoring and control. Effective coordination among these actors and assets requires credible regulations or principles, such as grid codes, to guide their conduct. 𝐆𝐫𝐢𝐝 𝐜𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐬 𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐡 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐭𝐞𝐜𝐡𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐫𝐞𝐠𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐛𝐞𝐡𝐚𝐯𝐢𝐨𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐝𝐬 for all power system participants, including generators, adjustable loads, storage, and other assets. These codes ensure system security, facilitating the integration of distributed RES generators and enabling private sector participation. Grid codes aim to enhance coordination, transparency, reliability, and RES integration, covering various aspects of the power system such as 𝘮𝘢𝘳𝘬𝘦𝘵𝘴, 𝘰𝘱𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯, 𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘯𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘯𝘦𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯. We will focus later on 𝐠𝐫𝐢𝐝 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐧𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐜𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐬, detailing the minimum technical requirements RES generation plants must meet for grid access. It also explores advanced grid code trends to accommodate increasing RES penetration and the related shifts towards decentralization, digitalization, and electrification of end-use sectors. 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐜𝐭 𝐮𝐬 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐟𝐮𝐫𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐝𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐬: [email protected] / (+20) 1113859344 #BestSmartSolutions #BSS #ETAP #EPLAN #PSSE #REVIT #PSCAD #EMTP #ATP #DIGSILENT #CYME #PVSYST #HOMER #NEPLAN #Artificial_Intelligence #Machine_Learning #Gridcode #Gridcompliance #Gridimpact #HVDC #Switchgears #powersystemstudies #arcflashstudy #IEEE1584 #NFPA70e #energymanagement #insulationcoordination #renewableenergy #solarpower #greenenergy #sustainablefuture #powerquality #solarenergy #energyefficiency #powersystem #gridstability #Smartgrids

🌟 Enhancing Grid Resilience: Innovative Solutions 🌟 Electrical grids are undergoing a massive shift towards a decentralized control structure dominated by inverter-based resources. While the rapid integration of renewable energy sources contributes to a greener future, it also brings significant challenges in managing the evolving electrical grid. In this respect, flexible and reliable grid operation are key targets. PTI consulting supports grid operators dealing with accurate large-scale electromagnetic transient (EMT) models of electrical grids. Our comprehensive solution includes: ✔ Large-scale EMT model development and maintenance ✔ Integration of diverse inverter-based resources from multiple manufacturers ✔ Hardware and software setup for high-performance parallel simulation ✔ Dedicated training program for competence development in EMT modeling and studies ✔ Extensive studies to analyze the grid performance and ensure a secure and stable grid operation. Link: https://lnkd.in/dhzTU9Pm   #DecentralizedGridControl #RenewableEnergy #GridInnovation #PTIConsulting

Dynamic Boundaries is a concept that allows microgrids to change their configuration to optimize the use of renewable energy sources. This is done by reducing curtailment and maximizing the load served, while also minimizing phase loading imbalances. Such imbalances can sometimes cause commercial grid-forming sources to trip offline, compromising the microgrid's resilience. This paper introduces optimal dispatch strategies for controllable switches and Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) within the microgrid. The objective is to regulate negative sequence voltage and enhance the utilization of renewable energy, thereby improving both the stability and efficiency of the microgrid. Thanks Yu Su, Fred Wang Mohammed Olama Dingrui Li Ben Ollis and Yilu Liu and all other co-authors at UTK and ORNL for this good work! The dynamic boundaries code is based on Python and uses open source solvers. The code as well as the codes developed on the SETO sponsored project on Solar Based Community Microgrids in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico, will be made available soon to the public. https://lnkd.in/ena8fWbw https://lnkd.in/eXumK4Rn

Frequency deviation primarily stems from a singular root cause: the disparity between generated power and immediate consumption. Put simply, it occurs when there is an imbalance between electrical power generation and its usage. Notably, this imbalance can result from both mismanagement of electrical load and the growing prevalence of inverter-based resources such as renewable energy sources like solar and wind power that use inverters to convert the DC to AC. Regardless of its origins, any shifts in the rotational speed of turbines directly affect electrical frequency. These frequency deviations can have significant repercussions, from equipment damage, increased operational costs to grid instability and potential blackouts. To tackle this issue, researchers have proposed a range of solutions. On the generation end, these solutions encompass droop control, secondary and tertiary loop control mechanisms. On the distribution end, commonly employed strategies involve demand response programs. In some instances, specific countries in south-Asia have even resorted to electric load shedding measures to tackle this issue. I have published an article, “Automatic Generation Control in Renewables-Integrated Multi-Area Power Systems.” Now you can access the MDPI Sustainability article. #loadfrequencycontrol #automaticgenerationcontrol #MDPI #SustainabilityMDPI

🌍 Choosing the Right Location for Your Renewable Energy Project🔋 While thermal limitations are crucial when selecting a project site, another vital aspect to consider is "voltage stability". As the grid evolves with more renewable energy sources, developers must also assess Weak Grid Conditions & Short Circuit Ratio (SCR): Low SCR values are key predictors of weak grid conditions, which can lead to voltage instability and operational challenges. Predicting weak grid scenarios involves: - Fault Current and Impedance Analysis: Analyzing local fault current levels and system impedance helps identify areas with low SCR, which could indicate grid weakness. Low fault current implies a reduced ability of the grid to absorb and dampen disturbances, making it more prone to voltage issues. - Dynamic Simulations: Simulating various operating conditions (e.g., load changes, renewable integration) using advanced software tools (such as PSSE and PSCAD) can reveal how the grid responds to disturbances and helps identify potential weak points. - Voltage Stability Indices: These indices help forecast potential voltage collapse situations. Monitoring these indicators over time provides early warnings of grid vulnerabilities. - Grid Inertia Assessment: With increased reliance on inverter-based resources, low inertia has become a sign of weak grids. Assessing grid inertia helps predict potential frequency stability issues. By addressing these factors early in the planning phase, your projects will be better equipped to handle future challenges, ensuring grid stability and long-term performance. Let’s build energy systems that are efficient, resilient, and reliable! ⚡🔌 #Energy #RenewableEnergy #PowerSystems #GridStability #SustainableEnergy #VoltageStability #PowerSystemEngineering #Infrastructure

☀️ Ever wondered how rooftop solar, home batteries and smart devices all come together to provide valuable grid services? And, on top of that, also in an efficient way? 🤔 Researchers from Tsinghua University may have cracked the code and it's all based on intelligent coordination! 🤖 In their new paper published in the 'Applied Energy' journal, they present an innovative strategy for operating and settling virtual power plants (VPPs) that aggregate heterogeneous resources like renewables, energy storage, flexible loads and even industrial processes. 🔑 Their key to innovation? A unified modeling framework that captures the distinct characteristics of each resource type, combined with a stochastic optimization approach to maximizing VPP profits from grid services like frequency regulation. To enable real-time control and settlement amid uncertain regulation signals from the grid, they derive an equivalent optimization reformulation and also propose an algorithm that solves just that. ⚡ Results from case studies show this strategy can substantially increase VPP profits while being computationally inexpensive. This brings us one step closer to an efficient, distributed and clean energy future! The paper makes for a fascinating read on VPP control and settlement techniques. Check out the full study that we linked below. #virtualpowerplants #vpp #renewables #energyindustry

This promises to be an informative breakout session with Sergio A. Sanabria Restrepo, P. Eng. from Nova Scotia Power! One of the potential key features of smart inverters is their ability to provide essential grid support services. These inverters are equipped with advanced communication interfaces that facilitate real-time interaction with grid operators. By responding to signals and commands from the grid, smart inverters can dynamically adjust their power output. This capability enables them to provide ancillary services such as frequency regulation to aid in maintaining the grid's equilibrium and stability. Furthermore, smart inverters excel in their precise control over reactive power - crucial for maintaining optimal voltage levels. Smart inverters can actively inject or absorb reactive power as required, thereby enhancing voltage support and promoting grid robustness. This dynamic control ensures that fluctuations in voltage levels, often encountered due to intermittent renewable generation, are effectively mitigated. Real-time synchronization ensures that the AC electricity produced by renewable sources aligns seamlessly with the grid's frequency and voltage standards. By doing so, smart inverters mitigate potential disruptions, enhance power quality, and contribute to overall grid stability. Sergio Sanabria, Senior Engineer at Nova Scotia Power will detail the deployment of smart inverter technology in the Smart Grid Nova Scotia pilot project, and the testing and results of specific use case experiments designed to actively contribute to grid stability and reliability while promoting the integration of solar PV.

For anyone interested in understanding how America’s electric system came to be, The Grid by Gretchen Bakke is an essential read. Bakke traces the evolution of electrical generation, from the famed transmission battle between Edison’s DC and Tesla’s AC, to the consolidation of utilities into monopolies, the resulting regulation, and the challenges of interconnection that followed. Our electric grid is an engineering marvel, but its piecemeal construction has left it fragile and difficult to modernize. Renewable energy sources, especially solar, have introduced unique challenges due to intermittency, while legacy regulations (that were often put in place to protect monopolies) are now slowing needed improvements. Written in 2016, this book outlined several ambitious ways to improve our grid, such as distributed generation, energy storage, microgrids, smart grids, and advances in energy efficiency and demand management. However, many of these solutions require substantial infrastructure investments that have yet to materialize. As we face a new phase of rapid growth in electricity demand, our aging infrastructure remains a major obstacle to providing reliable and resilient power where it’s most needed. That said, there has been progress. As storage technology improves, the intermittency problem with renewables is becoming less of an issue. Investment in transmission and distribution is increasing, but we still need billions more. Meanwhile, advancements in software offer potential workarounds for managing energy until infrastructure catches up. I’m especially excited about the role AI could play in grid management and VPPs, even with all the challenges that entails.

Power grids and wind turbines to be stabilised with new technology New technology developed by the University of Birmingham is set to overcome forced oscillations and grid frequency events, which can cause disruption over entire power grids. As the transition to renewable energy takes shape, global installations of wind farms have rapidly increased. However, two technological issues remain – power system frequency control and forced oscillations. These issues can cause widespread disruption over entire power grids. Professor Xiao-Ping Zhang, Chair in Electrical Power Systems at Birmingham’s Department of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, has developed new technologies to overcome these challenges. https://lnkd.in/esnKZ5J7 #power #powergrids #windturbines #energy #science #research #innovation

Technology in #renewables integration safety and sustainability are continuing to advance to keep pace with new demands for energy resilience. Get up to speed by attending these upcoming #ETAP2024 #webinars. This week, discover the new and innovative DC #ArcFlash incident energy (IE) analysis methods provided in ETAP 2024 specifically designed 🎯 for battery energy storage system (#BESS) #ElectricalSafety. By factoring in battery rising and decay time constants, along with dynamic conductor effects like erosion and elongation which are applicable to DC Arc Flash events, these analysis methods deliver accuracy and reduce overestimation like never before. 🗓️ Date: Wednesday, August 21 🕒 Time: 9:00am PDT 👉 https://lnkd.in/eQfuKJGY 🗓️ Date: Thursday, August 22 🕒 Time: 11:00am CEST 👉 https://lnkd.in/eMuYknRp Next up, discover the ETAP 2024 major enhancements in the study of #GridCode reactive power capability. These new enhancements significantly reduce the time to set up the study, accelerating grid code compliance analysis. A new method is provided in this version to consider operational constraints such as overloading or over/undervoltage of the power plant assets to ensure grid code compliance under all required conditions.  🗓️ Date: Wednesday, September 04 🕒 Time: 9:00am PDT 👉 https://lnkd.in/eMtw94bq 🗓️ Date: Thursday, September 05 🕒 Time: 11:00am CEST 👉 https://lnkd.in/e6Pz5K-V #ETAPSoftware #BatterySafety #Sustainability #CriticalInfrastructure