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🌠🚨PRODUCT LAUNCH🚨🌠 In light of the ever-intensifying situation with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (HPAI H5N1), the scientists at Virongy Biosciences, Inc. have developed an HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b pseudovirus 🧬🦠 modeled after an isolate taken from the Texas dairy farm worker 🐄 who became infected with the virus in late March. HPAI H5N1 viruses have been on the CDC's watchlist for a while now. They are particularly dangerous because they have the capability to spread from mammal-to-mammal 🐄➡️🐈. HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b first entered the Northern Hemisphere in 2021. When it spread, it spread fast and hard. Officially classified as an outbreak, a recent article released by the CDC describes how the virus has turned fatal for cats who are drinking unpasteurized milk 🥛 from infected cows. The article also warns about how HPAI viruses have pandemic potential🌎 Already, three dairy cattle workers have been infected in the United States - two in Michigan and one in Texas. Though their symptoms have been mild and each has since recovered, the deadly potential of these viruses have been displayed in countries like Ecuador and Chile where humans have contracted HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b and become seriously ill 🤒 Together, we can prevent the HPAI H5N1 pandemic before it happens. Our Hybrid-Alpha HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b Pseudoviral Neutralization Assay Kit serves as a platform for quick, easy, and reliable quantification of neutralizing antibodies, viral variants, and antiviral drugs 💊 Help us protect both humans and animals alike from HPAI H5N1 before the situation becomes out-of-hand 🛡️ Learn more about HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b by visiting this article released by the CDC: https://lnkd.in/gNXnAzVE Visit our product page to learn more about our new Hybrid-Alpha HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b Pseudoviral Neutralization Assay Kit: https://lnkd.in/e6divRkB #H5N1 #AvianInfluenza #ProductLaunch #Virology #Science

👏New in #JExBio 👏 Characterisation of extracellular vesicles in baculovirus infection of Spodoptera frugiperda cells Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is an enveloped DNA virus of the Baculoviridae family. This baculovirus is widely exploited for the biological control of insect pest species and as an expression platform to produce recombinant proteins in insect cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by all cells and are involved in key roles in many biological processes through their cargo consisting of proteins, RNA or DNA. In viral infections, EVs have been found to transfer both viral and cellular cargo that can elicit either a pro- or antiviral response in recipient cells. Here, small EVs (sEVs) released by Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf) insect cells were characterised for the first time. Using S. frugiperda (SfC1B5) cells stably expressing the baculovirus gp64, the viral envelope protein GP64 was shown to be incorporated into sEVs. Sf9 cells were also transfected with a bacmid AcMNPV genome lacking p6.9 (AcΔP6.9) to prevent budded virus production. The protein content of sEVs from both mock- and AcΔP6.9-transfected cells were analysed by mass spectrometry. In addition to GP64, viral proteins Ac-F, ME-53 and viral ubiquitin were identified, as well as many host proteins including TSG101—which may be useful as a protein marker for sEVs. https://lnkd.in/e5s5k4yq

In this article, the authors show that bat H9N2 has high replication and transmission potential in ferrets, efficiently infects human lung explant cultures, and is able to evade antiviral inhibition by MxA in transgenic B6 mice. Together with its low antigenic similarity to the N2 of seasonal human strains, bat H9N2 fulfils key criteria for pre-pandemic IAVs. hashtag #Bat hashtag #Influenza hashtag #H9N2 https://lnkd.in/df3JGQE3

Virology case study 🦠📝 46 year old man developed sudden low blood pressure, vomiting, shortness of breath and painful sensation evolving from muscle tissue. Microbiology Laboratory isolated golden, beta hemolytic colonies of staphylococcus aureus from the sample which was sent. And these signs were diagnosed as toxic shock due to invading staphylococcus aureus This shock were later suggested to be secondary bacterial infection due to primary viral infection 🦠. Nasopharyngeal aspirates sample was collected to detect viral pathogen. Which virus is most likely to be detected from the sample?. The plate below shows staphylococcus aureus isolated

Influenza viruses are major human pathogens which cause annual epidemics (type A, B and C viruses) and have zoonotic and pandemic potential (type A viruses). The viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase (FluPol) is a key determinant of viral host-range and pathogenicity, and a prime target for antiviral drugs. It is a ~260 kDa heterotrimer composed of the subunits PB1 (polymerase basic protein 1), PB2 (polymerase basic protein 2) and PA (polymerase acidic protein). In viral particles each of the eight negative-sense RNA genomic segments (vRNAs) is associated with one copy of the viral polymerase and encapsidated with multiple copies of the nucleoprotein (NP) to form viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs). Upon viral infection, incoming vRNPs are imported into the nucleus in which FluPol performs transcription and replication of the viral genome through distinct primed and unprimed mechanisms. FluPol associates dynamically with many cellular proteins, among which the interaction with the host RNAP II transcription machinery. The FluPol CTD-binding interface is essential not only for transcription but also for replication of the viral genome. Here you can see a cryoEM structure of the Influenza A/H7N9 polymerase symmetric dimer bound to a promoter sequence (PDB code: 8POH) Rendering by Francisco J. Enguita (@paco.enguita) made with #proteinimager https://lnkd.in/dfqh2nv2 #molecularart #influenza #polymerase #dimer #promoter #cryoem

The US CDC has sequenced the influenza virus genome isolated from a patient in Texas with HPAI A(H5N1) associated with the outbreak in cattle in Texas. The PB2 viral segment had a change (E627K) that is known to be associated with viral adaptation to mammalian hosts. "Viral RNA extractions ... were used as template to perform next generation sequencing using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) platforms. ... Illumina and ONT yielded identical sequences at the consensus sequence level." https://lnkd.in/gNudBfyK

Influenza viruses are major human pathogens which cause annual epidemics (type A, B and C viruses) and have zoonotic and pandemic potential (type A viruses). The viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase (FluPol) is a key determinant of viral host-range and pathogenicity, and a prime target for antiviral drugs. It is a ~260 kDa heterotrimer composed of the subunits PB1 (polymerase basic protein 1), PB2 (polymerase basic protein 2) and PA (polymerase acidic protein). In viral particles each of the eight negative-sense RNA genomic segments (vRNAs) is associated with one copy of the viral polymerase and encapsidated with multiple copies of the nucleoprotein (NP) to form viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs). Upon viral infection, incoming vRNPs are imported into the nucleus in which FluPol performs transcription and replication of the viral genome through distinct primed and unprimed mechanisms. FluPol associates dynamically with many cellular proteins, among which the interaction with the host RNAP II transcription machinery. The FluPol CTD-binding interface is essential not only for transcription but also for replication of the viral genome. Here you can see a cryoEM structure of the Influenza A/H7N9 polymerase symmetric dimer bound to a promoter sequence (PDB code: 8POH) Rendering by Francisco J. Enguita (@paco.enguita) made with #proteinimager https://lnkd.in/dpsZPtFd #molecularart #influenza #polymerase #dimer #promoter #cryoem

📃Scientific paper: Analysis of the microRNA expression profiles of chicken dendritic cells in response to H9N2 avian influenza virus infection Abstract: International audience; AbstractMicroRNA (miRNA) plays a key role in virus-host interactions. Here, we employed deep sequencing technology to determine cellular miRNA expression profiles in chicken dendritic cells infected with H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV). A total of 66 known and 36 novel miRNAs were differently expressed upon H9N2 infection, including 72 up-regulated and 30 down-regulated miRNAs. Functional analysis showed that the predicted targets of these miRNAs were significantly enriched in several pathways including endocytosis, notch, lysosome, p53, RIG-I-like and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways. These data provide valuable information for further investigating the roles of miRNA in AIV pathogenesis and host defense response. Continued on ES/IODE ➡️ https://etcse.fr/PpqE ------- If you find this interesting, feel free to follow, comment and share. We need your help to enhance our visibility, so that our platform continues to serve you.

🚨 Newly Published 🚨 Antiviral activity of bovine type III interferon against bovine viral diarrhea virus is greatly reduced in bovine turbinate cells due to limited expression of IFN lambda receptor 1 (IL-28Rα) Rohana P. Dassanayake, Harish Menghwar, Kathryn A. Bickel, David J. Holthausen, Hao Ma,Fayna Diaz-San Segunda, Monica Rodriguez-Calzada, Gisselle N. Medina, Sarah Attreed, Shollie M. Falkenberg, Carly Kanipe, Randy E. Sacco, Teresa De Los Santos, Eduardo Casas Introduction: The antiviral activity of recombinant bovine interferon lambda 3 (bovIFN-λ3) against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has been demonstrated in vitro in Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells (MDBK) and in vivo in cattle. However, anti-BVDV activity of bovIFN-λ3 has not been studied in bovine respiratory tract epithelial cells, supposedly a primary target of BVDV infection when entering the host by the oronasal route. https://lnkd.in/gnC--Anv

CelTOS is a malaria vaccine antigen found in Plasmodium and other parasites, important for cell traversal. Researchers from The National Institutes of Health shows that monoclonal antibodies 7g7 and 4h12 protect against liver infection and block parasite transmission to mosquitoes. They work across species, protecting against P. falciparum and P. vivax, and prevent CelTOS-mediated pore formation. this work forms a strong foundation for the further development of cross-species protective and multistage monoclonal antibodies that target CelTOS. Read the publication: https://ow.ly/8PQ550TpQvg #OctetBLI #antibody #MalariaResearch #GlobalHealth #VaccineResearch #kinetics #mAbs