Lifeguard Data Recovery Hyd’s Post

TECHNOLOGY BEHIND, WHY RAM IS SO FASTER THAN THE SSD OR HARD DISKS. 1. Computer RAM (Random Access Memory) is faster than SSDs because it is directly connected to the CPU, allowing for near-instantaneous access to data without the need for mechanical movement or lengthy read/write processes. 2. RAM operates using volatile memory, meaning data is stored temporarily and accessed at high speeds, unlike SSDs which use non-volatile memory for long-term storage, causing slower data retrieval. 3. The latency in RAM is extremely low, typically measured in nanoseconds, while SSDs have latency in microseconds due to their reliance on NAND flash memory technology. 4. RAM is designed for real-time processing and can handle multiple simultaneous operations without delay, making it ideal for tasks that require rapid access to active data, like running programs and processing files. 5. SSDs, though fast in comparison to traditional hard drives, require a process of reading and writing data through memory cells, which takes more time than RAM’s direct data handling. 6. The technical advantage of RAM lies in its ability to transfer data at speeds reaching several gigabytes per second, whereas SSDs, despite using faster interfaces like NVMe, still operate at lower speeds. 7. RAM's structure allows for direct access to any data address without having to search through blocks of data like SSDs, giving it an inherent speed advantage for frequently accessed information. 8. The size of RAM is smaller compared to SSDs, meaning it holds less data but does so with much greater efficiency, prioritizing speed over storage capacity. 9. Safety-wise, RAM data is lost when the system is powered off, which means it doesn’t retain sensitive information, reducing security risks related to long-term data exposure, unlike SSDs which permanently store data. 10. Technologically, the dynamic nature of RAM, using capacitors and transistors, enables it to refresh data constantly, while SSDs rely on flash memory that has limited write cycles, causing wear over time. 11. RAM has no moving parts and operates silently, while SSDs, though also without moving parts, are still constrained by data management systems that introduce some delays. 12. The development of DDR (Double Data Rate) technology in RAM allows for even faster data transfer by sending and receiving data on both the rising and falling edges of the clock signal, further boosting its performance over SSDs.

What is RAM(Random Access Memory)? 🚀 RAM (Random Access Memory) is a type of computer memory that stores data temporarily. It's fast, volatile memory, meaning that when the computer is powered off, all data stored in RAM is lost. 🚀 Uses of RAM:- 🌟 Boosts Speed and Performance: RAM helps your computer run faster by providing quick access to the information your processor needs. The more RAM you have, the better your computer can handle multiple tasks at the same time without slowing down. 🌟 Holds Temporary Data: RAM acts like a workspace for your computer, storing data that is actively being used. It keeps things running smoothly, but once the computer is turned off, all the data in RAM is cleared. This makes RAM crucial for handling real-time tasks efficiently. 🚀 Types of RAM:- 🌟 SRAM (Static RAM): 🌟 Faster and more reliable: SRAM is faster than DRAM because it doesn’t need to be refreshed constantly. 🌟 Used in cache memory: It is used in small amounts for CPU cache due to its speed. 🌟 More expensive: SRAM is more costly to produce compared to DRAM because it uses more transistors to store each bit of data. 🌟 DRAM (Dynamic RAM): 🌟 Most common type: DRAM is the standard memory used in most computers. 🌟 Needs to be refreshed: Unlike SRAM, DRAM needs constant refreshing to maintain data. 🌟 Cheaper but slower: It is slower than SRAM but is much cheaper and can be produced in larger capacities.

Another reason to ensure your security policies are up to date (bear with me here…) Part of your security policies should cover data retention - if you’re retaining data locked away in a cupboard on an SSD somewhere - you need to bear this in mind, especially if you ever need to recover it or prove that you’ve deleted it for example.

interesting, with wise advice.

#Node_Affinity: - It is a mechanism that allows us to schedule pods on specific nodes based on nodes' labels. - It offers great flexibility and gives us more control over where pods are placed. -it is configured in pod yaml file under "spec" as: spec:   affinity:     nodeAffinity:       requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:   <---- types         nodeSelectorTerms:         - matchExpressions:           - key: disktype  <------key                                  operator: In  <----operators                              values:             - ssd         -I'll try to summarize the important notes and of course you can reach out the documentation to deep dive more. 1-#Node_Affinity_types: they are 2 types and they set rules that help the scheduler to do its job :-  1-requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:- - that means node selector is required and mandatory to be configured before the pod is applied, if not the scheduler won't  schedule the pod and it will stay in pending state. 2-preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:- - that means node selector is preferred to be configured before the pod applied, if not the scheduler will allocate the pod in another node according to the Scheduling Algorithm.           - #Node_affinity_weight: it’s an additional way in which we can specify a weight between 1 and 100 for each instance of the "preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution" affinity type.  -When the scheduler finds multiple nodes that meet all the other scheduling requirements of the Pod, so  the scheduler iterates through every preferred rule that the node satisfies and adds the value of the weight for that expression to a #sum. -The final sum is added to the score of other priority functions for the node. Nodes with the highest total score are prioritized when the scheduler makes a scheduling decision for the Pod. #NOTE: with both of Node_Affinity types while the pod is running inside the node if the node selector label changed for any reason, that won't affect the pods and they will still be running in their node that is the mean of ------> “IgnoredDuringExecution”.     #HOW_AMAZING ! 😍 2-#Operator types : In, NotIn, Exists,  DoesNotExist. -We can change the operator type so that we have more control and more flexibility for example: -we can tell the scheduler to put that pod #IN all nodes with that selector. -we can tell the scheduler don't put that pod in any node with that selector and put them in the others so we use #NotIN. -we also can make the scheduler depend on the "key" only by using #Exists, so if a node selector labeled with this key puts the pod in that node. -and also there is #DoesNotExist so the pod will be scheduled on nodes that do not have the specified label key. 3-#Values: we can put more than one value to have more and more control and flexibility.    Hope this is helpful ✌

𝐒𝐨𝐟𝐭𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐢𝐬 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐧 𝐣𝐮𝐬𝐭 𝐜𝐨𝐝𝐞. To really solve a problem, you need to understand the infrastructure powering your work. Let’s talk about solid-state drives (SSDs) and why they’re so much faster than hard disk drives (HDDs). 👉 𝐖𝐡𝐲 𝐢𝐬 𝐚𝐧 𝐒𝐒𝐃 𝐟𝐚𝐬𝐭? An SSD reads up to 10x faster and writes up to 20x faster than an HDD." Unlike HDDs, SSDs are purely electronic with no moving parts, which makes them not only faster but also more durable. Here’s a quick look at how SSDs work: 1️⃣ 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐬 come through a user interface, typically Serial ATA (SATA) or PCI Express (PCIe). 2️⃣ 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐒𝐃 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫’𝐬 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐜𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐫 processes these commands, relaying them to the flash controller. 3️⃣ 𝐄𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐝𝐝𝐞𝐝 𝐑𝐀𝐌 in SSDs handles caching and mapping information for fast access. 4️⃣ 𝐍𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐅𝐥𝐚𝐬𝐡 𝐦𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐲 packages are organized across multiple channels, allowing parallel data operations. This architecture enables SSD controllers to write or read multiple pages at once, unlike HDDs, which are limited by a single read/write head. What do you think is the biggest advantage of SSDs over HDDs? *** Every day, I strive to improve by 1%, and in order to do so, I study extensively on personal growth, leadership, and technology. If you want to grow with me, you can do so by following me.

#𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝘂𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀 These systems and operating systems are designed to handle large-scale data processing, virtualization, and enterprise-level workloads, making them suitable for demanding data center environments. 𝗛𝗶𝗴𝗵-𝗘𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝘂𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗳𝗶𝗴𝘂𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀: 𝟭. 𝗗𝗲𝗹𝗹 𝗣𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗘𝗱𝗴𝗲 𝗥𝟳𝟱𝟮𝟱: ₹6,00,000 - ₹10,00,000 depending on configuration. ○ 𝗖𝗣𝗨: Dual 𝗔𝗠𝗗 EPYC 7F72 (up to 𝟲𝟰 𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘀 each) ○ 𝗠𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗿𝘆: Up to 𝟰𝗧𝗕 𝗗𝗗𝗥𝟰 ○ 𝗦𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗴𝗲: Configurable with NVMe and SAS SSDs, up to 𝟴𝟬𝗧𝗕 𝟮. 𝗛𝗲𝘄𝗹𝗲𝘁𝘁 𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗿𝗱 𝗘𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗽𝗿𝗶𝘀𝗲 (𝗛𝗣𝗘) 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗟𝗶𝗮𝗻𝘁 𝗗𝗟𝟯𝟴𝟬 𝗚𝗲𝗻𝟭𝟬 𝗣𝗹𝘂𝘀: ₹4,50,000 - ₹9,00,000 depending on configuration. ○ 𝗖𝗣𝗨: Dual 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗹 𝗫𝗲𝗼𝗻 Scalable (up to 𝟰𝟬 𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘀 each) ○ 𝗠𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗿𝘆: Up to 𝟲𝗧𝗕 DDR4 ○ 𝗦𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗴𝗲: Supports NVMe, SSDs, and SAS drives, with high-capacity options 𝟯. 𝗜𝗕𝗠 𝗣𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿 𝗦𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺 𝗘𝟵𝟴𝟬: ₹25,00,000 - ₹1,00,00,000+ depending on configuration. ○ 𝗖𝗣𝗨: Up to 16 𝗜𝗕𝗠 𝗣𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝟵 processors (up to 𝟭𝟵𝟮 𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘀 total) ○ 𝗠𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗿𝘆: Up to 𝟲𝟰𝗧𝗕 ○ 𝗦𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗴𝗲: Highly configurable, supports high-speed NVMe storage 𝟰. 𝗖𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗼 𝗨𝗖𝗦 𝗖𝟰𝟴𝟬 𝗠𝟱 𝗥𝗮𝗰𝗸 𝗦𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗲𝗿: ₹8,00,000 - ₹15,00,000 depending on configuration. ○ 𝗖𝗣𝗨: Dual Intel Xeon Scalable (up to 𝟮𝟴 𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘀 each) ○ 𝗠𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗿𝘆: Up to 𝟲𝗧𝗕 𝗗𝗗𝗥𝟰 ○ 𝗦𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗴𝗲: Supports NVMe, SSDs, and SAS drives, with high-density options 𝟱. 𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗶𝗰𝗿𝗼 𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗦𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝟭𝟬𝟮𝟵𝗣-𝗪𝗧𝗥𝗧: ₹3,50,000 and ₹7,00,000  ○ 𝗖𝗣𝗨: Dual 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗹 𝗫𝗲𝗼𝗻 Scalable (up to 𝟮𝟴 𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘀 each) ○ 𝗠𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗿𝘆: Up to 𝟯𝗧𝗕 DDR4 ○ 𝗦𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗴𝗲: Configurable with NVMe, SSDs, and SAS drives

Hello Connections.... Here is my article about Introduction to Computer Architecture Computer architecture refers to the design and organization of a computer system, laying the groundwork for how its hardware components interact with one another and with software. It involves a range of concepts, from instruction sets to memory management, and defines how different hardware units work together to execute tasks efficiently. Components of Computer Architecture 1. Central Processing Unit (CPU) The CPU is the brain of the computer, responsible for executing instructions from programs. It consists of three key components: Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Performs arithmetic and logical operations. Control Unit (CU): Directs the flow of data and instructions within the system. Registers: Small, fast storage locations that hold data and instructions temporarily. 2. Memory Hierarchy Primary Memory (RAM): This is the main memory used by the CPU to store data that is actively being used or processed. It is volatile, meaning data is lost when power is turned off. Secondary Memory: This includes devices like hard drives and solid-state drives (SSD), which are used for long-term data storage. They are slower than RAM but non-volatile. Cache Memory: Cache is a small, high-speed memory located close to the CPU. It stores frequently accessed data and instructions, improving overall speed by reducing the time the CPU takes to access memory. 3. Input/Output (I/O) Devices These devices allow the computer to communicate with the external world, including keyboards, mice, displays, and printers. The architecture dictates how these devices are connected and controlled by the CPU. 4. Buses Buses are communication pathways that transfer data between different components in a computer. They come in three types: Data Bus: Carries the actual data being processed. Address Bus: Carries the memory addresses where data needs to be stored or retrieved. Control Bus: Carries signals related to control functions like read/write operations. #snsinstitutions #snsdesignthinkers #designthinking

In Computer Architecture 𝐑𝐀𝐌 (𝐑𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐨𝐦 𝐀𝐜𝐜𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐌𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐲) is the core part for running applications on any operating system. It works as main component for loading the application from the hard disk and allows the CPU for fast data access in order to process the application instructions without any latency.   The RAM read and write speed is extremely fast in milliseconds to serve this purpose. It can reach more than 10Gb/s for reading and more than 20GB/s for writing which is significantly faster than any storage. Even the latest generation of SSD storage performance is way less than RAM 𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐝/𝐰𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐞 performance. ( you can notice on the attachment the huge difference in sequential read and write performance which is more than 10x faster). The bandwidth in hardware architecture that connects RAM to CPU and hard disk storage is designed for instantly transfer of data between them. That is the main difference between Storage and RAM. Also, another key difference RAM is a volatile which means the data is stored temporarily on it and it loses it when the power is turned off or OS rebooted. On the other hand, the storage is persistence which mean that the data will be stored permanently on it unless someone deleted it. Now the important part after we demonstrated the difference between them that we can use this efficient feature in RAM for processing big amount of data that require very fast loading speed for accessing the data during applying many complex transformation operations on it.   The approach to use that in OS by virtualizing specific amount of RAM size as storage disk and process the data on this virtual storage.   I will publish a separate post on how to leverage RAM fast performance in data intensive applications.   The attachment for the benchmark test that I did between RAM and SSD storage (PC SN730 NVMe). #RAM #data #storage