Divya Dhiran’s Post

How can you use mock objects to test your code? Mock objects are a powerful tool in software testing that allows developers to simulate the behaviour of real objects in a controlled environment. This technique is particularly useful when testing code that interacts with external systems or APIs that may be difficult to access or control during testing.Here are the steps to use mock objects to test your code:Identify the external dependencies: First, identify the external dependencies in your code that need to be mocked. These could be external APIs, databases, or any other system that your code interacts with. Create a mock object: Create a mock object that simulates the behaviour of the external dependency. This mock object should have the same interface as the real object, but it can be programmed to return predefined responses or behave in a specific way. Replace the real object with the mock object: In your test code, replace the real object with the mock object. This can be done by using a dependency injection framework or by directly replacing the object in your code. Write test cases: Write test cases that exercise the code under test while interacting with the mock object. These test cases should cover all possible scenarios and edge cases. Verify the results: Verify the results of the test cases by comparing the expected behaviour with the actual behaviour of the mock object. If the results match, the test passes; otherwise, it fails. Repeat for all external dependencies: Repeat steps 2-5 for all external dependencies in your code. Using mock objects to test your code allows you to isolate your code from external dependencies, making it easier to test and debug. It also allows you to test your code in a controlled environment, ensuring that your tests are reliable and repeatable.

🚀 𝙆𝙀𝙔 𝙏𝙀𝙎𝙏 𝘾𝘼𝙎𝙀 𝘿𝙀𝙎𝙄𝙂𝙉 𝙏𝙀𝘾𝙃𝙉𝙄𝙌𝙐𝙀𝙎 𝙁𝙊𝙍 𝙏𝙀𝙎𝙏𝙀𝙍𝙎\𝙌𝘼 🔍 Effective test case design is essential for thorough testing and better software quality. Let’s dive into the must-know techniques! 💡 𝟭. 𝘉𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘳𝘺 𝘝𝘢𝘭𝘶𝘦 𝘈𝘯𝘢𝘭𝘺𝘴𝘪𝘴 (𝘉𝘝𝘈) 🏞️ What It Is: Test the extreme edges of input ranges (min, max, and boundary points). Why It’s Useful: Identifies edge cases that are most likely to cause defects. Use Case: Perfect for fields like age, salary, or date ranges. 𝟮.  𝘌𝘲𝘶𝘪𝘷𝘢𝘭𝘦𝘯𝘤𝘦 𝘗𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 (𝘌𝘗) 🔢 What It Is: Divide the input data into logical partitions and test just one value from each partition to minimize redundancy. Why It’s Useful: Ensures you cover different scenarios with fewer test cases. Use Case: Ideal for input fields with clear categories (e.g., valid/invalid). 𝟯. 𝘋𝘦𝘤𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘛𝘢𝘣𝘭𝘦 𝘛𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 📝 What It Is: Design test cases based on different combinations of inputs and expected outputs. Why It’s Useful: Great for testing complex business rules and multi-condition scenarios. Use Case: Perfect for workflows that require multiple conditions or business rules. 𝟰.  𝘚𝘵𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘛𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘛𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 🔄 What It Is: Test how the system behaves when transitioning between different states. Why It’s Useful: Helps to ensure the system works correctly through state changes (e.g., login/logout, order statuses). Use Case: Best for applications with state-dependent behavior. 𝟱. 𝘌𝘳𝘳𝘰𝘳 𝘎𝘶𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘪𝘯𝘨 🤔💡 What It Is: Test cases are designed based on the tester’s experience and intuition to guess where the errors are likely to occur in the system. Why It’s Useful: Relies on the tester’s expertise and insight to identify potential error-prone scenarios that might not be covered by standard techniques. Use Case: Often used when testers have knowledge of previous bugs, system quirks, or common errors in similar software. 💡 𝙒𝙝𝙮 𝙏𝙝𝙚𝙨𝙚 𝙏𝙚𝙘𝙝𝙣𝙞𝙦𝙪𝙚𝙨 𝙈𝙖𝙩𝙩𝙚𝙧:They help ensure comprehensive test coverage, uncover edge cases, and reduce redundant tests. Efficient test case design leads to faster test cycles, fewer defects, and higher software quality! 🚀 Keep testing smart, keep testing thorough! 🌟 💡 𝘞𝘩𝘦𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘺𝘰𝘶’𝘳𝘦 𝘢 𝘣𝘦𝘨𝘪𝘯𝘯𝘦𝘳 𝘰𝘳 𝘢 𝘴𝘦𝘢𝘴𝘰𝘯𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘳, Mayur Nikam 𝘣𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘬𝘯𝘰𝘸𝘭𝘦𝘥𝘨𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘱 𝘺𝘰𝘶 𝘵𝘦𝘴𝘵 𝘴𝘮𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘦𝘳, 𝘧𝘢𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘳, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘣𝘦𝘵𝘵𝘦𝘳! 🌟 Pro Tip: Start your software testing journey with top learning platforms like Udemy, Guru99.com, W3Schools.com, and JavaScript Mastery. 🚀📖 #QA #software #softwaretesting #qaengineer #qatesting #sdlc #manual #automation #testing #testng #selenium #automation #TestCase

These techniques together help cover a wide range of scenarios in black box testing. • Equivalence Partitioning and Boundary Value Analysis focus on individual input ranges. • Decision Table Testing is ideal for combinations of inputs While • State Transition Testing is best for applications with dynamic states. I'll delve deeper into these techniques later, providing detailed insights into how they can be applied effectively to various testing scenarios. #SoftwareTesting #BlackBoxTesting #TestcaseDesign #QualityAssurance #manual #automation

When writing automated tests, you'll inevitably run into the problem of creating nearly identical test scenarios, only with different inputs. For instance, testing a login page might require validating different situations, like an active user, a suspended user, or an administrator. Duplicating these test cases makes maintaining and extending your test suite challenging and increases the likelihood of human error. These scenarios are where data-driven testing comes in to save the day. With data-driven testing, you can separate the inputs from the test scripts, helping testers write a single test case and dynamically handle multiple scenarios. Using data-driven testing will improve coverage and make it much easier to maintain your automated test suite as it expands. In my latest article, I discuss the benefits of data-driven testing, highlighting how it improves software quality with increased test coverage and efficiency and reduces human error. It also addresses some common challenges like managing large data sets and ensuring high-quality data. When done well, data-driven testing will improve your testing processes and lead to more reliable and robust software applications. https://lnkd.in/g394Txa3

Let’s discuss the principles of testing in more detail!😏🍒🫡_2 6. Testing is Context Dependent Testing methods and approaches depend on the type of software and its purpose. For example, critical systems, such as medical equipment, require stricter testing than, say, an entertainment application. Testers should consider the specifics of the project and choose the appropriate testing methodologies. This principle emphasizes the importance of adapting testing to the characteristics and usage of the system. 7. Absence-of-Errors Fallacy Even if a system contains no defects and fully meets technical requirements, this does not guarantee its success. It is important to understand that high-quality software should meet the needs and expectations of users. This means testers should pay attention not only to technical aspects but also to requirements analysis to ensure the final product addresses user needs and provides value. Applying Testing Principles in Practice These principles form the foundation of an effective testing process and help testing teams organize their work properly. Here are some practical steps for applying them: 1. Identify Critical Areas. Apply the defect clustering principle to identify the components or modules most likely to contain defects, and focus more attention on them. 2. Adapt Testing to the Project. Using the context-dependent principle, tailor the testing process based on the specifics of the project, considering its requirements and goals. 3. Update Test Cases. Periodically review test cases to avoid the pesticide paradox, and add new scenarios as the system changes. 4. Test Requirements. Perform early testing to ensure requirements are clear and feasible, preventing errors before development begins. 5. Be Prepared for the Unexpected. Understand that unconsidered errors can always exist, and don’t expect testing to reveal every single defect. Conclusion The principles of testing help structure and optimize the software verification process, making it more deliberate and effective. By applying them in practice, testers can minimize risks and enhance product quality, ensuring it meets technical requirements and satisfies user needs.

Let’s discuss the principles of testing in more detail!😏🍒🫡_1 Principles of Testing: Foundations for Software Quality Software testing is a crucial stage of development that helps ensure the quality, reliability, and user-friendliness of a product. There are universal testing principles that serve as guidelines for testers, helping them effectively organize the process of software verification. Let’s look at the key principles of testing and their importance in ensuring the quality of applications and systems. 1. Testing Shows the Presence of Defects, Not Their Absence One of the primary goals of testing is to identify defects in software, but it can never prove their complete absence. Even after thorough testing, there is always a chance that not all defects were discovered. This principle reminds testers of the need for diligent checks and that testing aims to increase confidence in product quality rather than prove its perfection. 2. Exhaustive Testing is Impossible Complete testing, where every possible combination of inputs and paths in the program is checked, is impossible due to the vast number of such combinations, especially for complex systems. Instead, testers use selective testing methods and aim to cover the most critical and likely scenarios. This principle helps to understand that testing resources are limited, and it’s necessary to strive for reasonable coverage by focusing on the most significant areas. 3. Early Testing Testing should start as early as possible in the software development life cycle. Errors found early are generally cheaper to fix than those found after the system is deployed. This principle encourages approaches such as requirements and design testing, which help prevent serious defects even before the code is written. 4. Defect Clustering In most systems, defects tend to cluster in a limited number of modules. This phenomenon is often called the Pareto Principle or the 80/20 rule, where 80% of defects are found in 20% of components. Knowing this principle helps testers focus their efforts on the most problematic parts of the system, increasing the efficiency of testing and allowing critical defects to be detected faster. 5. Pesticide Paradox Regularly running the same tests over time stops revealing new errors, which is known as the pesticide paradox. To keep testing effective, testers need to periodically review and update their test cases, adding new scenarios that may reveal previously undiscovered errors. This principle motivates testers to use diverse approaches and maintain the relevance of tests in line with software changes.

In the realm of software testing, simplicity should be the guiding principle. It's crucial to have a deep understanding of the application's domain to effectively strategize tests. A novel approach I advocate for is the development of an application 'heatmap.' This heatmap visualizes areas of the application according to their priority for testing: areas marked in red demand immediate attention, indicating high risk or complexity, while those in green represent lower-priority areas. Something similar to having test coverage report but rather in a more generalized way. Building such heatmap is the first aim in a circle of continuous software testing process. This method not only streamlines the testing process but also ensures that critical components receive the necessary focus, enhancing the overall quality of the application and furthermore answer to the question - where we are? And you know, that to the every project HBM.ai take responsibility an individual approach is applied. Each software product is considered as a living organism behind which there are humans who give it the way to life.

There is the misconception that UI-driven automated tests are the panacea for all quality assurance challenges. Many developers and testers are under the illusion that these automated test suites can replace the intuitive, unpredictable actions of a real human interacting with the application. A colleague of mine once put it like this: "Any UI test that tests anything other than the UI is madness." This captures the essence of the dilemma. Automated UI tests are designed to simulate real user flows, not to handle tasks better suited for lower-level testing, such as verifying error messages or obtaining authentication tokens. The approach of forcing every test through the UI for tasks that are more efficiently executed via API calls is not only cumbersome but also significantly slows down the testing process. This inefficiency creates a bottleneck, delaying the delivery of software and potentially compromising the quality of the final product. The key to unlocking the true potential of automated UI testing lies in a strategic realignment of our testing methodologies. By focusing automated UI tests strictly on validating the user interface—ensuring buttons, links, forms, and other elements work as expected—we can streamline our testing process. For other tasks, like error message validation or authentication, it's time we leverage more direct, efficient methods such as API testing. This approach not only speeds up the testing process but also frees up valuable resources to focus on areas where human intuition and interaction are irreplaceable. By implementing this approach, we not only enhance the efficiency of our testing processes but also contribute to the development of higher-quality, more user-centric software products. Remember, the goal of automated UI tests is to complement, not replace, the invaluable insights gained from human testing.

There is the misconception that UI-driven automated tests are the panacea for all quality assurance challenges. Many developers and testers are under the illusion that these automated test suites can replace the intuitive, unpredictable actions of a real human interacting with the application. A colleague of mine once put it like this: "Any UI test that tests anything other than the UI is madness." This captures the essence of the dilemma. Automated UI tests are designed to simulate real user flows, not to handle tasks better suited for lower-level testing, such as verifying error messages or obtaining authentication tokens. The approach of forcing every test through the UI for tasks that are more efficiently executed via API calls is not only cumbersome but also significantly slows down the testing process. This inefficiency creates a bottleneck, delaying the delivery of software and potentially compromising the quality of the final product. The key to unlocking the true potential of automated UI testing lies in a strategic realignment of our testing methodologies. By focusing automated UI tests strictly on validating the user interface—ensuring buttons, links, forms, and other elements work as expected—we can streamline our testing process. For other tasks, like error message validation or authentication, it's time we leverage more direct, efficient methods such as API testing. This approach not only speeds up the testing process but also frees up valuable resources to focus on areas where human intuition and interaction are irreplaceable. By implementing this approach, we not only enhance the efficiency of our testing processes but also contribute to the development of higher-quality, more user-centric software products. Remember, the goal of automated UI tests is to complement, not replace, the invaluable insights gained from human testing.

𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐂𝐨𝐝𝐞 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧? . . Code inspection is a type of static testing where software code is thoroughly examined to identify any defects or flaws. It involves a team of reviewers inspecting the code line by line, looking for errors, bugs, or areas that could be improved. 𝐊𝐞𝐲 𝐒𝐭𝐞𝐩𝐬 𝐢𝐧 𝐂𝐨𝐝𝐞 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧: Team Formation: A team is formed comprising a Moderator, Reader, Recorder, and Author. Preparation: The team prepares for the inspection meeting and coordinates with each other. 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭 𝐎𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰: If the team is unfamiliar with the project, the Author provides an overview of the project and its code. Code Inspection: Each team member conducts a detailed inspection of the code using predefined inspection checklists. Discussion: After the inspection, a meeting is held with all team members to discuss the findings and address any issues identified during the inspection. 𝐀𝐝𝐯𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐂𝐨𝐝𝐞 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧: Enhanced Product Quality: Code inspection improves the overall quality of the software product by identifying and fixing defects early in the development process. Bug Detection: It helps in finding bugs, errors, and flaws in the software code, allowing developers to rectify them before they cause any issues in the product. Process Improvement: Code inspection identifies areas for process improvement, enabling teams to refine their development practices and deliver better-quality software. Timely Defect Correction: By detecting and addressing defects promptly, code inspection ensures that functional defects are eliminated before they impact the product. Continuous Improvement: It facilitates continuous improvement by providing feedback on the development process, enabling teams to learn from their mistakes and make necessary adjustments. Stay tuned for more !!! Sahil kapoor 😊