Chemical Week by S&P Global’s Post

𝗗𝗶𝗿𝗲𝗰𝘁 𝗢𝗶𝗹 𝘁𝗼 𝗖𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹𝘀 𝗡𝗲𝗲𝗱𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝗖𝗹𝗼𝘀𝗲 𝗟𝗼𝗼𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗡𝗮𝗽𝗵𝘁𝗵𝗮 𝗙𝗲𝗲𝗱𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗰𝗸 𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗹𝘆 𝗚𝗮𝗽 A decrease in crude oil refining driven by the energy transition will result in a shortage of petrochemical feedstocks in the coming decades, particularly for naphtha. S&P Global Commodity Insights estimates refinery naphtha yields will increase to over 14% by 2050 but will be insufficient to meet demand. Researchers say the direct oil to chemicals pathway (DOTC) must increase to 4.2 million barrels per day by 2050 to close the naphtha feedstock supply gap. 𝗦𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗲: 𝗦&𝗣 𝗚𝗹𝗼𝗯𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗼𝗱𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗜𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁𝘀 𝗥𝗲𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗸𝗲𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗰 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝗯𝗼𝗼𝗸 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟰, 𝘄𝗵𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝗶𝘀 𝗻𝗼𝘄 𝗮𝗹𝗶𝗴𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝗦&𝗣 𝗚𝗹𝗼𝗯𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗼𝗱𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗜𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁𝘀 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵 𝗼𝘂𝘁𝗹𝗼𝗼𝗸𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗽𝗲𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹𝘀—𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗻𝗹𝘆 𝗦&𝗣 𝗚𝗹𝗼𝗯𝗮𝗹 𝗱𝗲𝗹𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘀. 𝗧𝗼 𝗹𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻 𝗺𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗮𝗯𝗼𝘂𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗽𝗲𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹𝘀 𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗷𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝘂𝘀 𝗮𝘁 𝗪𝗣𝗖 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟱! Early registration is now open. https://okt.to/Yt0LnT Register | World Petrochemical Conference Join us March 17-21 for WPC 2025 #SPWPC #Petrochemicals

𝗗𝗶𝗿𝗲𝗰𝘁 𝗢𝗶𝗹 𝘁𝗼 𝗖𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹𝘀 𝗡𝗲𝗲𝗱𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝗖𝗹𝗼𝘀𝗲 𝗟𝗼𝗼𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗡𝗮𝗽𝗵𝘁𝗵𝗮 𝗙𝗲𝗲𝗱𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗰𝗸 𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗹𝘆 𝗚𝗮𝗽 A decrease in crude oil refining driven by the energy transition will result in a shortage of petrochemical feedstocks in the coming decades, particularly for naphtha. S&P Global Commodity Insights estimates refinery naphtha yields will increase to over 14% by 2050 but will be insufficient to meet demand. Researchers say the direct oil to chemicals pathway (DOTC) must increase to 4.2 million barrels per day by 2050 to close the naphtha feedstock supply gap. 𝗦𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗲: 𝗦&𝗣 𝗚𝗹𝗼𝗯𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗼𝗱𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗜𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁𝘀 𝗥𝗲𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗸𝗲𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗰 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝗯𝗼𝗼𝗸 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟰, 𝘄𝗵𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝗶𝘀 𝗻𝗼𝘄 𝗮𝗹𝗶𝗴𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝗦&𝗣 𝗚𝗹𝗼𝗯𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗼𝗱𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗜𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁𝘀 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵 𝗼𝘂𝘁𝗹𝗼𝗼𝗸𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗽𝗲𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹𝘀—𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗻𝗹𝘆 𝗦&𝗣 𝗚𝗹𝗼𝗯𝗮𝗹 𝗱𝗲𝗹𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘀. 𝗧𝗼 𝗹𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻 𝗺𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗮𝗯𝗼𝘂𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗽𝗲𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹𝘀 𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗷𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝘂𝘀 𝗮𝘁 𝗪𝗣𝗖 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟱! Register today > https://okt.to/fnRJ60 Register | World Petrochemical Conference Join us March 17-21 for WPC 2025 #SPWPC #Petrochemicals

Post : 89 𝗣𝗲𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹𝗲𝘂𝗺 𝗥𝗲𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗶𝗻 𝗡𝗼𝗻-𝗧𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗻𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗟𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝟰-𝘁𝗵 𝗘𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻... All the Below Contents include in this Document... • The Evaluation of Petroleum Refining, • From the Oil Patch to Refinery, • Crude Oil Characteristics, • Distilling, • Vaccum Flashing, • The Chemistry of Petroleum, • Refinery Gas Plants, • Cat Cracking, • Alkylation, • Cat Reforming, • Hydrocracking, • Isomerization, • Residue Reduction, • Gasoline, • Distillate and Residual Fuels, • Hydrogen, Hydrotreating and Sulfur Plants, • Asphalt, • Lubricants, • Ethylene Plants, • Simple and Complex Refineries, • Solvent Recovery of Aromatics, • Fuel Values - Heating Values, #petroleum #petrochemicals #lubricants #oilandgas #naphtha #gasoline #isomerization #hydrogen #gas #cracking #crudeoil #

Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Market was USD 6.73 billion in 2023, would rocket up to USD 8.76 billion in 2033, and is expected to undergo a CAGR of 3.35% during 2024-2033. The Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) market is integral to the petroleum refining industry, where it plays a critical role in converting heavy crude oil fractions into valuable lighter products like gasoline, diesel, and olefins. FCC units are essential for maximizing the yield of high-demand fuels and chemicals, leveraging catalysts to enhance the breakdown of complex hydrocarbons. The market is driven by increasing global energy demand, particularly for transportation fuels, and the ongoing need for efficient refinery operations. Technological advancements in catalysts and FCC processes aim to improve efficiency, product yield, and environmental compliance. Key players in the FCC market include Albemarle Corporation, W.R. Grace & Co., and BASF SE, who focus on innovation and sustainability. The market is expected to grow steadily, supported by rising fuel consumption and refinery modernization projects, with significant opportunities in emerging economies and regions with expanding petrochemical industries. Market Segmentations: Global Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Market: By #Company Albemarle Corporation WR GRACE HOLDINGS SA DE CV BASF Digital Site Services GmbH flour SHELL GLOBAL SOLUTIONS (US) INC University of the Pacific Chevron Lummus Global (CLG) McDermott International, Ltd Axens ExxonMobil Global Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Market: By #Type Side-by-side Fluid Catalytic Cracking Stacked Fluid Catalytic Cracking Global Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Market: By #Application Chemical Others

Cracking Catalytic cracking is a pivotal process in the petroleum refining industry, essential for converting heavy hydrocarbons into more valuable lighter fractions such as gasoline, diesel, and other petrochemical feedstocks. This process employs a catalyst, a substance that accelerates chemical reactions without being consumed in the process, to facilitate the breaking down of large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, more useful ones. The feed for catalytic cracking often includes straight-run heavy gas oil and flasher tops. Straight-run heavy gas oil is a fraction obtained directly from the atmospheric distillation of crude oil. It is heavier than kerosene and lighter than residual fuel oil, comprising long-chain hydrocarbons that are not suitable for use as fuels without further processing. Flasher tops, on the other hand, are the lighter fractions collected from the top of the vacuum distillation column in refineries. They include heavier hydrocarbons that boil at high temperatures and are also unsuitable for direct use as fuel. The catalytic cracking process begins with preheating the feedstocks to a high temperature, typically between 480°C and 550°C. The heated feed is then introduced into the reactor, where it comes into contact with the catalyst, often composed of zeolites due to their high surface area and acidity, which are ideal for facilitating the cracking reactions. In the reactor, the large hydrocarbon molecules are broken into smaller molecules through a series of complex chemical reactions. The catalyst provides active sites where the long hydrocarbon chains undergo thermal decomposition and catalytic cracking. This results in the formation of smaller hydrocarbons like gasoline, diesel, and various gases such as propane and butane. The cracked products are then separated in a fractionating column. Lighter fractions rise to the top and are collected as gases or light liquids, while heavier fractions are drawn from the bottom. Spent catalyst, now coated with carbonaceous deposits known as coke, is regenerated by burning off the coke in a regenerator unit, allowing the catalyst to be reused. Overall, catalytic cracking is a critical process in modern refineries, enhancing the yield of valuable lighter hydrocarbons from heavier feedstocks and thereby increasing the efficiency and profitability of petroleum refining operations. (Petroleum Refining William L. Leffller Penn Well - Written with AI assistance) #crack #catalyst #fractionating #propane #butane #coke

Post : 306 𝗔𝗻 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝘁𝗼 𝗣𝗲𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹𝗲𝘂𝗺 𝗥𝗲𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗨𝗹𝘁𝗿𝗮 𝗟𝗼𝘄 𝗦𝗨𝗟𝗙𝗨𝗥 𝗚𝗮𝘀𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗲𝗹 𝗙𝘂𝗲𝗹... All the Below Contents include in this document... • Introduction, • Petroleum Refining at a Glance, • Crude Oil at a Glance, i) The Chemical Constituents of Crude Oil, ii) Characterizing Crude Oils, √ API Gravity (Density), √ Sulfur Content, √ Classifying Crude Oils by API Gravity and Sulfur Content iii) Crude Oil Quality and Refining Economics, √ Average Crude Oil Quality is Trending Down, √ Crude Oil Quality Influences Crude Oil Pricing, • Fundamentals of Refinery Processing, i) Classifying Refineries by Configuration and Complexity, ii) Classes of Refining Processes, √ Crude Distillation, √ Conversion (Cracking) Processes, √ Upgrading Processes, √ Treating (Hydrotreating) Processes, √ Separation Processes, √ Utilities and Support Operations, √ Product Blending, • Fundamentals of ULSF Production, i) Key Properties of Gasoline and Diesel Blendstocks, √ Gasoline Blendstocks, √ Diesel Blendstocks, √ The Special Role of the Conversion Units, ii) Refining Processes Involved in Meeting ULSG and ULSD Standards, iii) Refinery Upgrading to Meet More Stringent Sulfur Standards, √ ULSG Production, √ ULSD Production, iv) Economics of Meeting ULSF Standards, √ Investment Requirements, √ Refining Cost, √ Energy Use and CO2 Emissions, • References. #petroleum #refining #oilandgas

Post : 80 𝗣𝗲𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹𝗲𝘂𝗺 𝗥𝗲𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗳𝗼𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗡𝗼𝗻𝗧𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗻𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗼𝗻 𝟮-𝗻𝗱 𝗘𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻... 𝗔𝘂𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗿: 𝕎𝕚𝕝𝕝𝕚𝕒𝕞 𝕃. 𝕃𝕖𝕗𝕗𝕝𝕖𝕣 𝟙𝟡𝟠𝟝 Petroleum refining processes are the chemical engineering processes and other facilities used in petroleum refineries (also referred to as oil refineries) to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), gasoline or Petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils. All the Below Contents include in this document.... • Introduction, • Crude oil Characteristics, • Distilling, • Flashing, • The Chemistry of Petroleum, • Cat Cracking, • Refinery Gas Plants, • Alkylation, • Catalytic Reforming, • Residue Reduction, • Hydrocracking, • Gasoline Blending, • Distillate Fuels, • Asphalt and Residual Fuel, • Hydrogen, Hydrotreating and Sulfur plants, • Isomerization, • Solvent Recovery of Aromatics, • Ethylene Plants, • Simple and Complex Refineries, • Crude oil, Condensate and Natural Gas liquids, • Fuel Values - Heating Values. #petroleumrefining #oilandgas #petrochemical #petoleum #gasoline #crudeoil #cracking #blending #distillation #residue #isomerization

Project Report on Requirements and Costs for Setting up a Naphtha Manufacturing Plant Naphtha is a flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixture. It is typically produced from crude oil refining or natural gas processing and is a versatile feedstock in various industries due to its complex composition. The composition of naphtha can vary depending on its source and the refining process. It typically contains hydrocarbons with carbon numbers ranging from C5 to C12, but it may also contain higher or lower carbon number compounds. Read more at: https://bit.ly/45OMgP3 #Naphtha #naphthamanufacturingplant #syndicatedanalytics #rawmaterials #manufacturingPlant #projectreport #plantcost #costanalysis #businessplan #plantsetup

🌟 From Crude Oil to Finished Products: Petroleum Refining 🌟 Petroleum refining is a fascinating and intricate process that transforms crude oil into the essential products we use every day. From fuels to plastics, this process is crucial for modern society. Let's take a look at the steps involved in this remarkable transformation: 🔹 1. Extraction and Transport;  The journey begins with the extraction of crude oil from beneath the Earth's surface. This is done using drilling rigs that can operate on land or offshore. Once extracted, the crude oil is transported to refineries via pipelines, ships, or rail. 🔹 2. Distillation;  At the refinery, the crude oil undergoes distillation. This process involves heating the oil to separate it into different components based on their boiling points. The result is a variety of fractions, including gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and heavy oils. 🔹 3. Conversion/Cracking;  To maximize the yield of valuable products, the heavier fractions are subjected to conversion processes. These include catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, and reforming. These processes break down larger molecules into smaller, more useful ones. 🔹 4. Treatment;  The refined products must be treated to remove impurities such as sulfur, nitrogen, and metals. Desulfurization and other treatment methods ensure that the end products meet environmental and quality standards. 🔹 5. Blending;  Different fractions are blended together to create final products like gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, and lubricants. Additives may be included to enhance performance and meet specific regulatory requirements. 🔹 6. Storage and Distribution;  Once refined and blended, the products are stored in tanks and then transported to distribution points. This includes pipelines, tanker trucks, and ships, ensuring that the products reach consumers around the world. 🔹 7. Quality Control;  Throughout the entire process, rigorous quality control measures are in place. This ensures that the end products are safe, reliable, and meet the required specifications. 🔹 8. Environmental Considerations;  Refineries are committed to minimizing their environmental impact. This includes reducing emissions, managing waste, and improving energy efficiency. Advanced technologies and stringent regulations play a key role in this effort. The petroleum refining process is a testament to human ingenuity and technological advancement. It's a critical industry that fuels our transportation, powers our industries, and supports our daily lives. #PetroleumRefining #EnergyIndustry #CrudeOil #Engineering #Sustainability #Innovation #Energy #Refinery #OilAndGas #ChemicalEngineering Source: https://lnkd.in/dz3byQHR