We need to make public transport the most efficient form of transportation. This can be done by adding more modes of public transport in directions and roads previously unavailable. Also add bicycles for rent or such systems to aid public transport system.

Civil engineers can tackle urban congestion with smart, tech-driven solutions. For example, AI-powered traffic lights adjust in real-time to ease traffic flow, and IoT sensors monitor road conditions to provide up-to-the-minute travel data. Integrated public transit apps encourage people to use eco-friendly transportation, while smart parking systems reduce time spent searching for spots. With these technologies, cities can breathe easier and move smoother.

Urban congestion is a significant challenge in cities like Kanpur, lucknow and northern CAT B and CAT C cities to alleviate it, cities can deploy various technologies to improve traffic flow, optimize transportation systems, and reduce overall congestion. Here are some effective options: 1. Smart Traffic Management Systems 2. Public Transit 3. Mobility as a Service 4. Shared Mobility Solutions 5. Parking Management 6. Electric and Autonomous Vehicles 7. Integrated Urban Planning Zoning for Mixed-Use Development 8. Data-Driven Policy Making 9. Public Awareness and Behavioral Change These technologies require government collaboration with private players, community participation, and consistent funding to achieve long-term success.

Urban congestion plagues cities worldwide, but solutions like those in Singapore offer a roadmap for such congestion. Singapore's Electronic Road Pricing (ERP), integrated public transport, and vehicle quota system have reduced traffic and improved air quality. Cities like Mumbai, with its dense population and heavy traffic, can adopt similar measures. Expanding Metro and BRT systems, introducing congestion pricing, and creating pedestrian-friendly infrastructure can help. With smart traffic systems and public awareness, these strategies can reduce reliance on private vehicles. With proper planning and stakeholder engagement, cities like Mumbai can lead India towards sustainable urban development.

Dedicated lanes are crucial for reducing urban congestion, with effectiveness increasing from simple painted lines to fully separated barriers. Queue bypasses and jumps at intersections, coupled with strategic traffic laws like parking and loading exemptions for transit, can further ease congestion. As electric and autonomous vehicles emerge, civil engineers must adapt infrastructure to integrate these innovations, ensuring sustainable and efficient traffic control.

We need to address it at 3 fronts- 1. It's high time, we go for dedicated ducts for various cables,pipes and also we do proper planning to avoid digging up again & again. 2.There is quite less road space in many old cities. To fast-track the traffic, MRTS & flyovers are required. These need to be constructed with innovatively to occupy less space even during construction, and we must try to widen roads to max. extent possible before hand. This is particularly important in case of ramps of Metro lines & road flyovers as these eat away lot of road space permanently. 3. There must be fast removal of unauthorised structures and encroachments so that the public at large does not face the hurdles of delayed projects and traffic jams.

Expanding Road Networks: Constructing new roads, widening existing ones, and building flyovers and underpasses can improve traffic flow and reduce congestion hotspots. Efficient Public Transportation: Investing in high-quality public transportation systems like buses, trains, and subways encourages people to shift from private vehicles, reducing road congestion. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS): Implementing ITS technologies like traffic signal optimization, real-time traffic information, and variable message signs helps manage traffic flow efficiently. Urban Planning and Design: Land Use Planning: Careful planning of residential, commercial, and industrial zones can minimize travel distances and reduce traffic congestion.

Urban congestion is a serious challenge in our cities, however this is more of an urban planning problem governed by national policies. Innovative technologies do assist but remember congestion also means the carrying capacity of the given affected land has been exceeded and high pressure on resources and environmental pollution. These innovative technologies should address the issue holistically making sure the infrastructure is capable of servicing the large sprouting populations. This is where master planning comes in, with all these innovative technologies implemented from the city construction stage. Why do we seek to address a challenge years later, Don't engineers design for growth and expansion?

Use of public transport is recommended instead of using Private transport for day to day activities. Underground Railway Service or Monorail Construction will be useful for mass movement. Separate track by categorizing type of vehicle.