How can journalists conduct research on criminal cases in a respectful way?

1 Check your motives

Before you start researching a criminal case, ask yourself why you want to cover it and what value it will add to your audience. Is it relevant, timely, or impactful? Does it expose injustice, raise awareness, or inspire action? Or is it sensational, exploitative, or voyeuristic? Be honest and critical about your motives and avoid pursuing stories that are driven by curiosity, ego, or profit.

2 Know your rights and responsibilities

As a journalist, you have the right to access and report on public information, such as court records, police reports, or official statements. However, you also have the responsibility to respect the privacy, dignity, and safety of the people involved in the case. You should follow the ethical codes and standards of your profession and your media outlet, and be aware of the legal implications of your research. For example, you should not trespass, harass, or misrepresent yourself to obtain information.

3 Seek consent and cooperation

When you want to interview or quote someone who is directly affected by a criminal case, such as a victim, a witness, or a source, you should always seek their consent and cooperation. You should explain who you are, what you are working on, and how you will use their information. You should also respect their right to decline, withdraw, or limit their participation. You should not pressure, manipulate, or coerce them to share their story.

4 Be sensitive and empathetic

When you interact with people who are involved in a criminal case, you should be sensitive and empathetic to their emotions and needs. You should not ask intrusive, insensitive, or irrelevant questions that may trigger or retraumatize them. You should also avoid making judgments, assumptions, or stereotypes about them. You should listen actively, acknowledge their feelings, and thank them for their time and trust.

5 Verify and contextualize

When you research a criminal case, you should verify and contextualize the information you collect from different sources. You should cross-check facts, dates, names, and details to ensure accuracy and avoid errors or misinformation. You should also provide background, history, and analysis to help your audience understand the broader issues and implications of the case. You should not omit, distort, or exaggerate information that may mislead or confuse your audience.

6 Protect and support

When you report on a criminal case, you should protect and support the people who contributed to your research. You should use pseudonyms, blur faces, or withhold identifying details if they request anonymity or confidentiality. You should also provide them with resources, referrals, or follow-ups if they need assistance or support. You should not expose them to harm, threats, or backlash from the authorities, the perpetrators, or the public.