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    Navigating Complexity: A Practice Guide
    Navigating Complexity: A Practice Guide
    Navigating Complexity: A Practice Guide
    Ebook181 pages2 hours

    Navigating Complexity: A Practice Guide

    By Project Management Institute Project Management Institute

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    About this ebook

    With greater organizational complexities looming on the horizon, PMI has introduced Navigating Complexity: A Practice Guide. The definitive guide expands upon the principles, tools, and techniques presented in the PMBOK Guide and other foundational standards, providing a streamlined approach to understanding and navigating complexity. This groundbreaking guide fills a void, providing the first published reference to help project management professionals successfully mitigate complexities and accomplish their organizational goals.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherProject Management Institute
    Release dateMar 1, 2014
    ISBN9781628250718
    Navigating Complexity: A Practice Guide

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      Book preview

      Navigating Complexity - Project Management Institute Project Management Institute

      Project Management Institute

      NAVIGATING COMPLEXITY: A PRACTICE GUIDE

      Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Navigating complexity : a practice guide / Project Management Institute.

       pages cm

      Includes bibliographical references.

      ISBN-13: 978-1-62825-036-7 (alk. paper)

      ISBN-10: 1-62825-036-4 (alk. paper)

      1. Leadership. 2. Communication in management. 3. Critical thinking. 4. Strategic planning. I. Project Management Institute.

      HD57.7.N385 2014

      658.4’04--dc23

      2013049393

      ISBN: 978-1-62825-036-7

      Published by:

      Project Management Institute, Inc.

      14 Campus Boulevard

      Newtown Square, Pennsylvania 19073-3299 USA

      Phone: +610-356-4600

      Fax: +610-356-4647

      Email: [email protected]

      Internet: www.PMI.org

      ©2014 Project Management Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

      PMI, the PMI logo, PMP, the PMP logo, PMBOK, PgMP, Project Management Journal, PM Network, and the PMI Today logo are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc. The Quarter Globe Design is a trademark of the Project Management Institute, Inc. For a comprehensive list of PMI marks, contact the PMI Legal Department.

      PMI Publications welcomes corrections and comments on its books. Please feel free to send comments on typographical, formatting, or other errors. Simply make a copy of the relevant page of the book, mark the error, and send it to: Book Editor, PMI Publications, 14 Campus Boulevard, Newtown Square, PA 19073-3299 USA.

      To inquire about discounts for resale or educational purposes, please contact the PMI Book Service Center.

      PMI Book Service Center

      P.O. Box 932683, Atlanta, GA 31193-2683 USA

      Phone: 1-866-276-4764 (within the U.S. or Canada) or +1-770-280-4129 (globally)

      Fax: +1-770-280-4113

      Email: [email protected]

      Printed in the United States of America. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, manual, photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior written permission of the publisher.

      The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48—1984).

      10  9  8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1

      NOTICE

      The Project Management Institute, Inc. (PMI) standards and guideline publications, of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a voluntary consensus standards development process. This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an interest in the topic covered by this publication. While PMI administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not write the document and it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy or completeness of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards and guideline publications.

      PMI disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of application, or reliance on this document. PMI disclaims and makes no guaranty or warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, and disclaims and makes no warranty that the information in this document will fulfill any of your particular purposes or needs. PMI does not undertake to guarantee the performance of any individual manufacturer or seller's products or services by virtue of this standard or guide.

      In publishing and making this document available, PMI is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is PMI undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Information and other standards on the topic covered by this publication may be available from other sources, which the user may wish to consult for additional views or information not covered by this publication.

      PMI has no power, nor does it undertake to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. PMI does not certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for safety or health purposes. Any certification or other statement of compliance with any health or safety-related information in this document shall not be attributable to PMI and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement.

      TABLE OF CONTENTS

      PREFACE

      1 INTRODUCTION

      1.1 Purpose and Structure of this Complexity Practice Guide

      2 ORGANIZATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

      2.1 Leadership

      2.2 Portfolio Management

      2.3 Collaboration for Successful Outcomes

      2.4 Performance Metrics

      2.5 Impact of Organizational Structures

      2.5.1 Leveraging PMO Support and Governance

      2.6 Resource Gap Analysis

      2.7 Senior Management, Practitioner, and Team Competency

      3 ENCOUNTERING COMPLEXITY

      3.1 Three Categories of Complexity

      3.2 Human Behavior

      3.2.1 Individual Behavior

      3.2.2 Group, Organizational, and Political Behavior

      3.2.3 Communication and Control

      3.2.4 Organizational Design and Development

      3.3 System Behavior

      3.3.1 Connectedness

      3.3.2 Dependency

      3.3.3 System Dynamics

      3.4 Ambiguity

      3.4.1 Emergence

      3.4.2 Uncertainty

      4 PMI FOUNDATIONAL STANDARDS AND USEFUL PRACTICES

      4.1 PMI Foundational Standards

      4.1.1 Scope

      4.1.2 Communications

      4.1.3 Stakeholders

      4.1.4 Risk

      4.2 Useful Practices

      4.2.1 Optimize the Organizational Structures

      4.2.2 Establish Effective Governance

      4.2.3 Diligently Research the Program or Project Prior to Approval

      4.2.4 Match the Manager and Key Team Members to the Program or Project

      4.2.5 Listen to Experts

      4.2.6 Manage Integration Effectively

      4.2.7 Focus on Change Management

      4.2.8 Encourage a Resilient Mindset

      4.2.9 Pay Attention to Small Signs that May Signify Major Changes

      4.2.10 Avoid Oversimplification

      4.2.11 Encourage Reflective Thinking

      5 NAVIGATING COMPLEXITY: THE ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE

      5.1 Assessing and Navigating Complexity

      6 COMPLEXITY SCENARIOS AND POSSIBLE ACTIONS

      6.1 Using the Complexity Scenarios

      6.2 Complexity Scenario Mapping Example

      7 DEVELOPING AN ACTION PLAN

      7.1 Apply Critical Thinking

      7.1.1 Review Sections 2 through 6

      7.1.2 Review Assessment Data

      7.1.3 Review Standards, Knowledge, and Experience

      7.1.4 Perform Critical Thinking

      7.1.5 Build Action Plans

      7.2 Implementing and Managing the Action Plan

      REFERENCES

      APPENDIX X1 CONTRIBUTORS AND REVIEWERS OF NAVIGATING COMPLEXITY: A PRACTICE GUIDE

      APPENDIX X2 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY—A LITERATURE REVIEW

      APPENDIX X3 MAPPING TEMPLATE FOR NAVIGATING COMPLEXITY

      GLOSSARY

      LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

      Figure 2-1.    Capability Requirements for Managers of Programs or Projects with Complexity

      Figure 3-1.    Three Categories of Complexity and Associated Causes

      Figure 3-2.    Causes of Complexity Pertaining to Human Behavior

      Figure 3-3.    Causes of Complexity under System Behavior

      Figure 3-4.    Causes of Ambiguity

      Figure 5-1.    How to Use the Complexity Assessment Process

      Figure 6-1.    Sample Scenarios and Possible Actions

      Figure 7-1.    Developing an Action Plan

      Figure 7-2.    Critical Thinking Combined with this Practice Guide, Standards, and Experiences

      Table 2-1.      Resource Gap Analysis Example

      Table 4-1.      Maturity and Consistent Use of PPM Techniques, Methods, and Practices among High- and Low-Performing Organizations

      Table 5-1.      Assessment Questionnaire

      Table 6-1.      Complexity Scenarios

      Table 6-2.      Complexity Scenario Mapping Example

      Table X3-1.   Mapping Template for Navigating Complexity

      PREFACE

      Navigating Complexity: A Practice Guide is a complementary document to PMI's foundational standards. This practice guide provides guidance to organizations and practitioners on how to manage programs and projects that are impacted by complexity. This practice guide exemplifies PMI's continuing commitment to support the project management profession with a defined body of knowledge.

      While complexity varies depending on an individual's perspective, experience, and knowledge, complexity may be viewed as challenging characteristics of programs and projects that organizations and practitioners encounter in today's fast-paced, competitive, dynamic environment. In order to navigate complexity, efforts such as setting up the appropriate organizational structure, diligently researching the program or project prior to approval, cultivating talents, fostering leadership, practicing effective communications, nurturing flexibility, being resilient, and applying critical thinking to implement appropriate, thoughtful action plans are necessary.

      A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide), The Standard for Program Management, The Standard for Portfolio Management, and Organizational Project Management Maturity Model (OPM3®) provide the foundational concepts, processes, tools, and techniques for the profession. These foundations are applicable and useful as part of the resources in navigating complexity. The ability to appropriately choose and tailor an approach, tool, or technique may come with experience but preparedness, awareness, and vigilance should elevate the chances for successful outcomes.

      A practice guide is a new category in the PMI library of standards, which is intended to encourage discussion related to areas of practice where there may not yet be consensus. Innovation, combined with

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