Getting Started with Oracle WebLogic Server 12c: Developer’s Guide

Table of Contents

Getting Started with Oracle WebLogic Server 12c: Developer's Guide

Credits

About the Authors

About the Reviewers

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Free Access for Packt account holders

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Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Downloading the example code

Errata

Piracy

Questions

1. Overview of WebLogic Server 12c and Related Technologies

Introducing Oracle WebLogic Server 12c

WebLogic Server @ Oracle

Most relevant features

Overview of JDK 7

The Project Coin

The diamond operator

The try-with-resources statement

Strings in switch statements

Manipulating binary integral literals

Exception handling with multicatch statements

Delving into Java EE 6

Other technologies in the book

Oracle Enterprise Pack for Eclipse

Oracle Coherence

PrimeFaces

MySQL

The Cloud Application Foundation (CAF)

Oracle Traffic Director

Oracle Tuxedo

Oracle Virtual Assembly Builder

Oracle Exalogic and WebLogic 12c

Web resources

Java and Java EE 6

WebLogic 12c

Coherence

Other tools

Summary

2. Setting Up the Environment

About the directory structure

Installing JDK 1.7

Installing Oracle WebLogic Server

Installing Oracle Enterprise Pack for Eclipse (OEPE)

Installing MySQL

Installing on Linux using a package manager

Downloading and installing manually

Disabling case sensitivity for tables on Unix/Linux

Some Windows specifics

Configuring MySQL databases

Preparing PrimeFaces

Downloading the binaries

Creating a shared library

Setting up a WebLogic domain

Configuring Eclipse and OEPE

Linking WebLogic's runtime environment

Adding a reference to the PrimeFaces' shared library

Linking WebLogic Server's instance

Referencing MySQL databases

Creating WebLogic data sources

Adding database connections to Eclipse

Using OpenLDAP

Installing OpenLDAP

Configuring an OpenLDAP server

Loading sample entries and testing

Web resources

Summary

3. Java EE Basics – Persistence, Query, and Presentation

The business scenario – movie ticket system

Business entities of the system

Organizing projects in Eclipse

Creating the StoreBO project

Generating classes from database tables

Creating named queries

Tweaking the persistence.xml file

Packing the project

The Store web project

Adding references to PrimeFaces' shared library

Adding references to StoreBO

Referencing the persistence configuration file

Creating a named bean

Configuring the Web descriptor

Defining the test page

Deploying and testing the application

Web resources

Summary

4. Creating RESTful Services with JAX-RS

Creating Theater entities

Customizing the generated entities

Creating named queries

Preventing cyclic references

Formatting exhibitions' date and time

Completing the persistence.xml file

Packaging the library

Creating the Theater web application

Setting up the project

Enabling JAX-RS

Exposing RESTful Services through JAX-RS

Coding the API

Testing the web service

Creating the REST client

Configuring JAX-RS client libraries and optional package

Creating the web service consumer

Updating the SearchManager bean

Updating the query page

Structuring the web application

Applying templates through Facelets

Creating an entity listing page

Web resources

Summary

5. Singleton Bean, Validations, and SOAP Web Services

Using bean validation

About built-in constraints

Combining and grouping validation rules

Creating a custom constraint

Coding a constraint validator

Showing validation messages

Using the message component

PrimeFaces's Growl

Dealing with null and empty strings on JSF components

Singleton session beans

Implementing a singleton session bean

Understanding how to use the startup annotation

Establishing a startup and shutdown sequence

Dealing with concurrency when using singletons

Singleton applied to web services

Persisting an object using JPA

Understanding the available transaction contexts

Using container-managed transactions

Using bean-managed transactions

Acquiring a transaction context manually

A brief intermission

Web services and SOAP

The reservation web service

Testing the service provider

Consuming the service

Web resources

Summary

6. Using Events, Interceptors, and Logging Services

Understanding interceptors

Creating a log interceptor

Interceptors and Aspect Oriented Programming

Using asynchronous methods

Understanding WebLogic's logging service

Anatomy of a log message

Redirecting standard output to a log file

Integrating Log4J to WebLogic's logging services

Accessing and reading log files

Events

Defining audit events

Web resources

Summary

7. Remote Access with JMS

WebLogic clients

Thin T3 client – wlthint3client.jar

RMI thin client – wlclient.jar

JMS thin client – wljmsclient.jar

JMS SAF client – wlsafclient.jar

JMS T3 SAF client – wlsaft3client.jar

Full client – wlfullclient.jar

JMX client – wljmxclient.jar

Java Messaging Service (JMS) and WebLogic

The persistent store

The JMS server

The JMS module

The JMS subdeployment

The JMS queue

The JMS connection factory

Posting messages from a standalone client

Creating the project

Coding the message producer

Queuing messages

Consuming messages with an MDB

Configuring thread limits for MDBs

The Store-and-Forward client feature

Creating the configuration file

Encrypting the connection password

Adjusting the configuration file

Adjusting the code

Testing the SAF client

Web resources

Summary

8. Adding Security

Exploring Java SE and Java EE security

WebLogic security

Authentication providers and security realms

Using an external LDAP server

Configuring an OpenLDAP authentication provider

Securing the web application

Modifying the web.xml descriptor file

Modifying the weblogic.xml descriptor file

Creating and mapping a global role

Creating the login form

Testing the login procedure

Protecting WebLogic resources

Signing up a user and OpenLDAP

Creating a user on the database

Publishing a customer to a JMS queue

Security policies for the JMS queue

Updating the login bean

From the JMS queue to the LDAP server

Creating the LDAP client

Creating the MDB

Testing LDAP user provisioning

Completing the application

Web resources

Summary

9. Servlets, Composite Components, and WebSockets

Overview of JavaServer Faces

Using composite components

Learning a few Servlet tricks

Deprecated features

Identifying the default name of a servlet

Asynchronous request processing

Creating dynamic components

Using WebSockets

Creating the server component

Testing the component

Using an encrypted connection

Web resources

Summary

10. Scaling Up the Application

Introducing the Node Manager

Defining machines

Using Cluster and Managed Servers

Creating a static cluster

Creating a dynamic cluster

Configuring a software load balancer

Creating a new Managed Server for load balancing

Enabling the load balancer

Retargeting applications and resources

Updating web.xml of clustered web applications

Retargeting auxiliary components

Making the application cluster friendly

Changing deployment target from Eclipse

Using a singleton service

Creating a singleton service

Adjusting the service client

Using Oracle Coherence

Replicating sessions with Coherence*Web

Creating a Coherence cluster

Enabling Coherence*Web storage

Adjusting the application to use the cache

Caching JPA objects with TopLink Grid

Web resources

Summary

11. Some WebLogic Internals

Understanding deployment structures

Packaging as an archived file

Using an exploded archive directory

Using a virtual application

Configuring the deployment model

Using FastSwap to reduce deployment time

Packaging modules into an application

Creating an application-scoped module

Restricting access to an application-scoped resource

Declaring data sources using annotations

Using the Classloader Analysis Tool (CAT)

Starting CAT

Finding potential conflicts

Using RESTful management services

Enabling the management service

Monitoring resources

Formatting the response

Web resources

Summary

Index

Getting Started with Oracle WebLogic Server 12c: Developer's Guide

Getting Started with Oracle WebLogic Server 12c: Developer's Guide

Copyright © 2013 Packt Publishing

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First published: September 2013

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Credits

Authors

Fabio Mazanatti Nunes

William Markito Oliveira

Reviewers

Daniel Amadei

Vinicius Rodrigo dos Santos

Wickes Potgieter

Acquisition Editors

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Julian Ursell

Lead Technical Editor

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Technical Editors

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Project Coordinators

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Proofreaders

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Graphics

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Production Coordinator

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Cover Work

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About the Authors

Fabio Mazanatti Nunes: With more than two decades of experience in system design and development, Fabio worked in a wide range of projects and architectures (mainframe, client-server, distributed architecture, and SOA) for large corporations in Brazil, and for the last dozen years, he specialized in the architecture and implementation of Java EE and SOA solutions, mainly using BEA and Oracle products. You can find more material related to these topics on his blog, http://mazanatti.info.

I'd like to thank my wife, Valesca, for her constant support and for keeping calm and distracting the little ones while I was focused on writing this book, my kids, Gabriela and Caio, for being such wonderful people and a joy in my life, and my parents, for always being there for us.

A great thank you to my friend and co-author, William, for not letting my acid comments corrode his will to get this book done and for being such a curious and committed individual, raising the bar for everyone who happen to work with him.

I'd also like to thank the technical reviewers of the book, especially my friends Vinicius Santos and Daniel Amadei for accepting this tricky task and for being such nice lads to work with.

Finally, I'd like to mention the honey badger as our role model for this project, because he just takes what he wants, and sometimes in life, that's what we should do—in a positive way, of course!

William Markito Oliveira has more than 15 years of experience in software development, including solution architecture and consulting. For the last few years, he had focused on Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) solutions, Enterprise Application Integration (EAI), and system optimization.

Currently, he is looking into cloud systems with specific focus on in-memory data grid and Java EE. He is also a member of the Java EE Tutorial documentation team, helping with write-ups and code examples about new Java EE technologies and can be reached at Twitter (@william_markito) or through his blog, http://blog.markito.info.

He has authored another book, The Java EE 6 Tutorial: Advanced Topics, Fourth Edition, Addison-Wesley Professional, 978-0-13708-186-8.

I'd like to thank my wife Rebeca, as she was always supportive and encouraged me several times during the writing, helping me by distracting our little man when he tried to type his own words for the book.

Antônio, my son, who also behaved and understood things beyond his age, by letting me write the book while watching Toy Story several times in a row. Love you both more than anything.

Also, a special mention to my family, especially my mother, father, and stepfather. Regina, Antônio, and Vanderlei, thank you for giving me the best and for always being supportive during my night hacks.

Thanks to the reviewers, who prevented us from publishing some silly errors and gave us great ideas on how to write things in a clear way, especially my friend and the best man, Daniel Amadei.

And of course, I'd like to thank the Honey Badger and Fabio, for always being so inspirational and hustler on the way we look at computers and programming in general.

About the Reviewers

Daniel Amadei is a Senior Principal Consultant working for Oracle Consulting Services in Brazil and has more than 10 years of experience in the IT market, being a specialized consultant and solutions architect for SOA and Enterprise Applications. He has strong analytical and problem-solving abilities with solid experience in the development and architecture of applications.

He is a specialist in SOA and EAI Oracle middleware products, web services and related technologies, and the Java Platform, especially Java EE. He has been working with Java since 1999, and SOA/EAI since 2007, and has, at the time of this book's writing, eight certifications related to his specialties, including Oracle Certified SOA Architect, Oracle SOA Foundation Practitioner, and Sun Certified Enterprise Architect for J2EE.

You can write to him at <[email protected]>, and read about his works at http://www.amadei.com.br.

I'd like to thank the authors for giving me the chance to learn a lot by reviewing the book.

Wickes Potgieter has worked as a product specialist for over 12 years. His main focus was on the BEA WebLogic suite of products, and after the Oracle acquisition of BEA Systems, he focused on the Oracle Fusion Middleware suite of products. His experience ranges from Solution Architecture, Infrastructure Design, administration, development, pre-sales, and training to performance tuning of the Oracle Fusion Middleware products, JVM, and custom applications. He specializes in Oracle WebLogic Server, JRockit, Service Bus, SOA, AIA, BPM, BAM, Enterprise Manager 11g/12c, WebCenter, Identity & Access Management, and Application Performance Management.

They have formed a specialized consulting company in 2003 with offices in the United Kingdom and South Africa, covering customers in the EMEA region. They are in partnership with Oracle Gold and have a team of specialized Oracle Fusion Middleware consultants servicing customers both onsite and offsite.

The website of TSI-Systems is www.tsisystems.co.uk, and Wickes can be contacted on .

I would like to thank my wife Mary Jane for her patience and for assisting me through all the late nights. Thank you to all my friends and family for constant encouragement.

Vinícius Rodrigo dos Santos has been working on software development since 1999 on high school projects and has developed his career focusing on middleware and EAI ever since.

He has worked for companies as a Software Engineer in South America and North America, creating and maintaining critical systems that served clients around the world.

After dedicating the last 5 years almost exclusively to SOA, he is now focused on multiplatform mobile development and cloud computing solutions.

The solutions he has worked with have served companies mainly focused on Vehicle Engineering, Home Broker, Telecommunications, and the Government.

He now owns a startup named IstyaTech ( http://www.istya.net ) in Brazil that serves customers on mobile and cloud computing solutions.

I would like to thank my parents, my mother Elisabete Brito dos Santos and my father Raimundo Nonato dos Santos, for giving me support in my young years so I could one day participate in a project as satisfying as this one. Of course my special thanks goes to my loving wife Cristiane Danna who has given me strength to carry on; I love you.

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Preface

Oracle WebLogic Server has been the most innovative and important application server in the market since its conception in 1995. In release 12c, which brings support for Java EE 6 platform and JDK 7, it provides developers and administrators several new and powerful functionalities along with long-awaited improvements to existing features.

With this book you will learn some of the basic WebLogic Server concepts such as domains, managed servers and node managers, and dive into more practical topics such as how to expose and consume web services and how to use and protect JMS queues, exploring Java EE 6 APIs and features such as context dependency injection (CDI), EJB 3.1, JPA 2.1, and others. This is done through an incremental development of a business case, building up a sample application with very detailed steps and screenshots, so readers can follow and apply them to real-world solutions.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Overview of WebLogic Server 12c and Related Technologies, presents an overview of the latest Java Development Kit (JDK) 7 and Java EE 6 technologies, along with an introduction to the most relevant features of Oracle WebLogic 12c. It also positions WebLogic Server 12c in the Oracle Cloud Application Foundation (CAF) architecture.

Chapter 2, Setting Up the Environment, explains how to install and configure Oracle WebLogic Server and an IDE (Eclipse OEPE), setting them up to be able to develop and run the sample applications we will build throughout the book. We also set up a database (MySQL) and an LDAP Server (OpenLDAP).

Chapter 3, Java EE Basics – Persistence, Query, and Presentation, defines the business case used as a background to the technical features and implementation details that will be covered throughout the remaining chapters, giving an overview of some of the basic features of Java EE and WebLogic Server—how to create and use an optional package, the creation of a web application and a persistence layer project, including how to deploy and do sanity checks on them.

Chapter 4, Creating RESTful Services with JAX-RS, shows how to create and expose an Enterprise JavaBean as a RESTful web service through the usage of JAX-RS annotations, representing the business entities as JSON or XML instances leveraging JAXB parsing.

Chapter 5, Singleton Bean, Validations, and SOAP Web Services, explains the concepts of the validation framework, showing how to use the built-in rules and how to create custom validations. The chapter demonstrates how to persist an entity to the database and the transactional aspects involved in this operation. There is also the development of a JAX-WS service and an example of a Java EE singleton bean.

Chapter 6, Using Events, Interceptors, and Logging Service, shows how to use Java EE interceptors by creating a logging annotation that can be attached to classes or methods, how to publish and observe events by using CDI, how to create and use asynchronous methods on an EJB, and details about the logging services available in WebLogic Server.

Chapter 7, Remote Access with JMS, explains the different modes of remote connection presented by WebLogic Server, creating a standalone Java application to post messages to a JMS Queue and then enhancements to avoid problems when the server is down by keeping the message local using the SAF client.

Chapter 8, Adding Security, covers the basics of the Java EE Security model with step-by-step instructions on how to configure it on a WebLogic server, creating an authentication mechanism using LDAP, and integrating it on the sample application.

Chapter 9, Servlets, Composite Components, and WebSockets, shows how to create and apply reusable web components by applying JSF templates, how to create and test a WebSocket component, and includes a few tips about the new Servlet specification.

Chapter 10, Scaling Up the Application, explains how to create and configure a WebLogic Server cluster using a software load balancer to distribute requests among the servers, how to make session replication more scalable by using Coherence*Web, and how to use the WebLogic Singleton Service.

Chapter 11, Some WebLogic Internals, covers a few features brought by WebLogic Server and Java EE 6 that helps the development process by cutting deployment time, optimizing class redefinitions without the need to restart the whole application, finding classloader issues, and monitoring server resources in a simple way.

What you need for this book

The following are the software applications we will use to develop and test the sample applications of this book:

Oracle Java JDK Version 7u21 or newer

Oracle WebLogic Server Version 12.1.2

Oracle Enterprise Pack for Eclipse (OEPE) Version 12.1.2

MySQL server and client packages, Version 5.1 or newer

PrimeFaces Version 3.5

OpenLDAP Version 2.4.x

We need to run at least one instance of Oracle WebLogic Server, the development environment, Eclipse with OEPE (Oracle Eclipse Pack for Eclipse), MySQL server, and OpenLDAP. You may be able to run all this on a machine with 2 GB of RAM, but consider at least 4 GB to have a smoother experience.

Who this book is for

This book is intended for entry level and intermediate Java EE developers who want to learn how to develop for and use Oracle WebLogic Server by showing how to apply its concepts and features to a real-world scenario. The book is also intended for those who want to learn about the new features of 12c and Java EE 6 releases, and how those updates make things easier and more productive, both at design and runtime.

Conventions

In this book, you will find a number of styles of text that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles, and an explanation of their meaning.

Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: You can find the logging configuration file at $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/logging.properties.

A block of code is set as follows:

package com.packt.store.log;

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  @Nonbinding

  LogLevel value() default LogLevel.FINEST;

}

When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines or items are set in bold:

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@Inherited

@InterceptorBinding

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE})

public @interface Log {

  @Nonbinding

  LogLevel value() default LogLevel.FINEST;

}

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

/oracle/jdk1.7.0_21/bin/java/java -jar wls_121200.jar

New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the screen, in menus or dialog boxes for example, appear in the text like this: By clicking on the Print button the selected reservation will be printed.

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Feedback from our readers is always welcome. Let us know what you think about this book—what you liked or may have disliked. Reader feedback is important for us to develop titles that you really get the most out of.

To send us general feedback, simply send an e-mail to <[email protected]>, and mention the book title via the subject of your message.

If there is a topic that you have expertise in and you are interested in either writing or contributing to a book, see our author guide on www.packtpub.com/authors.

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Downloading the example code

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Errata

Although we have taken every care to ensure the accuracy of our content, mistakes do happen. If you find a mistake in one of our books—maybe a mistake in the text or the code—we would be grateful if you would report this to us. By doing so, you can save other readers from frustration and help us improve subsequent versions of this book. If you find any errata, please report them by visiting http://www.packtpub.com/submit-errata, selecting your book, clicking on the errata submission form link, and entering the details of your errata. Once your errata are verified, your submission will be accepted and the errata will be uploaded on our website, or added to any list of existing errata, under the Errata section of that title. Any existing errata can be viewed by selecting your title from http://www.packtpub.com/support.

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Questions

You can contact us at <[email protected]> if you are having a problem with any aspect of the book, and we will do our best to address it.

Chapter 1. Overview of WebLogic Server 12c and Related Technologies

In this chapter, we're going to see some basic information about the subject of this book, including:

A brief history of Oracle WebLogic Server

The most significant additions to Java SE Version 7

New features of Java EE 6, the specification implemented by the WebLogic Server

The improvements added to Version 12.1.2, the latest release of the product

Before we