Billboard Charts Legend

GENERAL INFORMATION

SALES

Data for Billboard‘s sales charts, which include all album charts are compiled by Luminate from a universe of retailers that represents more than 90% of the U.S. music retail market.

The sample includes not only music stores and the music departments at electronics and department stores, but also direct-to-consumer transactions and Internet sales (both physical albums via Internet, and ones bought via digital downloads). A limited array of verifiable sales from concert venues is also tabulated. All sales charts use the entire Luminate panel.

The Luminate system utilizes that same point-of-sale that music merchants use to track their inventory, so an itemized receipt from one’s last visit to a music retailer essentially doubles as a ballot cast for our charts.

AIRPLAY

Billboard‘s radio charts are compiled using information tracked by Mediabase, which electronically monitors radio stations in more than 140 markets across the U.S., as provided to Billboard by Luminate. The Mediabase system looks for an audio fingerprint, i.e., a characteristic that differentiates a song from all of the other ones that it tracks.

Certain airplay charts are based on the number of plays that each song received in a given format that week, including Pop Airplay (Mainstream Top 40), Adult Contemporary, Adult Pop Airplay (Adult Top 40), Alternative Airplay, Adult Alternative Airplay (Triple A), Mainstream Rock Airplay, Mainstream R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay, Rhythmic Airplay, Adult R&B Airplay, Christian AC Airplay, Gospel Airplay, Dance/Mix Show Airplay and Smooth Jazz Airplay. Others are based on audience impressions, including the all-format Radio Songs chart, Rock & Alternative Airplay, Country Airplay, R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay, Rap Airplay, Latin Airplay, Regional Mexican Airplay, Latin Pop Airplay, Latin Rhythm Airplay, Tropical Airplay, Christian Airplay and the seasonal Holiday Airplay chart.

The audience charts cross-reference plays information with listener information compiled by the Nielsen Audio ratings system to determine the approximate number of audience impressions made for each play. Thus, a song that plays at 4 a.m. does not count as much as one played at 4 p.m., and a station with a large audience will influence the chart more than either a station in a smaller market or one with a specialized format that attracts less audience.

With certain exceptions, stations tracked for Billboard by Mediabase are commercial stations.

STREAMING DATA

Billboard‘s Streaming Songs chart ranks the week’s top streamed programmed songs and on-demand songs and videos on leading online music services.

MIXING DATA

While many Billboard charts are either purely streaming-, radio- or sales-based, we mingle that data on a selection of charts: Billboard Hot 100, Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, Hot R&B Songs, Hot Rap Songs, Hot Country Songs, Hot Rock & Alternative Songs, Hot Rock Songs, Hot Alternative Songs, Hot Hard Rock Songs, Hot Latin Songs, Hot Dance/Electronic Songs, Hot Christian Songs and Hot Gospel Songs (as well as the Hot 100’s Bubbling Under chart, which ranks the top 25 titles that have not yet reached the Hot 100).

We use these three pools of data because while the consumer’s decision to purchase or stream is a significant vote of popularity, singles have a job that extends beyond being a sales vehicle: to capture radio play and streams and, hopefully, stimulate album sales.

THE CHART WEEK

Generally, charts reflect sales and airplay between Friday and Thursday of any given week.

Charts are refreshed every Tuesday on Billboard.com and reflect the date of the Billboard issue in which they appear; online-only charts display the same corresponding date.

The printed magazine first reaches newsstands on Saturday. Each issue is dated based on the end of its publication week. Thus, the Billboard that reaches newsstands on Saturday, March 19, for example, is dated that day.

RULES AND EXPLANATIONS

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

Below is a list of awards you’ll see on various Billboard charts and their meanings.

BULLET

Where included, indicates titles with the greatest weekly gains (based on charts’ overall point totals, whether for gains in streaming volume, sales volume, airplay plays/audience volume, or a combination of metrics, depending on which data a chart utilizes).

HOT SHOT DEBUT

Where included, indicates a chart’s highest-ranking new entry.

GREATEST GAINER

Where included on album charts, indicates the title with the chart’s largest unit increase. Where included on airplay charts, indicates the title with the chart’s largest increase in plays or audience, depending on which data the chart utilizes.

STREAMING GAINER

Where included on mixed airplay, sales and streaming charts, indicates the title with the chart’s largest increase in streaming.

AIRPLAY GAINER

Where included on mixed airplay, sales and streaming charts, indicates the title with the chart’s largest increase in radio audience.

SALES GAINER

Where included on mixed airplay, sales and streaming charts, indicates the title with the chart’s largest sales unit increase.

AIRPOWER

Where included on airplay charts, indicates titles appearing in the top 20 of a respective format’s plays and audience rankings for the first time with increases in both plays and audience.

PACESETTER

Where included on album charts, indicates the title with the chart’s biggest percentage growth.

RECURRENT RULES

Descending songs are removed from the Billboard Hot 100 and Radio Songs simultaneously after 20 weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 and if ranking below No. 50, or after 52 weeks if below No. 25. Descending songs are removed from Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, Hot Country Songs, Hot Rock & Alternative Songs, Hot Latin Songs, Hot Christian Songs, Hot Gospel Songs and Dance/Electronic Songs after 78 weeks if ranking below No. 3; after 52 weeks if ranking below No. 5; after 26 weeks if ranking below No. 10; and after 20 weeks if ranking below No. 25. Songs are removed from Hot Rock Songs, Hot Alternative Songs and Hot Hard Rock Songs, respectively, concurrent with their removal from Hot Rock & Alternative Songs. Songs are removed from Hot R&B Songs and Hot Rap Songs, respectively, concurrent with their removal from Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.

Recurrent rules for other airplay charts are as follows: Descending songs are removed from Pop Airplay, Rhythmic Airplay, Mainstream R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay, Dance/Mix Show Airplay and Smooth Jazz Airplay after 20 weeks if ranking below No. 15; from Adult Pop Airplay, Adult R&B Airplay, Christian Airplay, Christian AC Airplay, Gospel Airplay, Regional Mexican Airplay, Latin Pop Airplay, Tropical Airplay and Latin Rhythm after 52 weeks if ranking below No. 5, after 26 weeks if ranking below No. 10, or after 20 weeks if ranking below No. 15; from Adult Contemporary after 78 weeks if ranking below No. 5, after 52 weeks if ranking below No. 10, or after 26 weeks if ranking below No. 15; from Rock & Alternative Airplay, R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay and Latin Airplay after 52 weeks if ranking below No. 5, after 26 weeks if ranking below No. 10, or after 20 weeks if ranking below No. 20; and from Alternative Airplay, Mainstream Rock Airplay, Adult Alternative Airplay and Rap Airplay after 52 weeks if ranking below No. 10, or after 20 weeks if ranking below No. 15.

On Country Airplay, descending titles below No. 10 in either audience or detections are moved to recurrent after 20 weeks, provided that they are not still gaining enough audience points to bullet or if they rank below No. 10 and post a third consecutive week of (non-bulleted) audience decline, regardless of total chart weeks. Plus, songs that ascend to a peak between Nos. 1 and 5 will remain on the chart for one additional week even if dropping below No. 10.

AWARDS
PS	(PaceSetter for largest % album sales gain)
GG	(Greatest Gainer for largest volume gain)
DG	(Digital Sales Gainer)
AG	(Airplay Gainer)
SG	(Streaming Gainer)