Yann FERGUSON

Open Session to consider the revision of the SI in Versailles https://lnkd.in/eAsmqeEP The 26th General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) will take place in Versailles in November 2018. At this meeting, we expect the CGPM to approve a resolution to revise the definitions of the International System of Units, the SI, which is based on the second, the metre, the kilogram, the ampere, the kelvin, the mole and the candela (the SI base units). Over the last 50 years, scientists have measured constants of nature, such as the speed of light and the Planck constant, with increasing accuracy; indeed the metre was already redefined back in 1983 in terms of the speed of light. The inherent stability of these constants make them ideal for underpinning new definitions of the SI units and preparing the measurement system to meet the future demands of science and technology. If the resolution is approved, the SI will be based on seven physical constants, and thus inherently stable. Most notably, this will mark the end of the last remaining physical artefact in the SI system – a cylinder of metal known as the International Prototype of the Kilogram. The work needed to reach this point has taken many years, and has been a truly international effort. The universality of access that it will afford has been a long-standing goal for the metric system, dating back more than 200 years.

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Introduction to Classical Integrable Systems by CEA and Sorbonne Université https://lnkd.in/ezvYhK-f This book provides a thorough introduction to the theory of classical integrable systems, discussing the various approaches to the subject and explaining their interrelations. The book begins by introducing the central ideas of the theory of integrable systems, based on Lax representations, loop groups and Riemann surfaces. These ideas are then illustrated with detailed studies of model systems. The connection between isomonodromic deformation and integrability is discussed, and integrable field theories are covered in detail. The KP, KdV and Toda hierarchies are explained using the notion of Grassmannian, vertex operators and pseudo-differential operators. A chapter is devoted to the inverse scattering method and three complementary chapters cover the necessary mathematical tools from symplectic geometry, Riemann surfaces and Lie algebras. The book contains many worked examples and is suitable for use as a textbook on graduate courses. It also provides a comprehensive reference for researchers already working in the field. Reviews 'This monograph provides a thorough introduction to the theory of classical integrable systems … The book contains many worked examples and is suitable for use as a textbook on graduate courses. For researchers already working in this field this book is a valuable source of information which provides an excellent overview of the established results and the present developments.' Source: Zentralblatt MATH

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Bridges between Machine Learning and Quantum Information Science 9 – 10 September 2024, Centre International de Rencontres Mathématiques (CIRM), Marseille, France https://lnkd.in/eyTPa3WM The workshop is part of the CIRM Jean-Morlet Chair on "Random Matrices, Representation Theory and Quantum Information" leaded by Benoit Collins (Kyoto University) and Nizar Demni (Aix-Marseille University) - Attendance - The workshop will be held in-person and online simultaneously. Registered participants will receive the Zoom link prior to the event. - Goal - Interactions between machine learning and quantum information are currently receiving an increasing attention. This is driven by the desire to develop artificial intelligence that uses quantum technologies to improve the speed and performance of learning algorithms. Strong interdisciplinary collaborations are needed to face the challenges of integrating quantum information and machine learning. The goal of this workshop is to gather researchers in quantum information and machine learning together, to discuss achievements, challenges and visions at the intersection between the two fields. - Invited Speakers - Shaheen Acheche [1] (PASQAL) Seiseki Akibue [2] (NTT) Omar Fawzi [3] (INRIA) Motohisa Fukuda [4] (Yamagata University) Martin Gärttner [5] (Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena) Tomohiro Hayase [6] (Cluster Metaverse Lab) Ravi Kunjwal [7] (Aix-Marseille Université) - Program - Details about the program will be published on the event website. We will advertise the final program closer to the workshop date. If you are attending in-person and would like to present a short talk at the event, please email a talk abstract to [email protected] with [BridgesML&QI] in the subject line. - Registration - Registration is free but mandatory. Register here: https://lnkd.in/eyTPa3WM. Please indicate if you will attend in person or virtually. - Organizers - Benoit Collins [8] (Kyoto University) Yuka Hashimoto [9] (NTT Tokyo) Hachem Kadri [10] (Aix-Marseille Université) Ion Nechita [11] (CNRS, LPT Toulouse)

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Recommendations on Quantum Computing from GIFAS Report on quantum technologies for Aerospace-Defense applications - Slides presented by Frédéric Barbaresco and prepared with Sylvain Schwartz, alain refloch and Baptiste Voillequin for 2nd TQCI International Seminar on "Benchmarks for Quantum Computers" organized by TERATEC, LNE, Thales and Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne in Reims 4 & 5 June 2024 https://lnkd.in/e-vhjngR https://lnkd.in/etCXdmVX https://lnkd.in/eVqi9fFq This report was written at the request of the GIFAS R&D commission by a working group dedicated to quantum technologies and made up of representatives of main French industry players in the field, under the coordination of ONERA. This report defines the major contributions for the quantum technologies, the targeted applications from aerospace-defense sector and the associated calendar horizons as well as recommendations for the sector and for the national quantum strategy. This GIFAS R&D Commission working group led by ONERA with 14 GIFAS companies has elaborated recommendations on sensors, communication, computing and enabling technologies. We will present here main recommendations about quantum computing.

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"Koszul-Frobenius domains & Souriau's thermodynamics" by Noémie Combe Talk at European CaLISTA COST Network Workshop on "Geometry-Informed Machine Learning" organized by Mines Paris - PSL and Thales https://lnkd.in/eE75hG3n SLIDES: https://lnkd.in/e3wufHcS VIDEO: https://lnkd.in/eC52QJwe Abstract: Central objects, for this talk, are rooted in the context of bounded convex homogeneous domains. Such domains have been extensively studied by Koszul [5]. Those domains are of interest in statistics, information geometry (including machine learning)(see [1]). Certain of those domains parametrize finite dimensional manifolds of probability distributions, of exponential type. The case of Wishart laws will be discussed. It is interesting to stress the link between this class of Koszul domains and the Monge-Ampère equation. This implies that certain manifolds of probability distributions and the elliptic Monge-Ampère equation are tightly related. We prove that those specific manifolds are affine and that they form a non-compact symmetric space. On the other hand, those manifolds turn out to be pre-Frobenius manifolds, containing a Frobenius manifold [2, 3]. To be precise, the Frobenius manifold, here, corresponds to exp(a), where a is a Cartan subalgebra of a Lie algebra t. Frobenius manifolds are central in the classification of 2d-Topological Field Theory and in mirror symmetry. Finally, we relate the results above with works of J-M. Souriau. By [4], the Frobenius statistical manifolds are symplectic manifolds, equipped with a Poisson structure. J-M. Souriau extended the concept of a Gibbs state for a Hamiltonian action of a Lie group G on a symplectic manifold [7]. Via Souriau's approach and using Souriau's generalisation of Gibbs states [6], we consider this in the context of (pre)Frobenius statistical symplectic manifolds. References [1] Andersson, S.A., Wojnar, G.G., Wishart Distributions on Homogeneous Cones. Journal of Theoretical Probability 17, 781{818 (2004). [2] Combe, N. On Frobenius structures in symmetric cones, 2023, ArXiv 2309.04334, [3] Combe, N. and Manin, Y.I. (2020), F-Manifolds and geometry of information. Bull. London Math. Soc., 52: 777-792. [4] Combe, N., Combe, P., Nencka, H. (2023). Poisson Geometry of the Statistical Frobenius Manifold. In: Nielsen, F., Barbaresco, F. (eds) Geometric Science of Information. GSI 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 14072. Springer, Cham. pp.165-172 [5] Koszul, J-L, Domaines bornés homogènes et orbites de groupes de transformations affines, Bulletin de la S. M. F., tome 89 (1961), p. 515-533 [6] Barbaresco, F. , Koszul Information Geometry and Souriau Geometric Temperature/Capacity of Lie Group Thermodynamics, Entropy 2014, 16, 4521-4565 [7] Souriau, J-M. Mécanique Classique et Géométrie Symplectique; Report ref. CPT-84/PE-1695 CNRS Centre de Physique Théorique: Marseille, France, 1984.

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"Haefliger structures and Symplectic/contact structures" by François Laudenbach at European CaLISTA Workshop on "Geometry-Informed Machine Learning" organized by Mines Paris - PSL and Thales Abstract I choose, as a starting point, the time where foliations became a topological object. This happened in 1952 when G. Reeb gave a codimension-one foliation of the 3-sphere [1, p. 112]. This point of view culminated with the work of W. Thurston [5, 6] which, surprisingly enough, reduces the question of existence of a foliation to a question of algebraic topology, namely the homotopy class of plane fields on the manifold under consideration. Meanwhile, namely in 1970, A. Haefliger made accessible to every body—sic!—a notion of singular foliations [3] (here, I mean that this notion probably existed in his thesis (1958) but, it is very hard to read, as the subsequent paper [2]). In contrast, the 1970 paper is very clear. I intend to explain in detail what a Haefliger structure is. A basic property, not shared by the foliations is the following. If M has such a structure , say ξ, and if f : N → M is a smooth map, the pull-back f∗ξ of ξ by f is well defined. For foliations some transversality condition is required. This new flexibility is due to the allowed singularities. The last step I would like to discuss in my talk will consist of enriching Haefliger structures with transverse geometric structures such as symplectic/contact structures when it is possible. This type of question is discussed in my 2016 paper. References [1] G. Reeb, Sur certaines propriétés topolologiques des variétés feuilletées, p. 91–158 in: Pub. Inst. Math. Univ. Strasbourg, Actual. Sci. & Indust., vol. XI, Hermann Eds, Paris, 1952. [2] A. Haefliger, Structures feuilletées et cohomologie à valeur dans un faisceau de groupoïdes, Comment. Math. Helv. 32(1958), 248—329. [3] A. Haefliger, Homotopy and integrability, in: Manifolds-Amsterdam 1970 (Proc. Nuffic Summer School, Lect. Notes in Math., vol 197, Springer, Berlin, 1971, p. 133–163. [4] F. Laudenbach & G. Meigniez, Haefliger structures and symplectic/contact structures, J. of Ecole polytechnique 3 (2016), 1–29. [5] W. Thurston, The theory of foliations of codimension greater than one, Comm. Math. Helv. 49 (1974) ,214–231. [6] W. Thurston, Existence of codimension-one foliations, Annals of Math. 104 (1976), 249–268. https://lnkd.in/ewZvTdYn

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This week's space industry insights on #NewsHub: 1. Post-launch update: data from the launch site and data beamed back by the rocket and its payloads have been poured over by teams at European Space Agency - ESA ArianeGroup, CNES and ARIANESPACE 🚀 https://lnkd.in/eavCgzpY 2. The Size and Health of the UK Space Industry 2023 - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk) latest report from UK Space Agency ☄ https://lnkd.in/eu_UKsUA 3. Space law Symposium and DLA Piper to debate major challenges for a new era of space exploration and opportunity 💼 https://lnkd.in/evHu4HHi 4. United Launch Alliance (ULA) and SpaceX get $1.8 billion boost in Space Force contracts 🎖 https://lnkd.in/gpFqYSbu 5. Communications, Space & Technology Commission (CST), Exoptic and Third Planet Orbital Partner for Space Access in UK 🤝 https://lnkd.in/gYc9WQwd 6. Citicourt & Co plots space venture capital fund 💰 https://lnkd.in/gqR8m3Q2 7. Space Foundation Announces $570B Space Economy in 2023, Driven by Steady Private and Public Sector Growth 📈 https://lnkd.in/gwYyaGnz

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#Vidéo 🔴⚪️ Retrouvez le replay de notre webinaire : “Enhancing collective security in outer #space: challenges and opportunities at the dawn of a new space age”.

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The first private 5G network of its kind for a French University is finally deployed.

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Teaching ideal quantum measurement, from dynamics to interpretation https://lnkd.in/eaKFsMxn by Roger Balian (Corps des Mines) We present a graduate course on ideal measurements, analyzed as dynamical processes of interaction between the tested system S and an apparatus A, described by quantum statistical mechanics. The apparatus A = M + B involves a macroscopic measuring device M and a bath B. The requirements for ideality of the measurement allow us to specify the Hamiltonian of the isolated compound system S + M + B. The resulting dynamical equations may be solved for simple models. Conservation laws are shown to entail two independent relaxation mechanisms: truncation and registration. Approximations, justified by the large size of M and of B, are needed. The final density matrix (tf) of S + A has an equilibrium form. It describes globally the outcome of a large set of runs of the measurement. The measurement problem, i.e., extracting physical properties of individual runs from (tf), then arises due to the ambiguity of its splitting into parts associated with subsets of runs. To deal with this ambiguity, we postulate that each run ends up with a distinct pointer value Ai of the macroscopic M. This is compatible with the principles of quantum mechanics. Born’s rule then arises from the conservation law for the tested observable; it expresses the frequency of occurrence of the final indications Ai of M in terms of the initial state of S. Von Neumann’s reduction amounts to updating of information due to selection of Ai. We advocate the terms q-probabilities and q-correlations when analyzing measurements of non-commuting observables. These ideas may be adapted to different types of courses.

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Jean-Pierre Bourguignon Opening Keynote of CaLISTA european workshop "GEOMETRY-INFORMED MACHINE LEARNING" at Mines Paris, organized with Thales https://lnkd.in/eGAtMgJW A historical perspective on the Calculus of Variations and its links with geometry Jean-Pierre Bourguignon,  Nicolaas Kuiper Honorary Professor at the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques, Bures-sur-Yvette, France Abstract The Calculus of Variations played a key role in the historical development of Mathematics, both as a stimulation to solve spectacular problems and to develop new concepts. but also as providing a laboratory for the creation of new geometries.  This phenomenon continues unabated to this day in many different parts of Mathematics but also of Theoretical Physics, which has been a great provider of challenges for both the Calculus of Variations and Geometry.  One of the features which has played a key role in the most advanced refinements of the Calculus of Variations is that often critical situations correspond to situations of special geometric interest, e.g. in connection with the presence of non-compact invariance (or covariance) groups. This could connect to some topological conditions, which could be obstructions to solving a variational problem.  References [1] Jean-Pierre BOURGUIGNON, Variational Calculus, Springer, Math. Monographs, 2022. [2] Constantin CARATHEODORY, Variationsrechnung und partielle Differentialgleichungen erster Ordnung, B. G. Teubner, Berlin, 1935; 2nd edition in english : Calculus of variations, Chelsea, New York, 1982. [3] Dario CORDERO-ERAUSQUIN, Bruno NAZARET, and Cédric VILLANI, A mass-transportation approach to sharp Sobolev and Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequalities, Adv. Math. 182 (2) (2004), p. 307–332. [4] Israel M. GELFAND, Sergei V. FOMIN, Calculus of variations, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1963. [5] Jürgen JOST, Xian-qing LI-JOST, Calculus of Variations, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1999. [6] Joseph-Louis DE LA GRANGE, Mechanique Analitique, Veuve Deaint, 1786. [7] Cornelius LANCZOS, The variational principles of mechanics, 4th edition, University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1970; reprinted by Dover, New York, 1986. [8] Jürgen MOSER, A sharp form of an inequality by N. Trudinger, Indiana Math. J. , 20 (1971), p. 1077–1092. [9] Giorgio TALENTI, Best constant in Sobolev inequality, Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. (4) 110 (1976), p.353–732. [10] Laurence C. YOIUNG, Lectures on the calculus of variations and optimal control, 2nd edition, Chelsea, New York, 1980.

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SOURIAU COLLOQUIUM https://lnkd.in/e24Sm57k by Géry de Saxcé Jean-Marie Souriau (http://www.jmsouriau.com/ and https://lnkd.in/ewrvXXSX), born on 3 June 1922 and dead on 15 March 2012, was a French mathematician, known for works in symplectic geometry, in which he was one of the pioneers. He has left us not solely a master piece of scientific work through his treatises on dynamical systems, relativity and quantum mechanics but Jean-Marie Souriau –the professor and the human person– has also given us a sound philosophical vision of the world through his last book, “Grammaire de la nature”. Originally founded in 1956 by Jean-Marie Souriau, his doctoral students and friends, re-launched by Claude Vallée in 1996, the Colloquium entitled “Colloque International de Théories Variationnelles” (CITV) provides today an informal setting to present and discuss the state-of-the-art and the most recent findings concerning Mathematics, Physics, Mechanics and their interactions. Every year during a week, the CITV brings together a small group of participants hoping to work within the founder’s spirit. In marked contrast to standard Colloquia, the CITV’s style is completely informal: -       The schedule is prepared day-to-day and, if necessary, the talk durations may be adjusted under way. -       Preference is given to present ideas on the blackboard even if modern video presentations are also allowed. -       Emphasis is put on scientific maturity and creative ideas as opposed to technicalities. -       A large time is devoted to questions, discussion and exchange of ideas. -       The spectrum of topics being very broad, a special attention is paid to present advanced concepts in simple terms for people with strong scientific background but the non-specialists of the topic. -       The oral transmission of the knowledge is preferred –but not opposed– to modern communication based on paper publication. -       Epistemological talks are sometimes given in the evening and also open to accompanying persons. -       The social program is not reserved for accompanying persons but convivial interludes are scheduled in the afternoon for scientific participants sharing cultural visits and excursions with them.

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Weather-induced Extremes digital twin improves the forecasts of tropical cyclones and heavy rain  The simulations at an enhanced resolution of 4.4km at ECMWF within the DestinE project have showcased significant improvements in depicting tropical cyclones and extreme precipitation events. Notably, these simulations have enhanced the representation of tropical cyclones, especially under rapid intensification scenarios, and certain extreme precipitation episodes. The early stages of hurricane Beryl in mid-2024 were also captured more effectively. Furthermore, the preliminary assessment of the Extremes DT global component within DestinE revealed advancements in representing extreme weather occurrences, particularly tropical cyclones and extreme precipitation. The ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System operating at a 4.4 km resolution, compared to the standard 9 km, notably enhanced the prediction accuracy of tropical cyclone intensities during rapid intensification phases. Additionally, the analysis highlighted improved representation of extreme precipitation in orographic environments in the 4.4 km forecasts, leveraging the model's steeper orography slopes. These findings underscore the value of higher-resolution simulations in refining weather forecasting capabilities, especially in predicting and understanding the behavior of tropical cyclones and extreme precipitation events. #ECMWF #WeatherForecasting #TropicalCyclones #ExtremeWeather #DestinE #Meteorology https://lnkd.in/gHhQBDqj

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BACQ -- Application-oriented Benchmarks for Quantum Computing by Frédéric Barbaresco, Laurent Rioux, Christophe Labreuche, Michel Nowak, Noé Olivier, Damien Nicolazic, Olivier Hess, Anne-Lise Guilmin, Robert Wang, Tanguy Sassolas, Stéphane Louise, Kyrylo Snizhko, Grégoire Misguich, Alexia Auffèves, Robert Whitney, Emmanuelle Vergnaud, Félicien Schopfer Abstract: With the support of the national program on measurements, standards, and evaluation of quantum technologies MetriQs-France, a part of the French national quantum strategy, the BACQ project is dedicated to application-oriented benchmarks for quantum computing. The consortium gathering THALES, EVIDEN, an Atos business, CEA, CNRS, TERATEC, and LNE aims at establishing performance evaluation criteria of reference, meaningful for industry users.

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Bridges between Machine Learning and Quantum Information Science 9 – 10 September 2024, Centre International de Rencontres Mathématiques (CIRM), Marseille, France https://lnkd.in/eyTPa3WM The workshop is part of the CIRM Jean-Morlet Chair on "Random Matrices, Representation Theory and Quantum Information" leaded by Benoit Collins (Kyoto University) and Nizar Demni (Aix-Marseille University) - Attendance - The workshop will be held in-person and online simultaneously. Registered participants will receive the Zoom link prior to the event. - Goal - Interactions between machine learning and quantum information are currently receiving an increasing attention. This is driven by the desire to develop artificial intelligence that uses quantum technologies to improve the speed and performance of learning algorithms. Strong interdisciplinary collaborations are needed to face the challenges of integrating quantum information and machine learning. The goal of this workshop is to gather researchers in quantum information and machine learning together, to discuss achievements, challenges and visions at the intersection between the two fields. - Invited Speakers - Shaheen Acheche (PASQAL) Seiseki Akibue (NTT) Omar Fawzi (INRIA) Motohisa Fukuda (Yamagata University) Martin Gärttner (Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena) Tomohiro Hayase (Cluster Metaverse Lab) Ravi Kunjwal (Aix-Marseille Université) - Program - Details about the program will be published on the event website. We will advertise the final program closer to the workshop date. If you are attending in-person and would like to present a short talk at the event, please email a talk abstract to [email protected] with [BridgesML&QI] in the subject line. - Registration - Registration is free but mandatory. Register here: https://lnkd.in/eyTPa3WM. Please indicate if you will attend in person or virtually. - Organizers - Benoit Collins (Kyoto University) Yuka Hashimoto (NTT Tokyo) Hachem Kadri (Aix-Marseille Université) Ion Nechita (CNRS, LPT Toulouse)

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Call for Space experts to perfectionate the Space Fresco/ La Fresque du Spatial. Please volunteers to check out the tool for its finalization! Link below

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The European Union STORE project by combining #optronic sensors with #AI-based analyses techniques will set up future functionalities to augment the war fighters' perception of the battlefield.

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2nd TQCI International Seminar on Benchmarks for Quantum Computers organized by TERATEC, LNE and Thales in Reims https://lnkd.in/e-vhjngR Second edition of the TQCI seminar dedicated to the state of progress of various benchmarking initiatives for quantum computers. Following our first meeting in 2023 (https://lnkd.in/ezD5atab), this will be an opportunity to review the progress of the French BACQ project (https://lnkd.in/dbfqXj2T) and other European and International projects in the field, to discover new initiatives and gain an overview of various strategies. This two-days seminar will convene international experts around four main themes: Presentations and Progress on European and International Initiatives, Supplier Challenges and Strategies, Strategies in Europe and at the International Level, and End Users Vision.

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