🍭#DIABETE: Part2
🚽 #Urinary_Control: Glycosuria and Ketonuria
The aim of this control is to detect glucose, and in the case of type 1 diabetes, ketone bodies in urine using reactive strips. These strips are immersed in urine, and glucose/ketone presence is visually assessed based on color changes.
🩸 #Blood_Glucose_Control
Long-term diabetes complications are directly related to the duration of diabetes and average blood glucose levels. Hence, diabetic patients must learn self-monitoring techniques to adjust factors affecting blood glucose levels (insulin doses, diet, etc.). Self-monitoring involves obtaining a drop of capillary blood using a lancet, applying it to a test strip or electrode, and reading blood glucose levels using a glucometer.
Glycemic self-monitoring is essential for successful insulin therapy and therapeutic regimen adjustment. Ideally, four blood glucose measurements should be taken daily, corresponding to each meal injection, accompanied by a control at a variable time, usually 2 hours after a meal or before bedtime.
🔍 #Lancets
Some lancets allow adjusting puncture depth based on finger thickness and skin quality. Other devices (e.g., Freestyle Papillon Mini, Accu-chek Active) enable puncturing less vascularized areas, though results may not always align with fingertip readings.
Usage Tips:
●Wash and dry hands before puncturing.
●Avoid alcohol use as it toughens the skin and may skew results.
●Prefer finer needles (0.2 mm) and change them after each puncture.
●Opt for puncturing the side of the finger, less sensitive than the pulp.
●Avoid using the thumb and index finger.
●Do not share or exchange equipment.
📰 #Glucose_Readers_and_Strips
All devices have been tested by health authorities for optimal accuracy (±20%). Some prioritize speed, simplicity, and portability, while others, more sophisticated, can connect to a computer to print results and statistical data. Most require only a small blood drop for reading.
Usage Tips:
●Follow calibration and maintenance guidelines specific to each device.
●Adhere to the recommended reaction time (specific to each reader).
●Pay attention to units expressed in mmol/L or g/L.
●Check the expiration date of strips.
●After use, close the strip container and store it away from light and moisture.
●Use strips compatible with the reader.
●Do not use dirty strips.
Note: Continuous glucose recording systems are available to monitor glucose fluctuations over several days, evaluating overall glycemic patterns throughout the day. These include Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems (CGMS), using a subcutaneous electrode connected to a recording system, and Glucoday glucose sensors, operating based on microdialysis principles.