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錘

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 锤
錘 U+9318, 錘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9318
← 錗
[U+9317] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 錙 →
[U+9319]

Translingual

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Han character

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錘 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+8, 16 strokes, cangjie input 金竹十一 (CHJM), four-corner 82114, composition ⿰釒垂)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1310, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40547
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1812, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4220, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+9318

Chinese

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trad. 錘
simp. 锤*
alternative forms 鎚
捶
𨭇
𨪼
𨫻

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 錘
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (垂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
埵 *toːlʔ
綞 *toːlʔ
涶 *tʰoːl, *tʰoːls
唾 *tʰoːls
厜 *stol
腄 *tol, *dols, *ɢʷɯ
箠 *tol, *tjolʔ
娷 *tols
諈 *tols
錘 *dol, *dols, *du
甀 *dol, *dols
硾 *dols
捶 *tjolʔ
垂 *djol
陲 *djol
倕 *djol
菙 *djolʔ
睡 *djols

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *dol, *dols, *du) : semantic 金 + phonetic 垂 (OC *djol).

Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “What relation is there between 錘, 槌, 鎚, and 椎?”)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 錘 錘
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 澄 (11) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 支 (14) 支 (14)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 直垂切 馳僞切
Baxter drjwe drjweH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɖˠiuᴇ/ /ɖˠiuᴇH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɖʷᵚiɛ/ /ɖʷᵚiɛH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȡiuɛ/ /ȡiuɛH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɖjwiə̆/ /ɖjwiə̆H/
Li
Rong 		/ȡjue/ /ȡjueH/
Wang
Li 		/ȡǐwe/ /ȡǐweH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ȡʱwie̯/ /ȡʱwie̯H/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chuí zhuì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ceoi4 zeoi6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 錘
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		chuí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ drjwe ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m-t<r>oj/
English sledge-hammer

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 錘 錘 錘
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 1668 1670 1681
Phonetic
component 		垂 垂 垂
Rime
group 		歌 歌 微
Rime
subdivision 		3 3 3
Corresponding
MC rime 		鬌 縋 鎚
Old
Chinese 		/*dol/ /*dols/ /*du/
Notes 又鎚字注亦從垂
This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!
Particularly: “Taishanese”

Definitions

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錘

Wikipedia has an article on:
  1. hammer
  2. mace (weapon)
  3. (literally, figuratively) to hammer into shape; to forge
  4. (Mainland China, neologism, slang) proof
  5. (historical) an ancient unit of weight
  6. a surname: Chui

Synonyms

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  • (hammer):
Dialectal synonyms of 錘子 (“hammer”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 錘子
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 錘子, 榔頭
Taiwan 錘子
Singapore 錘, 鐵錘
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 錘子
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 釘錘兒
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 釘錘兒, 錘錘兒
Wuhan 釘錘, 錘子, 榔頭
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 榔頭
Hefei 錘子, 釘錘
Cantonese Guangzhou 錘
Hong Kong 錘仔, 錘
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 手錘
Macau 錘
Guangzhou (Panyu) 錘
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 錘仔
Guangzhou (Conghua) 錘仔
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 錘
Foshan 錘
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 錘
Foshan (Shunde) 錘
Foshan (Sanshui) 錘
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 錘
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 錘
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 普頭
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 錘
Zhuhai (Doumen) 錘
Jiangmen (Baisha) 錘
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 錘
Taishan 錘, 斧頭仔
Kaiping (Chikan) 錘
Enping (Niujiang) 錘
Heshan (Yayao) 錘
Dongguan 錘
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 鐵錘
Yangjiang 錘仔
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 錘
Gan Nanchang 釘錘子
Hakka Meixian 錘仔, 鐵錘
Jin Taiyuan 錘子
Northern Min Jian'ou 鐵錘仔
Eastern Min Fuzhou 鐵錘囝, 鐵錘
Southern Min Xiamen 鐵錘, 鐵釘仔錘, 錘仔, 錘
Quanzhou 鐵錘, 錘仔, 錘
Zhangzhou 鐵錘, 鐵釘仔錘, 錘仔, 錘
Taipei 摃錘仔
Singapore (Hokkien) 鐵錘, 錘
Manila (Hokkien) 鐵錘, 釘錘
Chaozhou 鐵錘
Wu Shanghai 榔頭
Suzhou 榔頭
Wenzhou 鞋錘兒, 錘兒, 榔頭
Xiang Changsha 錘子, 釘錘子, 釘錘
Shuangfeng 錘子

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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錘

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. weight, sinker
  2. spindle

Readings

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Compounds

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Usage notes

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  • Removed from the daily use Jōyō kanji by the Japanese government in 2010.[1]
  • As in historical on-readings ending in ゐ (-wi), such as ゆゐ (yuwi) and るゐ (rwi), most dictionaries do not have すゐ (swi), つゐ (twi), and づゐ (dwi) as historical readings for 錘. According to historical data, the on-readings of 錘 are the modern すい (sui) and つい (tsui), as well as づい (zui). However, the Dai Kanwa Jiten has the ゐ (-wi) historical on-readings.

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
錘
つむ
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Noun

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錘(つむ) • (tsumu) 

  1. (spinning) a spindle
    Synonym: 紡錘 (bōsui)

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
錘
おもり
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

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Noun

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錘(おもり) • (omori) 

  1. Alternative form of 重り (omori, “weight; sinker”)

References

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  1. ^ The Japan Times (2009 October 21) “Get set for next year's overhaul of joyo kanji”, in www.kanjiclinic.com‎[1], archived from the original on 20 November 2021

Korean

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Hanja

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錘 • (chu) (hangeul 추)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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錘: Hán Nôm readings: chuy, chùy/chuỳ, dùi, thùy/thuỳ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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