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醒

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
醒 U+9192, 醒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9192
← 醑
[U+9191] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 醓 →
[U+9193]

Translingual

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Stroke order
16 strokes

Han character

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醒 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 一田日竹一 (MWAHM), four-corner 16614, composition ⿰酉星)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1285, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39936
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1785, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3590, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9192

Chinese

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trad. 醒
simp. # 醒

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (生) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
猜 *sʰlɯː
輤 *sʰleːns
綪 *sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ
倩 *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs
棈 *sʰleːns
蒨 *sʰeːns
篟 *sʰeːns
生 *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs
牲 *sreŋ
笙 *sreŋ
甥 *sreŋ
鉎 *sreŋ, *sleːŋ
珄 *sreŋ
鼪 *sreŋ, *sreŋs
猩 *sreŋ, *seːŋ
狌 *sreŋ
眚 *sreŋʔ
貹 *sreŋs
崝 *zreːŋ
精 *ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs
菁 *ʔsleŋ
鶄 *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
蜻 *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
鼱 *ʔsleŋ
婧 *ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ
睛 *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ
箐 *ʔsleŋ
聙 *ʔsleŋ
旌 *ʔsleŋ
清 *sʰleŋ
圊 *sʰleŋ
請 *sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ
凊 *sʰleŋs
䝼 *zleŋs, *zleŋ
靚 *zleŋs
情 *zleŋ
晴 *zleŋ
夝 *zleŋ
靜 *zleŋʔ
靖 *zleŋʔ
睲 *seŋʔ, *seːŋs
惺 *seŋʔ, *seːŋ
性 *sleŋs
姓 *sleŋs
靗 *l̥ʰeŋs
鯖 *ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ
青 *sʰleːŋ
靘 *sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs
掅 *sʰleːŋs
胜 *sleːŋ
曐 *sleːŋ
星 *sleːŋ
鮏 *sleːŋ
腥 *seːŋ, *seːŋs
鯹 *seːŋ
醒 *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs
篂 *seːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs) : semantic 酉 (“alcohol”) + phonetic 星 (OC *sleːŋ).

Etymology

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Cognate with 清 (OC *sʰleŋ, “clear”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • seng2 - vernacular (“to awaken”);
  • sing2 - literary (including “clever”);
  • sing1 - literary, used only in poetry.
Note:
  • chhíⁿ/chhéⁿ - vernacular;
  • séng - literary.
Rime
Character 醒 醒 醒
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Initial (聲) 心 (16) 心 (16) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 青 (125) 青 (125) 青 (125)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division (等) IV IV IV
Fanqie 桑經切 蘇挺切 蘇佞切
Baxter seng sengX sengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/seŋ/ /seŋX/ /seŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/seŋ/ /seŋX/ /seŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/sɛŋ/ /sɛŋX/ /sɛŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/sɛjŋ/ /sɛjŋX/ /sɛjŋH/
Li
Rong 		/seŋ/ /seŋX/ /seŋH/
Wang
Li 		/sieŋ/ /sieŋX/ /sieŋH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/sieŋ/ /sieŋX/ /sieŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xīng xǐng xìng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		sing1 sing2 sing3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 醒
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xǐng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ sengX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*s-tsʰˁeŋʔ/
English wake up

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 醒 醒 醒
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 11377 11380 11382
Phonetic
component 		生 生 生
Rime
group 		耕 耕 耕
Rime
subdivision 		0 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		星 醒 腥
Old
Chinese 		/*seːŋ/ /*seːŋʔ/ /*seːŋs/

Definitions

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醒

  1. to sober up
  2. to awaken; to wake up
  3. to be awake
  4. to realize; to become aware of
  5. to decant (wine, etc.)
  6. (Cantonese) clever; intelligent; sharp
  7. (Cantonese) to gift
    私人醒 [Cantonese]  ―  si1 jan4 seng2 [Jyutping]  ―  to gift someone personally

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 聰明 (“clever; intelligent; smart; bright”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 聰明, 伶俐, 聰敏, 聰穎
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 聰明, 機靈, 伶俐, 聰敏, 聰穎, 聰慧
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 聰明
Taiwan 聰明
Malaysia 聰明
Singapore 聰明
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 聰明
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 靈, 靈醒
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 精靈, 聰明
Wuhan 聰明
Guilin 聰明
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 聰明
Hefei 聰明
Cantonese Guangzhou 聰明, 醒, 醒目, 叻, 精
Hong Kong 聰明, 醒, 醒目, 叻, 精
Taishan 聰明, 叻, 參
Kaiping (Chikan) 叻
Yangjiang 伶俐, 叻
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 精, 扮𠮨
Singapore (Guangfu) 聰明, 精, 叻, 醒目, 扮𠮨
Gan Nanchang 精靈, 聰明
Hakka Meixian 聰明, 機靈
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 聰明
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 聰明
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 聰明
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 聰明, 精
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 聰明, 精
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 聰明
Kuching (Hepo) 將
Jin Taiyuan 機靈, 聰明
Northern Min Jian'ou 聰明
Eastern Min Fuzhou 聰明
Southern Min Xiamen 聰明
Quanzhou 聰明, 骨, 骨鳥 derogatory
Zhangzhou 聰明
Taipei 聰明, 巧, 明白
Singapore (Hokkien) 聰明, 𠢕, 勥, 醒目, 巧
Manila (Hokkien) 巧, 勥, 𠢕
Chaozhou 聰明
Singapore (Teochew) 聰明
Wenchang 精
Singapore (Hainanese) 精
Wu Suzhou 聰明
Ningbo 聰明
Wenzhou 靈, 聰明
Xiang Changsha 靈泛, 聰明
Shuangfeng 聰明

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (醒):
  • → Vietnamese: tỉnh (醒)

References

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  • “醒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “醒”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 71.
  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “醒”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 265.

Japanese

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Kanji

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醒

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. to wake up
  2. to become sober, to be disillusioned

Readings

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Compounds

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Compounds

Korean

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Hanja

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醒 (eumhun 깰 성 (kkael seong))

  1. hanja form? of 성 (“waking up; being sober”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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醒: Hán Nôm readings: tỉnh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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