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詩

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 诗
詩 U+8A69, 詩
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A69
← 詨
[U+8A68] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 詪 →
[U+8A6A]

Translingual

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Han character

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詩 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜口土木戈 (YRGDI), four-corner 04641, composition ⿰訁寺)

Derived characters

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Further reading

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1157, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35427
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1622, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3961, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+8A69

Chinese

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trad. 詩
simp. 诗
alternative forms 𧥳

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 詩
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (寺) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
等 *tɯːʔ, *tɯːŋʔ
待 *dɯːʔ
寺 *ljɯs
持 *l'ɯ
峙 *dɯʔ
痔 *dɯʔ
跱 *dɯʔ
歭 *dɯʔ
洔 *dɯʔ, *tjɯʔ
畤 *dɯʔ, *tjɯʔ, *djɯʔ
秲 *dɯʔ, *djɯs
庤 *dɯʔ
時 *djɯ
鰣 *djɯ
塒 *djɯ
蒔 *djɯ, *djɯs
榯 *djɯ
恃 *djɯʔ
侍 *djɯs
詩 *hljɯ
邿 *hljɯ
特 *dɯːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hljɯ) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 寺 (OC *ljɯs) – poetry is a form of language, speech.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 詩
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 書之切
Baxter syi
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɕɨ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɕɨ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɕie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɕɨ/
Li
Rong 		/ɕiə/
Wang
Li 		/ɕĭə/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɕi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		si1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 詩
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ syi ›
Old
Chinese 		/*s.tə/
English poetry

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 詩
Reading # 1/1
No. 12052
Phonetic
component 		寺
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		詩
Old
Chinese 		/*hljɯ/

Definitions

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詩

  1. poem; verse; ode; poetry (Classifier: 首 m c h)
  2. Short for 詩經／诗经 (Shījīng, “Classic of Poetry”).

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (詩):
  • → Japanese: 詩(し) (shi)
  • → Korean: 시(詩) (si)
  • → Vietnamese: thi (詩)

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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詩

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. poetry, poem
  2. (archaic) Chinese-style poetry
  3. modern Japanese poetry

Readings

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  • Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
  • Kun: うた (uta, 詩)、うたう (utau, 詩う)←うたふ (utafu, 詩ふ, historical)

Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
詩
し
Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 詩 (MC syi).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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詩(し) • (shi) 

  1. poem
  2. verse of poetry
  3. (poetry) Chinese poetry
  4. Short for 詩経 (“Shijing, the Book of Odes”).
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
詩
うた
Grade: 3
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 詩 – see the following entry.
【歌うた】2
[noun] (music) a song
[noun] (poetry) poetry
Alternative spellings
唄, 謳
(This term, 詩, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 詩 (MC syi). Recorded as Middle Korean 시 (si) (Yale: si) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

詩 (eum 시 (si))

  1. hanja form? of 시 (“poetry; poem”)
  2. hanja form? of 시 (“verse”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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詩: Hán Việt readings: thi (申(thân)之(chi)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5]
詩: Nôm readings: thơ[1][2][3][6][4][5][7], thi[1][2][4][7]

  1. chữ Hán form of thi (“poetry; poem”).
  2. Nôm form of thơ (“poetry; poem; verse”).

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Bonet (1899).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Génibrel (1898).
  6. ^ Hồ (1976).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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