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突

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
突 U+7A81, 突
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A81
← 窀
[U+7A80] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 窂 →
[U+7A82]

突 U+FA55, 突
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA55
← 穀
[U+FA54] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 節 →
[U+FA56]

Translingual

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Stroke order
9 strokes
Japanese 突
Simplified 突
Traditional 突

Alternative forms

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Note that in Japanese shinjitai, the bottom component is 大 and not 犬.

Han character

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突 (Kangxi radical 116, 穴+4 in Chinese, 穴+3 in Japanese, 9 strokes in Chinese, 8 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 十金戈大 (JCIK), four-corner 30430, composition ⿱穴犬(GHTKV) or ⿱穴大(J))

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 863, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25424
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1291, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2722, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+7A81

Chinese

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trad. 突
simp. # 突
alternative forms
𠫓
宊
𥤮
𡦾
𥥛
𠫓
宊
𥤮
𡦾
𥥛
𥥜
 

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 突
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (突) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
突 *tʰuːd, *duːd
宊 *tʰuːd
揬 *duːd
鼵 *duːd
葖 *duːd
鶟 *duːd
堗 *duːd

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 穴 (“cave; den”) + 犬 (“dog”) – a dog suddenly coming out of a den.

Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/m-du (“to dig, hoe”); cognate with Burmese တူး (tu:, “to dig”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation 1

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 突
Mandarin Beijing /tʰu⁵⁵/
Harbin /tʰu⁴⁴/
/tʰu²⁴/
Tianjin /tʰu²¹/
Jinan /tu²¹³/
Qingdao /tu⁴²/
Zhengzhou /tʰu²⁴/
Xi'an /tʰu⁵³/
Xining /tʰv̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /tʰu¹³/
Lanzhou /tʰu⁵³/
Ürümqi /tʰu⁴⁴/
Wuhan /tʰəu²¹³/
Chengdu /tʰu³¹/
Guiyang /tʰu²¹/
Kunming /tʰu³¹/
Nanjing /tʰuʔ⁵/
Hefei /tʰuəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /tʰuəʔ²/
Pingyao /tʰuʌʔ¹³/
/tuʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /tʰuəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /dəʔ¹/
Suzhou /dəʔ³/
Hangzhou /dəʔ²/
Wenzhou /dø²¹³/
Hui Shexian /tʰuʔ²¹/
/tʰeʔ²¹/
Tunxi /tʰə⁵/
Xiang Changsha /tʰəu²⁴/
Xiangtan /tʰəɯ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /tʰɨʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /tʰut̚⁵/
Taoyuan /tʰut̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tɐk̚²/
Nanning /tɐt̚²²/
Hong Kong /tɐt̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tut̚⁵/
/tʰut̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /touʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tʰu²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /tuk̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hut̚⁵/
Rime
Character 突 突
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 定 (7) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 沒 (56) 沒 (56)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 陀骨切 他骨切
Baxter dwot thwot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/duət̚/ /tʰuət̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/duot̚/ /tʰuot̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/duət̚/ /tʰuət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/dwət̚/ /tʰwət̚/
Li
Rong 		/duət̚/ /tʰuət̚/
Wang
Li 		/duət̚/ /tʰuət̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/dʱuət̚/ /tʰuət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dú tu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		deot6 teot1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 突 突
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tū tū
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dwot › ‹ thwot ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m-tʰˁut/ /*tʰˁut/
English burst through break through; suddenly

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 突 突
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 12486 12488
Phonetic
component 		突 突
Rime
group 		物 物
Rime
subdivision 		2 2
Corresponding
MC rime 		宊 突
Old
Chinese 		/*tʰuːd/ /*duːd/

Definitions

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突

  1. to dash forward; to break through; to charge
  2. suddenly; abruptly; unexpectedly
  3. to go against; to offend
  4. to stick out; to protrude
  5. (historical) flue; chimney
  6. (onomatopoeia) pit-a-pat (tapping sounds)
  7. to chug; to gulp liquid
  8. (Cantonese) to be in excess; to have extra
  9. (Cantonese) with excess
  10. (obsolete) to penetrate; to pierce

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 突
Mandarin Beijing /tʰu⁵⁵/
Harbin /tʰu⁴⁴/
/tʰu²⁴/
Tianjin /tʰu²¹/
Jinan /tu²¹³/
Qingdao /tu⁴²/
Zhengzhou /tʰu²⁴/
Xi'an /tʰu⁵³/
Xining /tʰv̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /tʰu¹³/
Lanzhou /tʰu⁵³/
Ürümqi /tʰu⁴⁴/
Wuhan /tʰəu²¹³/
Chengdu /tʰu³¹/
Guiyang /tʰu²¹/
Kunming /tʰu³¹/
Nanjing /tʰuʔ⁵/
Hefei /tʰuəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /tʰuəʔ²/
Pingyao /tʰuʌʔ¹³/
/tuʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /tʰuəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /dəʔ¹/
Suzhou /dəʔ³/
Hangzhou /dəʔ²/
Wenzhou /dø²¹³/
Hui Shexian /tʰuʔ²¹/
/tʰeʔ²¹/
Tunxi /tʰə⁵/
Xiang Changsha /tʰəu²⁴/
Xiangtan /tʰəɯ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /tʰɨʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /tʰut̚⁵/
Taoyuan /tʰut̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tɐk̚²/
Nanning /tɐt̚²²/
Hong Kong /tɐt̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tut̚⁵/
/tʰut̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /touʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tʰu²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /tuk̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hut̚⁵/

Definitions

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突

  1. Used in the place name 趵突泉, a famous spring in Jinan, Shandong, China.

References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai 突
Kyūjitai
[1]
突
&#xFA55;
or
突+&#xFE00;?
突󠄁
突+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
突󠄃
突+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

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突

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 突)

  1. poke
    1. prod, nudge
    2. prick, stab
    3. bump into, collide
    4. stick out, protrude
  2. suddenly, abruptly, unexpectedly
  3. (martial arts) an attacking move in kendo, sumo, et al.; thrust, lunge

Readings

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Compounds

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Derived terms

Usage notes

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A CJK compatibility ideograph (U+FA55) exists for the kyūjitai form of 突.

References

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  1. ^ “突”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 突 (MC dwot|thwot).

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

突 (eumhun 갑자기 돌 (gapjagi dol))

  1. hanja form? of 돌 (“dash; clash”)
  2. hanja form? of 돌 (“sudden”)
  3. hanja form? of 돌 (“protrusion; penetration; piercing”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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突: Hán Nôm readings: đột, đuột, sột, tọt, chặt, chợt, dột, đợt, đụt, lọt, mất

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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