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U+773E, 眾
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-773E

[U+773D]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+773F]

Translingual

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Traditional
Simplified
Japanese
Korean

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 109, +6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田中人人人 (WLOOO), four-corner 27232, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 807, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23321
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1223, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2917, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+773E

Chinese

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trad. /
simp. *
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions

Pictogram (象形) : a sun () above three humans () – people gathered or working under the sun.

The top, originally (“sun”) in oracle script has been modified, in bronze script resembling instead a horizontal eye (early form of ) – reinterpreted as “a crowd under someone’s gaze”, and now resembles .

The bottom, originally three figures (人人人), uses various forms of and , with variation depending on font.

Etymology 1

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Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-toŋ (thousand) (Peiros and Starostin, 1996; STEDT); if so, cognate with Tibetan སྟོང (stong, thousand), Burmese ထောင် (htaung, thousand), Drung tu (thousand), Nuosu (dur, thousand).

Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) compares this word with Classical Tibetan [script needed] (yong, in all, at all times, ever before) and Tibetan ཡོངས (yongs, all, whole).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • chèng - vernacular;
  • chiòng - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (23)
Final () (2)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyuwngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕɨuŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiuŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕiuŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cuwŋH/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕiuŋH/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕĭuŋH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕi̯uŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhòng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zung3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhòng
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyuwngH ›
Old
Chinese
/*tuŋ-s/
English numerous

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 17491
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*tjuŋs/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. masses; people; multitude; crowd; everyone
  2. everything; all matters
  3. all the government officials
  4. soldier; army; troops
  5. slave labour in agriculture
  6. (Buddhism) number of monks
  7. many; numerous
    Synonyms: , 許多 / 许多 (xǔduō)
    Antonym: (guǎ)
  8. majority
  9. various; different
  10. general; common
  11. 32nd tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "legion" (𝌥)
  12. a surname

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic ( / ):
  • Japanese: (しゅう) (shū)
  • Vietnamese: chúng ()

Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (23)
Final () (2)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕɨuŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiuŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕiuŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cuwŋ/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕiuŋ/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕĭuŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕi̯uŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhōng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zung1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 17489
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*tjuŋ/

Definitions

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  1. glutinous millet

References

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  • ”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 311.

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. Alternative form of

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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(jung) (hangeul , revised jung, McCune–Reischauer chung, Yale cwung)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: chúng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.