栃

See also: 杤 and 櫔

栃 U+6803, 栃 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6803 ← 栂 [U+6802] CJK Unified Ideographs 栄 → [U+6804]

Translingual

Han character

栃 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木竹一尸 (DHMS), composition ⿰木⿸𠂆万 or ⿰木厉)

1. horse chestnut
2. stable

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 521, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14687
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 2, page 1185, character 4
• Unihan data for U+6803

Chinese

trad.		栃
simp. #		栃

Glyph origin

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 栃 (tochi).

Etymology

Spelling pronunciation, as 勵／励 (lì) or 蠣／蛎 (lì).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lì (li⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lai⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lì
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lì
    • Wade–Giles: li⁴
    • Yale: lì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
    • Palladius: ли (li)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: lai⁶
    • Yale: laih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: lei⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɐi̯²²/

Definitions

栃

1. Only used in 栃木 (Lìmù).

Compounds

• 栃木 (Lìmù)

 

Japanese

Alternative forms

• 杤, 櫔

Glyph origin

A 国字 (kokuji, “Japanese-coined character”). According to Kanjigen, an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) , superficially of 木 +‎ 万 or 厉. According to Kōdansha's Shindaijiten, unknown, but raises a theory that it derives from a hypothetically earlier 櫔 (simplyifying 萬 → 万).

Speculative theory found elsewhere suggests a derivation from 栃木(とちぎ) (tochigi, “Tochigi”), the toponym with which the character is primarily associated: 十 (to, “ten”) +‎ 千 (chi, “thousand”) is a yamato kotoba formulation of the number 10,000, also written as 万 or 萬, whilst 木 is read as ki or gi, thus suggesting that the earlier form of the character be precisely an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 木 + 萬, superficially aligning with Kanjigen; however, the veracity of this is undetermined.

Additionally, assuming an origin in terms of 木 +‎ 萬, the addition of the upper 𠂆 could be explained as an assimilation towards the similar characters 勵 and 蠣 (see spelling pronunciation below).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Kanji

栃

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. Japanese horse chestnut (Aesculus turbinata)
2. Short for 栃木.

Readings

• Kan’yō-on: れい (rei)
• Kun: とち (tochi, 栃, Jōyō ^†)

Compounds

• 栃(とち)木(ぎ) (Tochigi)

 

See also

• 橡

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
栃
とち Grade: 4
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 栃 – see the following entry.

【とちトチ】 [noun] Synonym of とちのき (tochi-no-ki) Alternative spelling 橡

(This term, 栃, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
栃
れい Grade: 4
on'yomi

Spelling pronunciation, guided by characters like 励(れい) (rei) and 蛎(れい) (rei). As a kokuji designed for the native word とち (tochi), 栃 originally does not have an on'yomi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɾe̞ː]

Affix

栃(れい) • (rei) ^{←れい (rei)?}

1. Short for 栃木 (Tochigi, “Tochigi (a prefecture of Japan)”).

Compounds

• 帰(き)栃(れい) (kirei)
• 来(らい)栃(れい) (rairei)

 

References

• GlyphWiki
• 増殖難読漢字辞典
• 県民の日・とちぎの由来

Korean

Hanja

栃 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy)

1. type of oak
2. stable