Jump to content

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
U+6715, 朕
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6715

[U+6714]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6716]

Translingual

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

(Kangxi radical 74, +6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月廿大 (BTK), four-corner 78234, composition )

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 505, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14361
  • Dae Jaweon: page 884, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2071, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+6715

Chinese

[edit]
trad.
simp. #
alternative forms 𦩎
𣍹
𦨶
“omen”
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Simplified from 𦩎 ( and ), corruption of an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : (boat) + (item) + (two hands), seen in the oracle bone script and bronze inscriptions, originally meaning “to mend a boat”. It was later borrowed phonetically to be used as a honorific first-person pronoun.

Pronunciation

[edit]


Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (11)
Final () (140)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter drimX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɖˠiɪmX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɖᵚimX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȡiemX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɖjimX/
Li
Rong
/ȡjəmX/
Wang
Li
/ȡĭĕmX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ȡʱi̯əmX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zam6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhèn
Middle
Chinese
‹ drimX ›
Old
Chinese
/*lrəmʔ/
English I, we, our

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 17110
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*l'ɯmʔ/

Definitions

[edit]

  1. (imperial) I; my (similar to the royal we; reserved for use by the emperor since the Qin Dynasty)
  2. (literary) omen; sign
  3. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 𠹻 (zam6, classifier for smells)

Usage notes

[edit]
  • In modern Chinese slang, sense 1 may sometimes be used ironically and humorously to refer to oneself.

Synonyms

[edit]

Compounds

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (ちん) (chin)
  • Korean: 짐(朕) (jim)
  • Vietnamese: trẫm ()

Japanese

[edit]
Shinjitai
Kyūjitai
[1]

朕󠄂
+&#xE0102;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
朕󠄄
+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

[edit]

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. (imperial) I (similar to the royal we)

Readings

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Pronoun

[edit]

(ちん) (chin

  1. (imperial) I, me (similar to the royal we)
    (ちん)国家(こっか)なり
    Chin wa kokka nari
    I am the state.

Usage notes

[edit]

After the Second World War, this pronoun has fallen out of use. Since then, the emperors of Japan refer to themselves with the pronoun (わたくし) (watakushi).

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1091 (paper), page 596 (digital)
  2. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Middle Chinese (MC drimX). Recorded as Middle Korean 띰〯 (Yale: ttǐm) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕi(ː)m]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

[edit]
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun (na jim))

  1. (imperial) hanja form? of (I; me) (similar to the royal we)

Compounds

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

: Hán Việt readings: trẫm
: Nôm readings: trũm, chũm

  1. (imperial) chữ Hán form of trẫm (I; me). (similar to the royal we)