嗅

See also: 口臭

嗅 U+55C5, 嗅 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-55C5 ← 嗄 [U+55C4] CJK Unified Ideographs 嗆 → [U+55C6]

Translingual

Han character

嗅 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口竹山大 (RHUK), four-corner 6603₄, composition ⿰口臭)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 201, character 36
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4048
• Dae Jaweon: page 424, character 27
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 668, character 12
• Unihan data for U+55C5

Chinese

trad.		嗅
simp. #		嗅
alternative forms		齅 臭 㗜

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (臭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
臭	*kʰljus
殠	*kʰljus, *qʰluʔ
糗	*kʰluʔ
嗅	*qʰlus, *qʰluŋs
齅	*qʰlus

Simplified from 齅 (鼻 → 口); in current form: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qʰlus, *qʰluŋs) : semantic 口 + phonetic 臭 (OC *kʰljus).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiù (xiu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄡˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cau³ / hung³
• Eastern Min (BUC): bê
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ciu⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hiù

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hiun³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵ho; ⁵shieu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiù
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siòu
    • Wade–Giles: hsiu⁴
    • Yale: syòu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiow
    • Palladius: сю (sju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cau³ / hung³
    • Yale: chau / hung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsau³ / hung³
    • Guangdong Romanization: ceo³ / hung³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐu̯³³/, /hʊŋ³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: bê
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɛi²⁴²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ciu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiu⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiù
    • Tâi-lô: hiù
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiux
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hiu²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiu⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiu²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hiu¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiu²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hiun³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiùⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hĩũ²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵ho; ⁵shieu
    • MiniDict: ho^去; shieu^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²ho; ²xieu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ho³⁴/, /ɕiɤ³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: xjuwH

Rime
Character	嗅
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許救切
Baxter	xjuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨuH/
Pan Wuyun	/hiuH/
Shao Rongfen	/xiəuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/huwH/
Li Rong	/xiuH/
Wang Li	/xĭəuH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xi̯ə̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰu(ʔ)-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰlus/, /*qʰluŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	嗅
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiù
Middle Chinese	‹ xjuwH ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰu(ʔ)-s/
English	to smell (tr.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嗅	嗅
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1539	1541
Phonetic component	臭	臭
Rime group	幽	終
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	齅	𧽒
Old Chinese	/*qʰlus/	/*qʰluŋs/
Notes	見莊子

Definitions

嗅

1. to smell; to scent

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 聞 (“to smell”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		聞, 嗅
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		聞, 嗅
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	聞
	Taiwan	聞
	Harbin	聞
	Malaysia	嗅
	Singapore	嗅, 聞
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	聞
	Jinan	聞
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	聽
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	聞
	Wanrong	聞
	Xi'an	聞
	Xining	聞
	Xuzhou	聞
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	聞
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	聞
	Wuhan	聞
	Guiyang	聞
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	聞
	Yangzhou	聞
	Hefei	聞
Cantonese	Guangzhou	聞, 嗅
	Hong Kong	聞
	Taishan	聞
	Dongguan	聞
	Yangjiang	聞
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	聞
	Singapore (Guangfu)	聞
Gan	Nanchang	嗅
	Lichuan	聽
	Pingxiang	聽
Hakka	Meixian	鼻
	Xingning	鼻
	Huidong (Daling)	鼻
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	鼻, 聞
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	鼻
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	鼻
	Wuhua (Changbu)	鼻
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	鼻
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	嗅
	Wengyuan	鼻
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	聞
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	鼻
	Liannan	聞
	Jiexi	鼻
	Luhe	鼻
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	鼻
	Changting	鼻
	Wuping	鼻
	Wuping (Yanqian)	鼻
	Wuping (Pingyu)	鼻
	Liancheng	鼻
	Ninghua	鼻
	Ningdu	鼻
	Ruijin	鼻
	Shicheng	嗅
	Shangyou (Shexi)	嗅
	Tonggu (Sandu)	嗅
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	嗅
	Dayu	嗅
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	鼻
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	鼻
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	鼻
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	鼻
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	鼻
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	鼻
	Hong Kong	鼻
	Mengshan (Xihe)	鼻
	Luchuan	嗅
	Senai (Huiyang)	鼻
	Kuching (Hepo)	鼻
Jin	Taiyuan	聞
	Xinzhou	聞
Northern Min	Jian'ou	鼻
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	鼻
	Songxi	鼻
	Zhenghe	鼻
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	鼻
	Jianyang	鼻
	Wuyishan	鼻
	Pucheng (Shibei)	鼻
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	鼻
	Fuzhou (Changle)	鼻
	Fuqing	鼻
	Yongtai	鼻
	Gutian	嗅
	Fu'an	嗅
	Ningde	嗅
	Shouning	嗅
	Zhouning	嗅
	Fuding	嗅
	Matsu	鼻
Southern Min	Xiamen	鼻
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	鼻
	Quanzhou	鼻
	Yongchun	鼻
	Zhangzhou	鼻
	Zhao'an	鼻
	Tainan	鼻
	Penang (Hokkien)	味
	Singapore (Hokkien)	鼻
	Manila (Hokkien)	鼻
	Chaozhou	鼻
	Shantou	鼻
	Shantou (Chenghai)	鼻
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	鼻
	Jieyang	鼻
	Haifeng	鼻
	Bangkok (Teochew)	鼻
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	鼻
	Singapore (Teochew)	鼻
	Leizhou	鼻
	Wenchang	鼻
	Haikou	鼻
	Singapore (Hainanese)	鼻
Puxian Min	Putian	鼻
	Xianyou	鼻
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	聞
Wu	Shanghai	聞, 嗅 dated
	Shanghai (Chongming)	聽
	Suzhou	聞
	Danyang	聞
	Hangzhou	聞
	Ningbo	嗅
	Wenzhou	嗅, 聽
	Lishui	聞
	Jinhua	聞
Xiang	Changsha	聞
	Loudi	聞
	Shuangfeng	嗅
Xiangnan Tuhua	Jiangyong	聞

Compounds

• 嗅神經 / 嗅神经 (xiùshénjīng)
• 嗅腦 / 嗅脑 (xiùnǎo)
• 嗅覺 / 嗅觉 (xiùjué)
• 嗅覺器 / 嗅觉器
• 幻嗅 (huànxiù)

 

References

• “嗅”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “嗅”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 267.

Japanese

Kanji

嗅

(Jōyō kanji)

1. smell, sniff

Readings

• Go-on: く (ku)
• Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)^{←きう (kiu, historical)}
• Kun: かぐ (kagu, 嗅ぐ, Jōyō)

Compounds

Compounds

• 嗅(きゅう)覚(かく) (kyūkaku)
• 嗅球(きゅうきゅう) (kyūkyū)
• 嗅(きゅう)剤(ざい) (kyūzai)
• 嗅(きゅう)細胞(さいぼう) (kyūsaibō)
• 嗅上皮(きゅうじょうひ) (kyūjōhi)
• 嗅神経(きゅうしんけい) (kyūshinkei)
• 嗅入(きゅうにゅう)薬(やく) (kyūnyūyaku)
• 嗅脳(きゅうのう) (kyūnō)
• 幻嗅(げんきゅう) (genkyū)
• 焼嗅(やいかがし) (yaikagashi)

Korean

Hanja

嗅 • (hu) (hangeul 후)

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Vietnamese

Han character

嗅: Hán Nôm readings: khứu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.