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Apple A4

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Apple A4
General information
LaunchedApril 3, 2010
DiscontinuedSeptember 10, 2013
Designed byApple Inc.
Common manufacturer
Product codeS5L8930X[1]
Performance
Max. CPU clock rate800 MHz to 1 GHz
Cache
L1 cache32 KB instruction + 32 KB data[2]
L2 cache512 KB[2]
Architecture and classification
ApplicationMobile
Technology node45 nm
MicroarchitectureARM Cortex-A8
Instruction setARMv7-A
Physical specifications
Cores
  • 1
GPUPowerVR SGX535[3]
History
PredecessorSamsung S5L8920
SuccessorsApple A5 (iPhone)
Apple A5X (iPad)

The Apple A4 is a 32-bit package on package (PoP) system on a chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc., part of the Apple silicon series, and manufactured by Samsung.[4][5] It was the first SoC Apple designed in-house. The first product to feature the A4 was the first-generation iPad, followed by the iPhone 4, fourth-generation iPod Touch, and second-generation Apple TV.[6]

The last operating system update Apple provided for a mobile device containing an A4 (iPhone 4) was iOS 7.1.2, which was released on June 30, 2014 as it was discontinued with the release of iOS 8 in September 2014.

The iPad (1st generation) was discontinued earlier than the iPhone 4 with the release of iOS 5.1.1 on May 7, 2012 because it only had 256 MB of RAM compared to 512 MB on the iPhone, and the fact that applications would crash more frequently with the graphics using a large portion of the RAM.

The last operating system update Apple provided for an Apple TV containing an A4 (second-generation Apple TV) was Apple TV Software 6.2.1, which was released on September 17, 2014.

Design

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Apple engineers designed the A4 chip with an emphasis on being "extremely powerful yet extremely power efficient."[6] The A4 features a single-core ARM Cortex-A8 central processing unit (CPU) manufactured on Samsung's 45 nm fabrication process[7] using performance enhancements developed by chip designer Intrinsity (which was subsequently acquired by Apple)[8] in collaboration with Samsung.[9] The resulting CPU, dubbed "Hummingbird",[10] is able to run at a far higher clock rate than previous Cortex-A8 CPUs while remaining fully compatible with the Cortex-A8 design provided by ARM.[11] The same Cortex-A8 used in the A4 is also used in Samsung's S5PC110A01 SoC.[12][13] The A4 also features a single-core PowerVR SGX535 graphics processing unit (GPU).[14] The die of the A4 takes up 53.3 mm2 of area.[15]

The clock rate of the Cortex-A8 in the A4 used inside the first-generation iPad is 1 GHz. The clock rate of the Cortex-A8 in the A4 used inside the iPhone 4 and fourth-generation iPod Touch is 800 MHz (underclocked from 1 GHz). It is unknown what the clock rate of the Cortex-A8 in the A4 used inside the second-generation Apple TV is.

The A4 uses the PoP method of installation to support RAM. The top package of the A4 used inside the first-generation iPad, the fourth-generation iPod Touch, and the second-generation Apple TV contains two 128 MB LPDDR chips, providing a total of 256 MB of RAM.[16][17] The top package of the A4 used inside the iPhone 4 contains two 256 MB LPDDR chips, providing a total of 512 MB of RAM.[18][19][20] The RAM is connected to the A4 using ARM's 64 bits wide AMBA 3 AXI bus.[21]

Products featuring the Apple A4

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iPhone 4 Main Logic Board with Apple A4 SoC

See also

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  • Apple silicon, the range of ARM-based SoCs designed by Apple
  • PWRficient, a series of microprocessors designed by P.A. Semi. Apple acquired P.A. Semi to form an in-house custom chip design department.

References

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  1. ^ "iOS 5.1 code hints at simultaneous A5X and A6 processor development". 27 February 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-05-02. Retrieved 2017-06-14.
  2. ^ a b Cheng, Jacqui (March 14, 2011). "Ars reviews the iPad 2: big performance gains in a slimmer package / The Apple A5". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on June 15, 2011. Retrieved July 13, 2011.
  3. ^ Klug, Brian; Lal Shimpi, Anand (June 30, 2010). "Apple's iPhone 4: Thoroughly Reviewed". AnandTech. Archived from the original on September 21, 2013. Retrieved September 20, 2013.
  4. ^ "Updated: Samsung fabs Apple A5 processor". EETimes.com. March 12, 2011. Archived from the original on 2013-05-09. Retrieved 2011-03-15. The company conducted a cross-section analysis of the chip that revealed details indicating Samsung made the chip in its 45nm process, the same process and fab Apple used for its previous generation A4 SoC.
  5. ^ Clark, Don (2010-04-05). "Apple iPad Taps Familiar Component Suppliers - WSJ.com". Online.wsj.com. Archived from the original on 2018-09-19. Retrieved 2010-04-15.
  6. ^ a b "Apple Launches iPad" (Press release). Apple. 2010-01-27. Archived from the original on 30 January 2010. Retrieved 2010-01-28.
  7. ^ "Chipworks Confirms Apple A4 iPad chip is fabbed by Samsung in their 45-nm process". Chipworks. April 15, 2010. Archived from the original on 21 September 2010.
  8. ^ Stokes, Jon (2010-04-28). "Apple purchase of Intrinsity confirmed". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on 28 April 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-28.
  9. ^ Merritt, Rick. "Samsung, Intrinsity pump ARM to GHz rate". EE Times. Retrieved 2023-04-13.
  10. ^ "Samsung Jointly Develop the World's Fastest ARM® Cortex™-A8 Processor Based Mobile Core | Samsung Semiconductor Global Website". samsung.com (Press release). Archived from the original on 2019-05-31. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
  11. ^ Keizer, Gregg (2010-04-06). "Apple's iPad Smokes Past the iPhone 3GS in Speed Test". PC World. Archived from the original on 20 April 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-11.
  12. ^ Boldt, Paul; Scansen, Don; Whibley, Tim (16 June 2010). "Apple's A4 dissected, discussed...and tantalizing". EE Times. Retrieved 2023-04-13.
  13. ^ "Microsoft PowerPoint - Apple A4 vs SEC S5PC110A01" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 July 2010. Retrieved 2010-07-07.
  14. ^ Khullar, Kunal (2017-09-13). "From A4 to the A11 Bionic: The Evolution of Apple 'A' mobile chips". PCMag India. Archived from the original on 2020-07-26. Retrieved 2020-05-17.
  15. ^ "Chipworks Confirms Apple A4 iPad chip is fabbed by Samsung in their 45-nm process". Chipworks. April 15, 2010. Archived from the original on 21 September 2010. The die was approximately 7.3 mm square, giving a die area of 53.3 mm2,
  16. ^ "Teardown of Apple's 4th-gen iPod touch finds 256MB of RAM". Appleinsider.com. 2010-09-08. Archived from the original on 11 September 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-10.
  17. ^ "Apple TV 2nd Generation Teardown". iFixit. 2010-09-30. Archived from the original on 2 January 2011. Retrieved 2011-01-04.
  18. ^ "Apple reveals iPhone 4 has 512MB RAM, doubling iPad - report". Appleinsider.com. 2010-06-17. Archived from the original on 4 July 2010. Retrieved 2010-07-07.
  19. ^ "A Peek Inside Apple's A4 Processor". iFixit. 2010-04-05. Archived from the original on 2013-05-28. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
  20. ^ Greenberg, Marc (2010-04-09). "Apple iPad: no LPDDR2?". Denali. Archived from the original on 2012-03-19. Retrieved 2010-04-18.
  21. ^ Merritt, Rick (2010-04-09). "iPad equipped to deliver richer graphics". EE Times Asia. Archived from the original on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2010-04-14.
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