Lars Gerd Piwkowski

Deploying #reconfigurable #intelligent #surfaces (#RISs) near source and destination is of practical interest for improving the link quality of #vehicle-#to-#vehicle (#V2V) wireless systems. However, the accurate channel modeling and RIS tile deployment constitute a pair of challenges to evaluate the system performance, such as error performance, capacity, etc. In this article, the authors investigate the double-RIS channel characteristics and propose a geometry-based triple-cylinder model, where the RIS subsurface/tile is enabled to assist V2V systems and other elements are turned off. To determine tile locations on RIS surface, they formulate an optimization problem by maximizing the end-to-end channel gain and solve it using #gradient #ascent (#GA) method. Following this, channel correlation function, channel capacity, and outage probability are derived according to the proposed model. Five typical mobile scenarios are discussed to validate the convergence of proposed GA algorithm, where the results show that channel gain can converge to its maximum with optimized tile locations. In addition, channel correlation under different parameters and conditions are explored. ---- Guiqi Sun, Ruisi He, Jiancheng An, Bo Ai, Yaxin Song, Yong Niu, Gongpu Wang, Chau Yuen More details can be found at this link: https://lnkd.in/e-N3zzpq

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This paper proposes a #promising #transceiver #architecture relying on #stacked #intelligent #metasurfaces (#SIM). An SIM is constructed by stacking an array of programmable metasurface layers, where each layer consists of a massive number of #low-#cost #passive #meta-#atoms that individually manipulate the #electromagnetic (#EM) waves. By appropriately configuring the passive meta-atoms, an SIM is capable of accomplishing advanced computation and signal processing tasks, such as #multiple-#input #multiple-#output (#MIMO) precoding/combining, multi-user interference mitigation, and radar sensing, as the EM wave propagates through the multiple layers of the metasurface, which effectively reduces both the #RF-#related #energy #consumption and #processing #delay. Inspired by this, the authors provide an overview of the #SIM-#aided #MIMO #transceiver #design, which encompasses its hardware architecture and its potential benefits over state-of-the-art solutions. ----Jiancheng An, Chau Yuen, @Chao Xu, @Hongbin Li, @Derrick Wing Kwan Ng, @Marco Di Renzo, @Mérouane Debbah, @Lajos Hanzo More details can be found at this link: https://lnkd.in/gQcumtwn

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This paper proposes a #promising #transceiver #architecture relying on #stacked #intelligent #metasurfaces (#SIM). An SIM is constructed by stacking an array of programmable metasurface layers, where each layer consists of a massive number of #low-#cost #passive #meta-#atoms that individually manipulate the #electromagnetic (#EM) waves. By appropriately configuring the passive meta-atoms, an SIM is capable of accomplishing advanced computation and signal processing tasks, such as #multiple-#input #multiple-#output (#MIMO) precoding/combining, multi-user interference mitigation, and radar sensing, as the EM wave propagates through the multiple layers of the metasurface, which effectively reduces both the #RF-#related #energy #consumption and #processing #delay. Inspired by this, the authors provide an overview of the #SIM-#aided #MIMO #transceiver #design, which encompasses its hardware architecture and its potential benefits over state-of-the-art solutions. ----Jiancheng An, Chau Yuen, @Chao Xu, @Hongbin Li, @Derrick Wing Kwan Ng, Marco Di Renzo, Merouane Debbah, Lajos Hanzo More details can be found at this link: https://lnkd.in/gQcumtwn

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This paper proposes a #promising #transceiver #architecture relying on #stacked #intelligent #metasurfaces (#SIM). An SIM is constructed by stacking an array of programmable metasurface layers, where each layer consists of a massive number of #low-#cost #passive #meta-#atoms that individually manipulate the #electromagnetic (#EM) waves. By appropriately configuring the passive meta-atoms, an SIM is capable of accomplishing advanced computation and signal processing tasks, such as #multiple-#input #multiple-#output (#MIMO) precoding/combining, multi-user interference mitigation, and radar sensing, as the EM wave propagates through the multiple layers of the metasurface, which effectively reduces both the #RF-#related #energy #consumption and #processing #delay. Inspired by this, the authors provide an overview of the #SIM-#aided #MIMO #transceiver #design, which encompasses its hardware architecture and its potential benefits over state-of-the-art solutions. ----Jiancheng An, Chau Yuen, @Chao Xu, @Hongbin Li, @Derrick Wing Kwan Ng, @Marco Di Renzo, @Merouane Debbah, @Lajos Hanzo More details can be found at this link: https://lnkd.in/gQcumtwn

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🎆 Trailblazing: Start now to develop and test virtualized software systems on RISC-V platforms - together with Lauterbach GmbH, we created the industry’s first solution for this! 🎆 The result of our partnership is an outstanding new solution for our customers: Run your entire RISC-V-based virtualized software stack - from VMs to heterogeneous operating systems - long before the corresponding SoCs are available in silicon! Our #L4Re Hypervisor runs on the Generic RISC-V Virtual Platform that is implemented in the widely used emulation platform QEMU. Meanwhile, you can use Lauterbach’s TRACE32® debug and trace to analyze the entire software stack, including the L4Re Hypervisor itself and all virtual machines (VMs) with their heterogeneous operating systems and applications. By combining the open-source RISC-V architecture with our open-source L4Re Hypervisor, we offer developers full transparency and control over their architectures, as well as unprecedented flexibility and security to build the next generation of software. Our open-source L4Re Hypervisor with its minimal codebase is perfect for use in embedded systems. Its strong isolation and real-time capabilities make it ideally suited for industries where mixed-critical workloads must run securely and efficiently on the same hardware - like the automotive sector. The automotive industry moves swiftly towards electrification and autonomous technologies, and the option to develop and test virtualized software before the SoC arrives will greatly accelerate innovation, while it also reduces development risks. Security functions can be efficiently integrated, making the safety certification process much easier. Our partnership with Lauterbach will be a significant boost for the Software-Defined Vehicle (SDV). As Norbert Weiss, Managing Director of Lauterbach GmbH, states: “Developers can start creating the software of the future now.” ((Disclaimer: self-created with Chat GPT Image Generator The QEMU logo is used under the Creative Commons license https://lnkd.in/gGReb74 Credit: Benoît Canet))

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📡 #LoRaWAN  or #TSUNB (#Mioty / #OMS5)? Since I was personally trained multiple times on #LoRa by #Semtech, accompanied the first major LoRa project in #Germany, wrote the LPWAN Cookbook and studies on LPWAN, and regularly consult companies on LPWAN, I possess more details than others. LoRaWAN must go for technical reasons. Bye bye LoRaWAN, welcome #Mioty, #OMS5, and #TSUNB. 🏠 The First LoRa Mass Production Project in Germany: The first mass production project using LoRa in Germany was the Smart Home Set with #RWE. The development was carried out by Cameronet in Remscheid. Harald Naumann, FAE at Future Electronics, accompanied the project. Electricity meters were read optically, digitised, and sent via LoRa (not LoRaWAN). The PDFs of the LoRa IC were so poor that we simply had to experiment with the parameters. 📷 Outdated Technology in the Smart Home Set: The display of the electricity meter was redirected using two mirrors, photographed with a camera, and then converted into a digital value by an embedded #Linux PC. Today, this method is outdated and much too expensive. An #ESP32 now does the same with an open-source library, at a significantly lower cost and with less energy consumption. 💡 RWE Ahead of Its Time: RWE was far ahead of its time with this idea. Nowadays, it is mandatory to provide consumers with their energy consumption monthly by German law. Since there is only one electricity meter per household, it’s relatively simple there. However, in Germany, many radiators use devices called heat cost allocators for reading. In the past, this data was read manually, but today, it’s done via Wireless M-Bus. 📶 OMS and Mioty - A Better Solution: The OMS Group specifies WM Bus. In OMS5, TS-UNB is integrated. Miotyis the brand name for TS-UNB. The latest version of TS-UNB was adapted to the OMS Group’s requirements. 🔋 Efficiency of OMS5 and Mioty: The old TS-UNB transmitted at 300 bit/s, while the new version use 2400 bit/s. OMS5 and Mioty require 4.5 times less energy than LoRaWAN at the same range. A sensor with a SoC based on TS-UNB does not need an expensive LoRa PHY and requires a smaller battery. The battery is the most costly component in a heat cost allocator or water meter. 🌍 LoRaWAN vs #OMS5 in EU: The largest LoRaWAN operator globally is #Zenner, with only 7 million sensors after 8 years of acquisition. Zenner primarily operates in sub-metering and not LPWAN. Just one OMS member produces 7 million WM Bus sensors annually. Therefore, the #OMS Group is much larger in production in EU than the LoRaWAN Alliance members. 💪 Mioty, OMS5, TS-UNB vs LoRaWAN: 4.5 times less energy consumption, double the range, no vendor lock-in, very cheap SoCs, 10 times less bandwidth, 500 times the data throughput .... Bye bye LoRaWAN - welcome Mioty, OMS5, TS-UNB. Like 👍 | Share ➡️ | Comment 💬 | Stay Informed 📚 | Register to our webinar 🖥️ | Place a pre-order for the LPWAN Cookbook 📖 | Order the asset tracker or metering antenna kit

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Did you miss the Ask the Expert session at #OSSummit? ELISA Project members Gabriele Paoloni, Sr SW Principal Engineer from Red Hat, Philipp Ahmann, Sr. OSS Community Manager from Etas GmbH and Olivier Charrier, Principal Technologist - Functional Safety from Wind River offered their insight the Linux (and OSS) in Safety-Critical Systems. If you didn’t make it - you can learn more about it: :https://hubs.la/Q02Q8C7J0. The Linux Foundation #OSSummit #LinuxKernel #ElisaProject

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Digitale Schiene Deutschland Selects Aeva to Supply LiDAR for the Automated Train Project Aeva, a next-generation sensing and perception system, announced that the sector initiative Digitale Schiene Deutschland has selected Aeva’s 4D LiDAR #technology to support state-of-the-art perception and localization in the AutomatedTrain project. It aims to create and trial driverless, fully #automated passenger train dispatch and parking functionality by 2026. To achieve this goal, two regional trains will be equipped with smart sensor technologies, including #LiDAR, to enable the detection of their surroundings for full automation and reaction to obstacles, similar to how self-driving #cars operate. Aeva’s Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) 4D LiDAR sensors provide long-range performance combined with high resolution, plus the ability to detect velocity instantly. Velocity detection allows trains to instantly see what’s moving and what isn’t around the tracks, providing faster and more reliable detection of potential obstacles and hazards. Aeva’s unique localization capabilities allow for the real-time estimation of a train’s motion with six degrees of freedom, providing accurate positioning in areas where #GPS signals may be unreliable, including tunnels and urban canyons created by tall buildings. LEDinside

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This paper proposes a novel channel training-based protocol, which is capable of striking a #flexible #trade-#off between performance, pilot overhead and complexity. More specifically, first of all , the auhtors conceive a holistic protocol that intrinsically amalgamates the existing channel estimation and passive beamforming optimization for creating a new unified scheme. Secondly , they propose a new #channel #training #framework. In contrast to the conventional channel estimation arrangements, their new framework divides the #training #phase into #several #periods and has the compelling benefit of directly estimating the superimposed #end-#to-#end channel instead of separately estimating the direct BS-user and reflected RIS links, which would not lend itself to near-instantaneous reconfiguration in the face of #high-#Doppler #mobility. As a result, the RIS reflecting coefficients are optimized by comparing the objective function values over multiple training periods, which leads to optimal performance, despite its reduced complexity as well as reduced signaling and pilot overhead. Thirdly , they analyze the theoretical performance of both the #channel #estimation-#based #protocol and the #channel #training-#based #protocol in the presence of channel estimation errors. Finally , their theoretical analysis is confirmed by numerical simulations. ----Jiancheng An, @Chao Xu, @Li Wang, @Yusha Liu, @Lu Gan, Lajos Hanzo More details can be found at this link: https://lnkd.in/eCjv3gFm

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In preparation for the neuco & neuco global executive search podcast tomorrow, here is a quick introduction to the Appliot CEO Mustafa Murad. #IoT #neuco #satellite #newspace #Appliot Katja Schmieding

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How does Hexaly perform against Gurobi and OR-Tools on the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (CVRPTW)? ➡️ Hexaly reaches a 1.9% average gap to the best known solutions in the research in 1 minute ➡️ Gurobi struggles to find feasible solutions for instances with more than 400 customers ➡️ OR-Tools finds solutions with a gap greater than 10% for instances with more than 600 customers The “gaps” mentioned are the relative gaps in % between the solutions computed by Hexaly, Gurobi and OR-Tools on a server equipped with an AMD Ryzen 7 7700 processor (8 cores, 3.8GHz, 8MB cache) and 32GB RAM, and the best known solutions available by the research. 👇 Check out the full article through the link below. #optimization #operationsresearch #routing

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A Comprehensive Review of Direction-of-Arrival Estimation and Localization Approaches in Mixed-Field Sources Scenario.   Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation plays a crucial role in array signal processing across various domains, including #radar, #sonar, #wireless communications, and #seismic exploration. However, traditional DOA techniques often assume either far-field (FF) or near-field (NF) propagation, limiting their applicability in scenarios involving mixed-field sources. DOA estimation and localization in scenarios involving mixed NF and FF sources is a complex and dynamic field that has garnered significant research attention in recent years. Our research colleagues Amir Masoud Molaei,  Muhammad Ali Babar Abbasi, Vincent Fusco and Okan Yurduseven with peers Bijan Zakeri and Sayed Mehdi Hosseini Andargoli have recently published a review paper to provide a comprehensive overview of the methodologies, techniques, and advancements in this domain. Special attention is given to technical issues such as aperture loss, computational complexity, and #hardware considerations. They discuss the various sources of noise in the mentioned scenario and highlight the importance of modelling noise accurately for effective estimation. They also explore the statistical approaches used in DOA estimation and localisation reveals a diverse range of methods, including higher-order #statistics and second-order statistics, each with its own advantages and applications. A comparative evaluation of various approaches highlights their performance in terms of estimation accuracy, resolution, aperture loss and computational efficiency. This provides insights into the trade-offs involved in choosing between different approaches. The review also identifies promising future #research directions, such as the exploration of advanced #signal processing techniques like compressive #sensing and #deep learning, exact NF modelling, estimation based on one-bit measurements, the integration of polarisation diversity, employing #metasurface #antennas, tracking parameters, and the utilization of full-wave or experimental #data for a more realistic representation of the challenges. More details at: https://lnkd.in/e9QnxHWJ Image: A schematic of the regions of: non-radiative reactive NF (Fraunhofer), radiative NF (Fresnel), and far-field. In reactive NF, energy decays very rapidly with distance. In radiative NF, the average energy density remains fairly constant at different distances from the antenna, although there are localized energy fluctuations.

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Many people ask me "How will Parallel Studios' AI Wayfinder (https://www.wayfinder.ai/) agent and Bittensor work together?" ... Here's how: Given the capabilities of both Wayfinder and Bittensor, there are several intriguing ways these two technologies could potentially collaborate or integrate. Here are five possibilities: 1. AI-Driven Subnet Management: Wayfinder's AI agents (Shells) could be used to autonomously manage and optimize Bittensor subnets. These agents could analyze subnet performance, adjust staking strategies, and even propose new subnet configurations based on real-time network data and the upcoming dTAO (Dynamic TAO) upgrade. 2. Cross-Chain Intelligence Marketplace: Leveraging Wayfinder's omni-chain functionality and Bittensor's decentralized intelligence market, a cross-chain AI services platform could be created. This would allow AI models on Bittensor to be accessed and utilized across multiple blockchains through Wayfinder's interface, expanding the reach and applicability of Bittensor's AI capabilities. 3. Enhanced Oracle Services: Bittensor's focus on creating decentralized AI oracles could be augmented by Wayfinder's AI agents. These agents could act as intelligent intermediaries, gathering, verifying, and delivering data from various sources to Bittensor's network, improving the accuracy and reliability of AI-driven oracle services. 4. Automated TAO Token Management: With the introduction of dTAO, Wayfinder's AI agents could be programmed to autonomously manage TAO token holdings. They could optimize staking, participate in governance decisions, and even engage in yield farming strategies across different subnets based on predefined parameters and market conditions. 5. AI-Powered Subnet Creation and Optimization: Wayfinder's AI could be used to analyze the Bittensor network and automatically propose and create new subnets that fill gaps in the ecosystem. These AI agents could continuously monitor subnet performance, suggest improvements, and even help implement changes through the RAO net upgrade, ensuring the Bittensor network remains efficient and innovative. These integrations could potentially create a powerful synergy between Wayfinder's AI-driven blockchain navigation capabilities and Bittensor's decentralized machine learning network, fostering innovation in both AI and blockchain technologies.

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"Emergency vehicle detection without external microphones". I submitted the below abstract for AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES EUROPE 2024 event in November https://lnkd.in/dzmM8F5W. I will inform if accepted. Emergency vehicles on call require priority and therefore violate traffic regulations. If they are not recognized in time, this can lead to a higher probability of accidents. Statistics show that emergency vehicles are 5 to 6 times more likely to be involved in traffic accidents than other vehicles driven by human drivers. For autonomous driving, the ability to recognize emergency vehicles in time is crucial to avoid fatal accidents. It is also absolutely necessary to take appropriate actions and prioritize emergency vehicles. Autonomous vehicles use a variety of sensors such as video cameras, radar, lidar and ultrasonic sensors. With these sensors combined with artificial intelligence, they can see other cars and people on the road and “sense" nearby objects. However, all these sensors are not helpful when it comes to detecting an emergency vehicle that is 200 meters away, crossing a red light at an intersection, turning a corner or obscured by other cars. In most cases, emergency vehicles can only be identified by their sirens, which are acoustic signals. The usual devices for detecting acoustic signals are microphones. For reliable siren detection, the microphones must be placed outside the vehicle cabin, which is a common solution today. However, such an approach requires microphones and their protection that can withstand wind, rain, hail, chemicals, jet washers and even the impact of small stones. This solution is costly and requires specialized microphones and vehicle designs. Alango Technologies offers an alternative approach based on the use of vibration sensors attached to the car windows. The window glass vibrates due to external sounds and this vibration can be used in a similar way to an external microphone signal to detect the siren of an emergency vehicle. The problem is that sounds inside the vehicle, such as loud music, also causes the glass to vibrate, completely masking a relatively weak vibration signal caused by distant external sirens. Alango Technologies has patened a technology that allows the vibration sensor signal to be cleaned of components caused by internal sounds while retaining external sounds such as sirens. Alango offers a complete solution including a siren detection technology optimized for a vibration signal. After the presentation, the audience will better understand the importance of a technology for emergency vehicle detection and the issues related to existing solutions, and learn about an alternative solution for emergency vehicle detection for autonomous and assisted driving. More information on Alango patent pending SoundAround technology https://lnkd.in/dCMv_ebg #autonomousdriving #adas #sirendetection #microphones

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📯 New paper published in the journal #Telecom (IF: 2.1, Citescore: 4.8) 🖋️ Title: Experimental Evaluation of a #MIMO #Radar Performance for ADAS Application 🔗 Paper can be viewed and downloaded via the link below: https://buff.ly/3RGM5PX Share with your colleagues, and let's continue driving innovation in telecom together.🙌 @MDPIEngineering @MDPIOpenAccess

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This paper studies a #Reconfigurable #Intelligent #Surfaces (#RISs)-assisted #generalized #spatial #modulation (#GSM) #multiple #input #multiple #output (#MIMO) system to improve the signal quality and spectral efficiency. Due to inter-channel interference, signal detection in GSM becomes a critical issue. Therefore, the authors propose a low complexity block #deep #neural #network (#DNN) detector for the RIS-GSM MIMO system to detect the active antennas and the transmitted symbols at the receiver. In order to optimize the phase shifts at the RIS elements, they propose cosine similarity-based and #semidefinite #relaxation (#SDR)-based algorithms. ---- Keshav Singh, Ahmad Fauzi Makarim, Hasan Albinsaid, Chih-Peng Li, Zygmunt J. Haas More details can be found at this link: https://lnkd.in/eD6tdpTc

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