Sruthi Muddam

#copied 🔥 Interview questions for a .NET Core or .NET Core MVC developer 🧑‍💻. 1) What is the difference between an interface and abstraction in object-oriented programming, and in what scenarios should each be used? 2) Can you explain what microservices are in the context of .NET Core and how they differ from traditional monolithic architecture? https://lnkd.in/gahGwj3W 3) What roles do the Startup.cs and Program.cs classes play in a .NET Core application, and how do they work together to configure and run the application? 4) what stage of a web API request process do we typically perform authorization, and what are the common methods for implementing it? 💥 Authorization in Web API: Authorization is typically performed after authentication, during the request handling process. This ensures that the user is verified before checking if they have the rights to access specific resources or perform certain actions. Common methods include token-based authentication (like JWT), OAuth, and role-based access control. 5) Can you explain the SOLID principles in object-oriented programming, and how each principle contributes to writing maintainable and scalable code? 💥. The SOLID principles are five design principles aimed at making software designs more understandable, flexible, and maintainable: 💪 S: Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) – a class should have one reason to change. 💪 O: Open/Closed Principle (OCP) – software entities should be open for extension but closed for modification. 💪 L: Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) – objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of a subclass without affecting functionality. 💪 I: Interface Segregation Principle (ISP) – clients should not be forced to depend on interfaces they do not use. 💪 D: Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP) – high-level modules should not depend on low-level modules; both should depend on abstractions. 6) What are the key differences between a Web API and a REST API, and how do these differences impact their usage in software development? 💥 A Web API is a broader term that encompasses any API accessible via HTTP, including REST, SOAP, and others. A REST API is a specific type of Web API that adheres to REST architectural constraints, such as statelessness, resource-based URLs, and using standard HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE). REST APIs are generally simpler and more lightweight compared to other Web APIs. 🔔 Join me to improve your skills to clean code. 👩‍💻 Please share and repost and help others to code better and clean code. Follow me : Ayyappa Reddy. #efcore #entityframework #csharp #csharpdotnet #csharpdeveloper #csharpprogramming #linq #dotnet #dotnetdeveloper #dotnetcore #dotnetfullstackdeveloper #aspnetcore #aspnet #aspdotnet #aspnetmvc #mvcframework DotNet Openings .

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11 Array Coding Problems for Practice for Coding interviews 0. two sum - https://buff.ly/3WxDbHm 1. missing number - https://buff.ly/3YbHtFB 2. find duplicate - https://buff.ly/3YbHsl1 3. contains - https://buff.ly/3WxDbqQ 4. smallest in unsorted array - https://buff.ly/3YbHt8z 5. find repeated elelment - https://buff.ly/3Lyfbxs 6. remove duplicates - https://buff.ly/3YbHsl1 7. Quicksort - https://buff.ly/3YbHsS3 8. find non-repeated number - https://buff.ly/3WxDbXS 9. remove dups in plae - https://buff.ly/3YbHsl1 10. reverse array - https://buff.ly/4dd1Rua 11. more - https://buff.ly/3LBXIEI 

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✨Java Developer Road Map✨ ── Core Java │  ── Basics: Syntax, Data Types, Variables │  ── OOP Concepts: Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation, Abstraction │  ── Exception Handling: Checked, Unchecked, Custom Exceptions │  ── Collections Framework: List, Set, Map, Queue, Stack, PriorityQueue │  ── Java I/O: File Handling, Serialization, NIO │  ── Multithreading and Concurrency │  │  ── Threads, Runnable │  │  ── Synchronization, Locks │  │  ── Executor Framework, ForkJoin │  │  ── Concurrency Utilities: Semaphore, CountDownLatch, CyclicBarrier ── Advanced Language Features │  ── Modules: Java Module System │  ── New Language Enhancements │  │  ── Pattern Matching │  │  ── Records │  │  ── Sealed Classes │  │  ── Text Blocks │  │  ── Switch Expressions │  ── Performance Tuning │  │  ── JVM Tuning │  │  ── Profiling │  │  ── Garbage Collection Optimization │  │  ── JIT Compilation │  ── JVM Internals │  │  ── Memory Management │  │  ── Garbage Collection │  │  ── JIT Compilation │  ── Profiling Tools │  │  ── JVisualVM │  │  ── YourKit │  │  ── JProfiler ── Data Structures and Algorithms │  ── Arrays, LinkedLists │  ── Stacks, Queues │  ── Trees, Graphs │  ── Sorting and Searching Algorithms │  ── Dynamic Programming │  ── Design Patterns: Singleton, Factory, Observer, Strategy ── Microservices and Cloud │  ── Spring Boot: REST API Development, Security │  ── Spring Cloud: Microservices Architecture, Service Discovery, Circuit Breakers │  ── Reactive Programming: Project Reactor, RxJava │  ── Containerization: Docker, Kubernetes │  ── Cloud Platforms: AWS, Azure, Google Cloud ── Security │  ── Authentication and Authorization: Spring Security, OAuth2 │  ── Encryption: Java Cryptography Architecture (JCA), Java Cryptography Extension (JCE) │  ── Secure Coding Practices ── Databases │  ── SQL Databases: JDBC, Hibernate, JPA │  ── NoSQL Databases: MongoDB, Cassandra │  ── Transaction Management │  ── Caching: Redis, EhCache ── Advanced Frameworks and Libraries │  ── JavaFX: Rich Client Applications │  ── Apache Kafka: Event Streaming │  ── Vert.x: Reactive Applications │  ── Apache Camel: Integration Patterns │  ── Quarkus: Supersonic Subatomic Java ── Testing │  ── Unit Testing: JUnit, TestNG │  ── Integration Testing: Spring Test, TestContainers │  ── Mocking: Mockito, PowerMock │  ── Performance Testing: JMeter ── DevOps │  ── CI/CD: Jenkins, GitLab CI │  ── Configuration Management: Ansible, Chef, Puppet │  ── Monitoring and Logging: ELK Stack, Prometheus, Grafana │  ── Version Control: Git, GitFlow ── New Features up to Java 21 │  ── Pattern Matching for switch (Preview) │  ── Record Patterns (Preview) │  ── Virtual Threads (Preview) │  ── Pattern Matching for instanceof │  ── Foreign Function & Memory API (Incubator) │  ── Sequenced Collections

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𝐇𝐢𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐕𝐒 𝐉𝐏𝐀 ⚙️ Hibernate :  ➡️ ORM tool for saving Java object states in the database. ➡️ Defined under org.hibernate package. ➡️ Implements JPA and follows Java Persistence API standards. ➡️ Maps Java data types to database tables and SQL data types. ➡️ Uses SessionFactory interface for creating session instances. ➡️ Uses Session interface for CRUD operations on mapped entity classes. ➡️ Uses Hibernate Query Language (HQL) for object-oriented database operations. ⚙️ JPA  ➡️ JPA - Java Persistence API ➡️ JPA is responsible for managing relational databases in Java applications. ➡️ It is defined under the "javax.persistence" package. ➡️ JPA is the Java specification and not the implementation. ➡️ It is the standard API that allows developers to perform database operations smoothly. ➡️ It uses the EntityManagerFactory interface to interact with the entity manager factory for the persistence unit.  ➡️ It uses the EntityManager interface to create, read, and delete operations for instances of mapped entity classes. This interface interacts with the persistence context. ➡️ It uses Java Persistence Query Language (JPQL) is an object-oriented query language to perform database operations. ⭐ Advantages and Disadvantages of JPA and Hibernate 🟢 Advantages of Hibernate ✅ Hibernate supports Inheritance, Associations, and Collections. ✅ Hibernate can generate primary keys automatically while storing records in the database. ✅ Hibernate has its own query language, HQL, which is database-independent, ensuring application portability across databases. ✅ Hibernate provides Dialect classes, eliminating the need to write SQL queries; instead, methods provided by the API are used. 🔴 Disadvantages of Hibernate ♦️ The performance of Hibernate is not good with batch processing. ♦️ Having mappings and joins among the tables makes the code difficult to understand as mapping information must be defined in XML files. ♦️ Hibernate does not support some queries that JDBC does, requiring separate queries to insert each object. 🟢 Advantages of JPA ✅ The burden of interacting with the database reduces significantly by using JPA. ✅ The programming task becomes easy by using O/R mapping and database access processing. ✅ Annotations reduce the code of creating definition files. ✅ Using different implementations can add features to the standard implementation, which can later become part of the JPA specification. 🔴 Disadvantages of JPA ♦️ JPA specification may need to go through important developments before it becomes stable. ♦️JPA is not a product but a specification, so you need a provider to provide an implementation to gain the benefits of these standards-based APIs.

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Java 22 Enhancements. Oracle rolled out 12 enhancements which are listed below: 1. Region Pinning for G1 2. Statements before super(...) (Preview) 3. Foreign Function and Memory API 4. Unnamed Variables and Patterns 5. Class-File API (Preview) 6. Launch Multi-File Source-Code Programs 7. String Templates (Second Preview) 8. Vector API (Seventh Incubator) 9. Stream Gatherers (Preview) 10. Structured Concurrency (Second Preview) 11. Implicitly Declared Classes and Instance Main Methods (Second Preview) 12. Scoped Values (Second Preview) In this post, we will try to focus on only 1 enhancement - "Unnamed Variables and Patterns". Similarly in the upcoming days we will cover all enhancements regularly. For that you can follow me. Now, let's learn!! ✅ Unnamed Variables and Patterns: 👉 For all Unnamed Variables and Patterns, we use Underscore _ symbol. 👉 Goals: 1. Improve Readability and Maintainability of the code by identifying variables that must be declared. 2. Capture developer intent that a given binding or lambda parameter is unused, and enforce that property, so as to clarify programs and reduce opportunities for error. ✅ Unused Variables: The need to declare a variable that is never used is especially common in code whose side-effect is more important than its result. 👉 Example: 1. For loop - this code calculates total as the side effect of a loop, without using the loop variable order. ❌ Before: static int count(Iterable<Order> orders) { int total = 0; for (Order order : orders) // order is unused total++; return total; } ✅ After: static int count(Iterable<Order> orders) { int total = 0; for (Order _ : orders) // Unnamed variable total++; return total; } 2. Try with resources - Assuming a ScopedContext resource that is AutoCloseable, the following code acquires and automatically releases a context. ❌ Before: try (var acquiredContext = ScopedContext.acquire()) { ... acquiredContext not used ... } ✅ After: try (var _ = ScopedContext.acquire()) { // Unnamed variable ... no use of acquired resource ... } 3. Exceptions - Most developers have written catch blocks of this form, where the exception parameter ex is unused. ❌ Before: String s = ...; try { int i = Integer.parseInt(s); ... i ... } catch (NumberFormatException ex) { System.out.println("Bad number: " + s); } ✅ After: String s = ... try { int i = Integer.parseInt(s); ... i ... } catch (NumberFormatException _) { // Unnamed variable System.out.println("Bad number: " + s); } 👉 Conclusion: 1. The ability to use underscore in identifiers of length two or more is unchanged such as - _age and MAX_AGE and __ (two underscores) continue to be legal. 2. The ability to use underscore as a digit separator is also unchanged such as 123_456_789 is continue to be legal. 🔗 Connect with me for more interesting post. #java #javadeveloper #backend #springboot #connections #linkedin

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6 API architecture every software engineer must know. 1. Representational State Transfer (REST): ✅ Description: REST is a widely used architectural style for designing networked applications. It employs standard HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) to operate on resources using URIs. Key Features: Statelessness, resource-based, uniform interface, and client-server architecture. Advantages: Scalability, simplicity, and ease of caching. 2.GraphQL:✅ Description: Developed by Facebook, GraphQL is an alternative to REST that allows clients to request only the data they need, providing a more efficient and flexible approach. Key Features: Hierarchical queries, single endpoint, and typed schema. Advantages: Allows clients to define their data requirements, reducing over-fetching, and under-fetching. 3. SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol):✅ Description: SOAP is a protocol used for exchanging structured information in web services. It uses XML for message formatting and typically operates over HTTP or SMTP. Key Features: Strict message structure, standardized protocol, and built-in security. Advantages: Strong error handling, security features, and comprehensive standards support. 4. gRPC (Remote Procedure Call):✅ Description: gRPC is a high-performance RPC (Remote Procedure Call) framework developed by Google. It uses Protocol Buffers for serialization and HTTP/2 for transport. Key Features: Strongly typed contracts, bidirectional streaming, and language-agnostic. Advantages: Efficient and fast communication between microservices, ideal for distributed systems. 5. Serverless Architectures:✅ Description: Serverless architecture abstracts server management, allowing developers to focus on writing code without managing infrastructure. Services like AWS Lambda, Azure Functions, or Google Cloud Functions embody this style. Key Features: Event-driven, pay-per-use, and automatic scaling. Advantages: Reduced operational overhead, cost-effective scaling, and simplified deployment. 6. Event-Driven Architecture (EDA):✅ Description: EDA is a style where systems communicate through the production, detection, consumption, and reaction to events. Systems react to events asynchronously. Key Features: Loose coupling, event producers, and event consumers. Advantages: Scalability, responsiveness, and flexibility in handling complex workflows. Understanding these API architecture styles helps in selecting the most suitable approach for building scalable, maintainable, and efficient systems based on specific project requirements and use cases. #APIArchitecture #RESTAPI #GraphQL #SOAP #EventDrivenArchitecture #SoftwareEngineering #Microservices #WebDevelopment #APIDesign

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17 real-world System Design questions for your next interview. 1. How would you design a system to handle millions of concurrent users? -> Discuss load balancing, horizontal scaling, and database partitioning. 2. Design a database schema and architecture for an e-commerce website. -> Address inventory management, user data, and order tracking. 3. How would you ensure high availability in a distributed system? ->Talk about redundancy, failover mechanisms, and consensus algorithms. 4. How would you handle rate-limiting for an API under heavy load? -> Discuss token bucket, leaky bucket, and global distributed throttling. 5. How would you store and retrieve large files efficiently in a distributed system? -> Explain distributed file systems, chunking, and metadata management. 6. How would you handle distributed transaction consistency across microservices? -> Explore options like two-phase commit (2PC), SAGAs, or eventual consistency. 7. How would you design a logging and monitoring system for a distributed application? -> Cover log aggregation, alerting, and visualization. 8. How would you design a global notification service for billions of users? -> Discuss message queuing, user segmentation, and delivery guarantees. 9. How would you design a scalable search system for a large dataset? -> Talk about indexing, sharding, and query optimization. 10. How would you handle schema evolution in a data store with millions of records? -> Explain backward compatibility, versioning, and migration strategies. 11. How would you design a key-value store like Redis? ->Discuss in-memory storage, eviction policies, and persistence. 12. How would you design a system to track user activity across a website? -> Cover event tracking, ingestion pipelines, and analytics storage. 13. How would you design a scalable content delivery network (CDN)? -> Discuss caching, edge servers, and geographic distribution. 14. How would you ensure secure data transfer between services? -> JWT, API Keys, and authentication mechanisms like OAuth. 15. How would you design a multi-tenant SaaS application? -> Address tenant isolation, shared resources, and scalability. 16. How would you manage conflicts in a distributed database with multiple writers? -> Discuss conflict resolution techniques like CRDTs or last-write-wins. 17. How would you design an auto-scaling system for a cloud application? -> Explore predictive, reactive, and hybrid autoscaling approaches. The key to nailing the system design interviews is not just knowing the solutions but understanding the trade-offs. What I'm missing?

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Top 50 System Design Interview Questions for 2024 https://lnkd.in/gwyJC38t 1. What is difference between API Gateway and Load Balancer? [solution] 2. What is difference between Reverse Proxy and Forward Proxy? (answer) 3. What is difference between Horizontal scaling and vertical scaling? (answer) 4. What is difference between Microservices and Monolithic architecture? (Answer) 5. What is difference between vertical and horizontal partitioning ? 6. What is Rate Limiter? How does it work? (answer) 7. How does Single Sign On (SSO) works? (answer) 8. How does Apache Kafka works? why it so fast? (answer) 9. Differnece between Kafka, ActiveMQ, and RabbitMQ? (answer) 10. Difference between JWT, OAuth, and SAML? (answer) Problems 1. How to Design URL Shortener like TinyURL [solution] 2. How to Design Text Storage Service like Pastebin? [solution] 3. Design Content Delivery Network (CDN) ? [solution] 4. Design Parking Garage [solution] 5. Design Vending Machine [solution] 6. How to Design Distributed Key-Value Store 7. Design Distributed Cache 8. Design Distributed Job Scheduler 9. How to Design Authentication System 10. How to Design Unified Payments Interface (UPI) And, if you want to prepare better, here are best places to learn System Design 1. Educative - https://bit.ly/3Mnh6UR 2. Udemy - https://bit.ly/3vFNPid 3. ByteByteGo - https://bit.ly/3P3eqMN 4. Exponent - https://bit.ly/3cNF0vw 5. ZTM - https://bit.ly/3YpWu4q 6. Coursera - https://bit.ly/3BxMXzr 7. DesignGuru - https://bit.ly/3pMiO8g 8. Github - https://bit.ly/3bSaBfC 9. free system design courses - https://bit.ly/3nqVdfl

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• 𝗦𝗢𝗔𝗣 (𝗦𝗶𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲 𝗢𝗯𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁 𝗔𝗰𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝘁𝗼𝗰𝗼𝗹): SOAP is an XML-based messaging protocol that is widely used for enterprise applications. It is a heavyweight protocol that can be complex to set up and use. • 𝗥𝗘𝗦𝗧 (𝗥𝗲𝗽𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗳𝗲𝗿): REST is a lightweight architecture style that is based on HTTP and standard HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE). REST is the most popular API architecture style today because it is simple to understand and implement. • 𝗚𝗿𝗮𝗽𝗵𝗤𝗟: GraphQL is a query language for APIs that allows clients to request specific data. This can improve the performance of your API by reducing the amount of data that is transferred between the client and the server. • 𝗴𝗥𝗣𝗖: gRPC is a high-performance framework for remote procedure calls (RPCs). It uses HTTP/2 for transport and Protocol Buffers for data serialization. gRPC is a good choice for microservices architectures where performance is critical. • 𝗪𝗲𝗯𝗦𝗼𝗰𝗸𝗲𝘁: WebSockets are a real-time communication protocol that allows for bi-directional communication between clients and servers. WebSockets are a good choice for applications that need to update data in real-time, such as chat applications and live streaming. • 𝗪𝗲𝗯𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗸: Webhooks are a event-driven mechanism that allows a server to send notifications to other applications when certain events occur. Webhooks are a good choice for applications that need to react to changes in real-time, such as CI/CD pipelines and social media monitoring. • 𝗠𝗤𝗧𝗧 (𝗠𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗤𝘂𝗲𝘂𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗺𝗲𝘁𝗿𝘆 𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁): MQTT is a lightweight messaging protocol that is designed for constrained devices and low-bandwidth networks. MQTT is a good choice for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. • 𝗔𝗠𝗤𝗣 (𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗱 𝗠𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗤𝘂𝗲𝘂𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝘁𝗼𝗰𝗼𝗹): AMQP is a robust messaging protocol that is designed for reliable communication between applications. AMQP is a good choice for enterprise applications that require high levels of reliability and security. Choosing the right API architecture style for your project depends on a number of factors, such as the performance requirements, scalability requirements, and the type of data that will be exchanged between the API and the client.

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𝗦𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻 𝗠𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗲: 𝗢𝗻𝗲 𝗧𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝗥𝘂𝗹𝗲 𝗧𝗵𝗲𝗺 𝗔𝗹𝗹. 🚀 This template serves as a list of topics that can be discussed during the system design interview. I've used this template to discuss many hashtag #systemdesign problems in hashtag #interviews. Keep it handy. -------------------------------------------------------------------- ✨ 𝗔𝗣𝗜 𝗚𝗮𝘁𝗲𝘄𝗮𝘆 An API Gateway (AG) is a server that acts as a single point of entry for a set of hashtag #microservices. AG receives client requests, forwards them to the appropriate microservice, and then returns the server's response to the client. AG is responsible for tasks such as routing, authentication, and rate limiting. ✨ 𝗖𝗗𝗡 A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a distributed network of servers that are deployed in multiple locations around the world. These servers are designed to deliver web content, such as images, videos, and other static files, to users based on their geographical location. The main purpose of a hashtag #cdn is to improve the performance and availability of web content by caching it on servers that are closer to the users who are requesting it. ✨ 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗣𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 In a database, 𝗵𝗼𝗿𝗶𝘇𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗹 𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴, also known as sharding, involves dividing the rows of a table into smaller tables and storing them on different servers or database instances. This is done to distribute the load of a database across multiple servers and to improve performance. On the other hand, 𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 involves dividing the columns of a table into separate tables. This is done to reduce the number of columns in a table and to improve the performance of queries that only access a small number of columns. ✨ 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗯𝘂𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗺𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗮𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘀𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺𝘀 These are used to send messages between distributed components of a system. Examples include Apache hashtag #kafka and hashtag #rabbitmq. ✨ 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗯𝘂𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲 𝘀𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺𝘀 These are file systems that are designed to store and manage files across a group of servers. ✨ 𝗙𝘂𝗹𝗹-𝘁𝗲𝘅𝘁 𝘀𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵 Full-text search enables users to search for specific words or phrases within an app or website. When a user queries, the app or website returns the most relevant results. To do this quickly and efficiently, full-text search relies on an inverted index, which is a data structure that maps words or phrases to the documents in which they appear. Ref: ✅Codemia - https://lnkd.in/gP85T63C ✅DesignGuru - https://bit.ly/3pMiO8g ✅ByteByteGo - https://bit.ly/3P3eqMN ✅Exponent - https://bit.ly/3cNF0vw ✅ Udemy - https://bit.ly/3vFNPid ✅ Educative - https://bit.ly/3Mnh6UR

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6 API Architecture Styles You Must Know REST: Representational State Transfer, a web architectural style for designing networked applications with a stateless communication model. GraphQL: A query language and runtime for APIs, enabling clients to request only the data they need. WebSocket: A communication protocol providing full-duplex communication channels over a single TCP connection, ideal for real-time applications. gRPC: A high-performance, open-source RPC (Remote Procedure Call) framework that uses HTTP/2 for transport and Protocol Buffers as the interface definition language. MQTT: Message Queuing Telemetry Transport, a lightweight messaging protocol for small sensors and mobile devices, ideal for low-bandwidth, high-latency, or unreliable networks. Serverless: A cloud computing model where cloud providers automatically manage the infrastructure, allowing developers to focus solely on writing code without worrying about server provisioning or maintenance. ⚡Follow Shaikh Roman for insightful and premium contents on web development & programming! 💡 𝗟𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗹 𝘂𝗽 𝘆𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝗱𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗹𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗿 𝗷𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗻𝗲𝘆 𝗲𝗳𝗳𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗹𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗹𝘆! W3Schools.com ,freeCodeCamp , GeeksforGeeks ,Coding Ninjas , JavaScript Mastery 👍 𝗟𝗶𝗸𝗲 if you found it helpful! 🔁 𝗥𝗲𝗽𝗼𝘀𝘁 with your network! 🔖 𝗦𝗮𝘃𝗲 for future use! 📤 𝗦𝗲𝗻𝗱 to your connections! 💬 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 your thoughts below! Credit : Amigoscode #WebDevelopment #CSS #Frontend #ResponsiveDesign #DeveloperTools #TechTips #CSSFrameworks #WebDesign #Coding #Programming #UIUX #TechCommunity #CodeNewbie #guide #useful #libraries #tools #frontenddeveloper #programmingtips #developerresources #reactjs #techjourney #codinglife #softwaredevelopment #scss #ES6 #InterviewPrep #WebDevelopment #TechCommunity #MERNStack #MERN #MongoDB #Expressjs #Reactjs #Nodejs #technology #programming #softwaredevelopment #W3Schools #api

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12 Microservices Patterns you should study before your system design interview. Learning these will help you design robust, scalable, and maintainable microservices architectures.  1. Strangler Fig Pattern - gradually replacing a legacy system with a new one. - minimizes risks during system migration.  2. API Gateway Pattern - provides a single entry point for all client requests. - simplifies client interactions and hides complexity in microservices.  3. Backends for Frontends (BFF) Pattern - creates separate backend services tailored to specific frontend applications. - optimizes performance and user experience for different devices.  4. Service Discovery Pattern - enables services to find and communicate with each other. - automates service registration and discovery, ensuring scalability.  5. Circuit Breaker Pattern - prevents cascading failures by stopping calls to failing services. - improves system resilience and fault tolerance.  6. Bulkhead Pattern - isolates resources for different services or components. - prevents failure in one service from affecting others.  7. Retry Pattern - automatically retries failed operations. - increases system reliability by handling transient failures.  8. Sidecar Pattern - deploys helper components alongside microservices. - adds functionalities like logging, monitoring, or proxies without altering the main service.  9. Saga Pattern - manages distributed transactions using a sequence of local transactions. - ensures data consistency across multiple services without a single global transaction.  10. Event-Driven Architecture Pattern - uses events to trigger and communicate between services. - decouples services and improves scalability.  11. CQRS (Command Query Responsibility Segregation) Pattern - separates read and write operations into different models. - optimizes performance and scalability using different data models for queries and updates.  12. Configuration Externalization Pattern - stores configuration settings outside the service code. - simplifies configuration management and supports dynamic updates.

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Post-5 of 100 useful posts series! 8 steps to build a killer high level system design [ I use this to answer, almost every HLD interview question] 🛴Choose Architecture and Components: - Select an appropriate architectural style (e.g., monolithic, microservices, serverless) - Divide application into basic 3-tiers(or n required tiers) ex: frontend, backend and database. 🚲Prioritise Frontend Core Components: - Start by choosing right systems for frontend: among VMs and containers. [There can be other ways to deploy frontend as well, but interviews are mostly about these 2.] designing the core components that are essential for the system's functionality. 🛵Consider Scalability and Performance: - Ask interviewer about expected user count, and accordingly add load balancers. - Factors to consider include horizontal/vertical scaling, caching strategies, and geographical locations of users[If users are spread across different regions, do a multi-region deployment]. 🏍️Setting Backend Services: - This is the core of design. So, take time to list and divide multiple functionalities of your application. - Put stateless APIs/functionalities on Lambda, and stateful on containers.[only core functionalities, do not divert interviewer by additional requirements.] - Add load balancers & setup other routing between frontend and backend. 🚗Select Data Storage Solutions: - Choose the appropriate data storage solutions based on requirements such as data volume, access patterns, & consistency requirements. - Consider options like relational databases (e.g., PostgreSQL, MySQL), NoSQL databases (e.g., MongoDB, Cassandra), in-memory caches (e.g., Redis). 🚙Line-up additional requirements: - For all listed additional requirements[which are mostly ML based]: create similar ML pipelines, with input load balancer and backend tier only. - Redirect requests coming to frontend servers for these extra functionalities, to Message Queue[best that companies use is Kafka and RabbitMQ], from where, ML pipelines can read data. 🏎️Big Data Management: - Add Hadoop & distributed database for big data & continuous data streams' management. - Connect ML pipelines & backend servers to Hadoop cluster. 🚜Setup Monitoring & CDN: - Monitoring & Alerting on different components & networking between them.[Best tools: Prometheus, Grafana, Graphite, Nagios | Slack, Pagerduty] - Setup CDN & cache data on user's device if required. - Setup DNS routing & firewalls for reachability and security. If you are a fresher, I'll also say as someone who worked both in Google and Adobe, and took +200 interviews till date, practically implement all these and with some DSA skills, you will be relevant to industry for hiring. As we seek people, who are good with understanding of what they have to implement post joining. Sorry to increase your things to learn ❤️ Practice designing this on a whiteboard for 3-4 apps with different use-cases to master this. #building_biggest_indian_developers_community

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Mastering Platform Engineering Interviews Preparing for an interview in platform engineering? Here are some key tips to help you stand out. First, understand the fundamentals. Make sure you're well-versed in core concepts like cloud infrastructure, automation, and containerisation. Brush up on tools like Docker, Kubernetes, and Terraform. Knowing these inside out can set you apart. Next, practical experience is crucial. Be ready to discuss past projects. Highlight your role, the challenges faced, and how you overcame them. Real-world examples can demonstrate your problem-solving skills and technical expertise. Finally, soft skills matter. Communication and teamwork are vital in platform engineering. Practice explaining complex technical concepts in simple terms. This shows you can collaborate effectively with non-technical stakeholders. What are your top tips for interview preparation? Comment below or connect with me if you're hiring or looking for a new role. ✅ #PlatformEngineering #InterviewTips #TechCareers

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5 Best Kafka courses for Beginners 1.Learn Apache Kafka - https://bit.ly/3GpfeH6 2.Kafka Streams for Data Processing - https://bit.ly/35UYPO7 3.Kafka for absolute beginners - https://bit.ly/3LoMCS6 4.Kafka Cluster Setup & Administration - https://bit.ly/34x56yJ 5.Getting Started with Kafka - https://bit.ly/3osGIFM more - https://buff.ly/4e9fWJS

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Here’s a comprehensive outline for a Spring Boot JPA Master’s Program course by Silan Software. Introduction Welcome to the Course Course overview and objectives. Introduction to Spring Boot and JPA. Prerequisites Basic understanding of Java and Spring Framework. Tools setup: Java, Spring Boot, Maven/Gradle, IntelliJ/Eclipse. Module 1: Getting Started with Spring Boot and JPA Introduction to Spring Boot Spring Boot Introduction and key features. Develop a first Spring Boot application. Understanding JPA What is JPA? ORM overview. Difference between JPA, Hibernate, and JDBC. Spring Boot with JPA Basics Integrating JPA with Spring Boot. Configuration of application.properties for database configuration. Module 2: Working with Entities and Relationships Defining Entities Creating JPA entities. Understanding annotations: @Entity, @Table, @Id, etc. Relationships in JPA One-to-One, One-to-Many, Many-to-One, and Many-to-Many relationships. Using @JoinColumn and @JoinTable. Cascade types and fetch types. JPQL (Java Persistence Query Language) Writing queries using JPQL. Named queries and criteria API. Module 3: CRUD Operations and Repository Layer Spring Data JPA Repositories Introduction to Spring Data JPA. CrudRepository, JpaRepository, and custom repository methods. CRUD Operations Creating, reading, updating, and deleting records. Custom Query Methods Writing custom queries using method names. Using @Query annotation. Module 4: Advanced JPA Features Pagination and Sorting Implementing pagination and sorting with Spring Data JPA. DTOs and Projections Using DTOs for custom responses. JPA projections and native queries. Transaction Management Understanding transactions in Spring Boot. @Transactional annotation usage. Soft Deletes Implementing soft deletes with JPA. Module 5: Caching in JPA Introduction to Caching Why caching is important? JPA’s first-level and second-level cache. Integrating Cache with Spring Boot Configuring Ehcache, Redis, or Hazelcast with Spring Boot. Optimizing Performance Techniques to enhance JPA performance. Module 6: Testing JPA Applications Unit Testing JPA Repositories Writing tests using JUnit and Mockito. Integration Testing Setting up H2 database for tests. Testing data integrity and transactions. Module 7: Real-World Application Development Building a Mini Project Defining the application structure. Implementing CRUD operations with JPA. Securing the application with Spring Security. Deploying the Application Dockerizing the Spring Boot application. Deploying to AWS

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⭐ Spring Framework Series - 012 ⭐ 🥇Topic: Spring AOP: Join Points and Advice - Use cases 🥇 Follow Amandeep Singh 🇮🇳 and #LearnSpringWithLazyProgrammer You can find the links to all previous posts at the end of this post or simply follow hashtag #LearnSpringWithLazyProgrammer to access all articles in one place. Now we know what are Join Points and Advices. Let us see some use cases where they fit better. 🎯Use Cases for Join Points: ✨Method Execution: To monitor the execution of a method and capture metrics like execution time, method inputs, and outputs. ✨Exception Handling: To log exceptions uniformly across the application, ensuring consistent error logging. ✨Constructor Calls: To initialize certain properties or enforce security checks whenever an object is created. 🎯Types and Use Cases of Advice: 🎗Before Advice: Use it to perform tasks like validation, logging, or setting up security contexts before the main logic of a method runs. Example: Checking user permissions before accessing a service. 🎗After Advice: Use it to release resources, log the completion of a method, or perform cleanup tasks. Example: Closing database connections or files after the operation is complete. 🎗Around Advice: This is the most powerful type of advice and can control the method execution itself. Use it to modify the method execution, log execution time, or handle exceptions. Example: Implementing custom transactional behavior or auditing method executions. 🎗After Returning Advice: Use it to execute actions after a method successfully returns a result. It can be used to log the output, post-process the result, or trigger further actions. Example: Logging the returned data or sending a notification upon successful completion of a service. 🎗After Throwing Advice: This advice runs if a method throws an exception. It's useful for implementing centralized error handling and logging. Example: Sending alert emails or logging detailed exception information for troubleshooting. ⏭ Next, we’ll explore in detail what are Pointcuts and AspectJ. 📝Learn more about the Spring Framework In Depth: https://lnkd.in/g6QMngMh 🔖Previous Posts: You can access all previous posts at one location here: https://lnkd.in/gjuUmx5w #SpringAOP #JoinPoints #Advice #AspectOrientedProgramming #LearnSpringWithLazyProgrammer #SpringFramework #JavaDevelopment #Programming #TechTips #BackendDevelopment

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🎯✅ 𝗦𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻 𝗛𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗯𝗼𝗼𝗸 📙 This document will help you to clear your System Design Concepts. By understanding system design concepts, you will be able to effectively communicate your thought process, identify the trade-offs, and make design decisions that meet the requirements of the system. 📚 Download this PDF & Save this Post 🔅 I frequently post related to System Design, Backend Development, Cloud-DevOps, and Software Engineering. 📙 Please follow Soumyadip Chowdhury for more such posts 📙 Please follow Soumyadip Chowdhury for more such posts Credit: Atul Kumar #interviews #interviewPreperation #softwareEngineering #webDevelopemt #placement #react #programming #careers #resourcesharing #github #coding #soumyadipchowdhury #tech #jobs #react #node #software #dbms #database #sql

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50 Must-Know Spring Boot Interview Questions🚀 Whether you're gearing up for an interview or brushing up on your Spring Boot skills, this list has got you covered. 🌟 What is Spring Boot, and how is it different from the Spring Framework? 🌟 Explain the purpose of the @SpringBootApplication annotation. 🌟 What are Spring Boot starter dependencies, and why are they useful? 🌟 How does Spring Boot simplify application configuration? 🌟 What is the Spring Boot Actuator? 🌟 Describe the auto-configuration feature in Spring Boot. 🌟 What is an embedded server, and how does Spring Boot use it? 🌟 Explain the role of profiles in Spring Boot. 🌟 How do you handle exceptions in Spring Boot? 🌟 What is a CommandLineRunner in Spring Boot? 🌟 How does Spring Boot support RESTful web services? 🌟 How do you configure properties in Spring Boot? 🌟 What is the purpose of the application.properties file? 🌟 Explain the concept of “convention over configuration.” 🌟 How does Spring Boot handle database configurations? 🌟 What is the role of @RestController in Spring Boot? 🌟 How do you implement security in Spring Boot applications? 🌟 What are Spring Boot DevTools? 🌟 Explain the purpose of Spring Boot's @Value annotation. 🌟 What is the difference between application.properties and application.yml? 🌟 Describe how dependency injection works in Spring Boot. 🌟 How do you define custom error messages in Spring Boot? 🌟 What are the common HTTP methods used in Spring Boot REST APIs? 🌟 How does Spring Boot support asynchronous programming? 🌟 What is Spring Data JPA, and how is it used in Spring Boot? 🌟 Explain the use of @Transactional in Spring Boot. 🌟 What is an EntityManager in Spring Boot? 🌟 How do you configure CORS in Spring Boot? 🌟 How can you schedule tasks in Spring Boot? 🌟 What is the difference between @GetMapping and @RequestMapping? 🌟 How does Spring Boot handle logging? 🌟 What is @ComponentScan, and why is it needed? 🌟 How do you enable caching in Spring Boot? 🌟 What is the purpose of @ConfigurationProperties? 🌟 How do you validate request parameters in Spring Boot? 🌟 How do you configure a custom error page in Spring Boot? 🌟 Explain the purpose of @PathVariable and @RequestParam. 🌟 How do you monitor Spring Boot applications? 🌟 How does Spring Boot integrate with Docker? 🌟 What is a Spring Boot Filter, and how does it work? 🌟 Explain the use of @Autowired in Spring Boot. 🌟 How do you secure endpoints in Spring Boot? 🌟 What are custom health indicators in Spring Boot Actuator? 🌟 How does Spring Boot handle internationalization (i18n)? 🌟 What is a BeanPostProcessor, and how is it used? 🌟 How can you integrate Swagger with Spring Boot? 🌟 Explain the use of @Primary in Spring Boot. 🌟 What is a proxy in Spring Boot, and why is it used? 🌟 How does Spring Boot integrate with Kafka? 𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗺𝘆 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 - https://lnkd.in/d_PjD86B Stay curious, keep sharing , keep learning !

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