Mohammed Mustafa

Canadian Telcos, Thousand Block Pooling is coming. Are you ready? In Telecom Regulatory Policy 2024-26, the CRTC directed local exchange carriers and wireless service providers to implement thousand-block pooling by October 6th, 2025 as a way to conserve telephone numbers and to help delay the possibility that telephone numbers could exhaust before 2030.  The Commission’s latest decision, CRTC 2024-239, confirmed the October 6th, 2025 target date for TBP implementation.    What is Thousand Block Pooling (TBP): At a high level, TBP involves breaking up the 10,000 numbers in an NPA-NXX into ten sequential blocks of 1,000 numbers each, and potentially allocating each thousands-block to a different service provider​.  TBP uses Number Portability to share an NPA-NXX among different carriers. Number Portability allows for a block of numbers to be transferred from one carrier (code holder) to another. From a Canadian Industry perspective, this is a notable development but TBP has been part of the US Telecom ecosystem for over 20 years.  What does it mean for Carriers? If you are a Canadian Local Exchange Carrier or Wireless Service Provider there will be changes required to existing Numbering Processes and Reporting requirements.  Changes may be needed to accommodate: -Newly introduced data elements​  -New Number Portability Query Database  lookup algorithm​  -Changes to NPAC SOA and LSMS interfaces  -1000 Blocks being added to numbering inventories  -Interaction with the  Pooling Administrator ​  -Donation or Return of the 1000 Blocks   -Handling of assigned TNs within a 1000 Block  Carriers will need to evaluate the readiness of their existing SOA​, LSMS, NP QDB​ and Numbering Inventory Systems. From a Reporting requirement, the new CNA reporting requirements will need to be met as well as any C-NRUF reporting changes. How TransUnion can help: Regardless of your current operations and systems, it is important to start preparing now. TransUnion can support you in the TBP preparation and implementation process, including helping to: -Understand TBP and its industry impacts  -Review your current Inventory and Utilization  -Analyze your TNs for Ownership and State to identify Out-Of-Sync conditions  -Compare your various TN repositories eg: OSS, TN Inventory System, SOA, LSMS   -Examine and plan for necessary changes to existing Numbering Processes to meet TBP requirements  -Ensure reporting readiness Simply reach out to me at [email protected] and I will arrange for our experts to help talk through your concerns and share our expertise. Neustar (now part of TransUnion) has been integral to the North American Number Porting ecosystem since porting was introduced in the US and Canada 20+ years ago. Supporting over 900 Telcos globally, we are deeply vested in our customers’ success, including support for compliance with any forthcoming Regulatory changes.  

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How Will Rogers' 5G Cloud-RAN Milestone Shape Canada's Connectivity Future? 🔍 Rogers Communications recently achieved a significant milestone by conducting a successful trial of 5G cloud-radio access network (cloud RAN) technology in collaboration with Ericsson during a live Toronto Blue Jays game on Canada Day. This trial marked the first deployment of cloud RAN over a commercial network at a live event in Canada, highlighting the company's dedication to advancing 5G technology. With this new technology, Rogers aims to enhance network reliability, resiliency, and energy efficiency, ultimately delivering more consistent and reliable network services across the country for both consumers and enterprise customers. The acquisition of nationwide 5G spectrum in the 3.8 GHz band positions Rogers to expand its 5G services, benefiting not only urban areas but also rural and Indigenous communities across Canada. How do you foresee these technological advancements shaping the future of connectivity and innovation in Canada? Share your thoughts! 🌐💭 #5G #Technology #Innovation  #RogersCommunications

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5𝐆 𝐃𝐞𝐩𝐥𝐨𝐲𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭: 𝐅𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐍𝐒𝐀 𝐭𝐨 𝐒𝐀 If I had an LTE operator and wanted to launch 5G, I would consider the 5G options and my resources. Most operators start with NSA 3X options, then 7X, and finally SA with option 2 ⚪️ Which are the main 5G deployment options ❔ In LTE, both RAN and CN had to use LTE standards. 5G gives more flexibility. For example, 4G RAN can be combined with 5G Core or 5G NR can be combined with 4G EPC. This gives rise to two broad deployment scenarios: 👉🏾𝑺𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒍𝒐𝒏𝒆 (𝑺𝑨): Uses only one radio access technology, either LTE radio or 5G NR. Both control and user planes go through the same RAN element. Deployment and network management is perhaps simpler for operators. Inter-RAT handover is needed for service continuity. Under SA, we have option 1 (EPC + 4G eNB), option 2 (5GC + 5G gNB), and option 5 (5GC + 4G ng-eNB). 👉🏾 𝑵𝒐𝒏-𝑺𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒍𝒐𝒏𝒆 (𝑵𝑺𝑨): Multiple radio access technologies are combined. Control plane goes through what's called the master node whereas data plane is split across the master node and a secondary node. There's tight interworking between 4G RAN and 5G NR. Under NSA, we have option 3 (EPC + 4G eNB master + 5G en-gNB secondary), option 4 (5GC + 5G gNB master + 4G ng-eNB secondary), and option 7 (5GC + 4g ng-eNB master + 5g gNB secondary). ⚪️ What are the differences across options 3, 3a and 3x ❔ In all three options, control plane is between EPC and eNB via S1-C interface, and eNB and gNB via X2-C interface. There's no direct signalling traffic between EPC and gNB. The differences are in how user plane traffic is routed. Below we describe downlink but it applies to uplink as well. -In option 3, user plane traffic is from EPC to eNB where PDCP sublayer splits the traffic so that some traffic is sent to gNB across the X2-U interface. -In option 3a, EPC has a direct S1-U interface to gNB. In this option EPC splits the traffic. -Option 3x is a hybrid: EPC splits the traffic for eNB and gNB, and/or gNB PDCP sublayer sends some traffic to eNB. For example, eMBB services use 5G NR whereas VoLTE uses LTE radio. gNB connected to EPC via S1-U is more specifically called en-gNB. It's part of E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC). The interface between en-gNB and eNB is also called Xx interface. Similar variations of routing user plane traffic involving 5G Core give rise to options 4a, 7a and 7x. Note: eLTE = 5G Core LTE = EPC Core #5Gdeployment #SA #NSA

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Dynamic Spectrum Sharing and Multi-RAT Spectrum Sharing Through O-RAN Architecture The challenge of limited spectrum availability complicates the transition from 5G to 6G. To address this challenge, simplifying spectrum migration is essential. The integration of Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) within the O-RAN ALLIANCE O-RAN architecture through the use of RIC and SMO offers a promising approach to managing spectrum efficiently as mobile networks evolve. By leveraging advanced RIC AI/ML algorithms and comprehensive data analytics, O-RAN enables dynamic and intelligent spectrum sharing between 5G and 6G. ◼ Implementation of DSS in O-RAN O-RAN facilitates this through its RIC and SMO components. Steps to Implement DSS in O-RAN Step 1: Policy Development and Communication Non-RT RIC: Develops and updates long-term DSS policies based on broad and historical network data, traffic patterns, and predictions. Communication: These policies are communicated to Near-RT RIC via the A1 interface. Step 2: Real-Time Decision Making Near-RT RIC: Receives policies and translates them into actionable, real-time decisions using xApps (applications running in the RIC). It handles the immediate adaptation of spectrum allocation between for example 4G and 5G networks. Step 3: Configuration and Enforcement RAN via E2 interface: Implements the DSS decisions to configure network elements for dynamic spectrum sharing, ensuring efficient resource utilization and optimal service delivery. Integration with SMO SMO Role: Manages overall orchestration and lifecycle management of network functions and service capabilities. It also plays a crucial role in gathering and disseminating data across RICs and network elements. ◼ Training Dataset and Data Collection in SMO/RIC Accurate and comprehensive datasets are essential for training the AI/ML models deployed within the RIC to predict traffic patterns, manage resources, and make informed DSS decisions. The effectiveness of DSS heavily relies on the quality and comprehensiveness of these datasets. Data Collection in SMO/RIC Non-RT RIC Long-Term Data Collection: Aggregates extensive historical network performance data, user mobility patterns, and service usage statistics. Data Sources: Includes external databases, network logs, and telemetry from various network elements interfaced through the O1 and O2 protocols. Near-RT RIC Real-Time Data Collection: Focuses on real-time network states, quality metrics like SINR, throughput levels, and user equipment reports. Dynamic Adaptation: Utilizes this real-time data to adapt and optimize the spectrum sharing dynamically, supporting the continuous tuning of DSS policies. DSS and MRSS capabilities will be essential for the deployment of 5G and beyond, as it ensures that existing services are not disrupted while new services are rolled out. #SpectrumEngineering #ORAN #OpenRAN #SpectrumSharing #DynamicSpectrumSharing #MultiRATSpectrumSharing #6G #SMO #RIC #SpectrumEfficiency

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🚀 **Exciting News from Rogers Communications!** 🇨🇦 On Canada Day, Rogers and Ericsson successfully trialed **5G Cloud-RAN technology** at a nearly sold-out Toronto Blue Jays game! This marks the first commercial deployment of this cutting-edge technology at a live event in Canada. 🎉 Expanding upon Rogers' national standalone 5G core network, this innovative cloud-native technology can accelerate market responsiveness and enhance energy efficiency. As cloud-native tech becomes more ubiquitous, what features would you like to see in next-generation networks? 🌐📶 #Rogers5G #Ericsson #CanadaDay #CloudNative #TorontoBlueJays

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🚀 Unlocking the potential of FTTH networks: Addressing key business challenges. In the dynamic landscape of fibre network deployment, decision-making hurdles and sluggish rollout times can impede progress. Our article delves deep into the pain points faced by stakeholders and unveils a transformative solution: High-Level Design (HLD). Learn how HLD streamlines decision-making processes, accelerates network rollout, and optimises cost-efficiency. Discover real-world case studies showcasing Setics' impact in revolutionising FTTH network planning. Read the article now to supercharge your network strategy! #FTTH #HighLevelDesign #NetworkPlanning #SeticsSttar Lit Fibre Setics Sttar

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In today's telecommunications landscape, Open RAN (Radio Access Network) deployment options are pivotal for operators seeking to modernize their networks while ensuring scalability, cost-efficiency, and vendor diversity. As a telecom engineer, understanding these deployment options is essential for navigating the evolving network requirements and leveraging Open RAN's full potential. Here’s a technical breakdown of the main Open RAN deployment strategies: 🔵 1. Cloud-Based Deployments Open RAN's architecture allows for different deployment models, with cloud-based options being increasingly popular due to their scalability and flexibility. There are two primary cloud deployment methods: - Public Cloud: This involves leveraging cloud services from third-party providers to host RAN functions. It offers high scalability and reduced capital expenditure but raises concerns about security and data sovereignty. - Private Cloud: For operators prioritizing control and security, private clouds offer a dedicated environment to host RAN functions. This approach is particularly advantageous for meeting strict regulatory requirements and handling sensitive data. 🔵 2. Hybrid Cloud Deployments Hybrid cloud deployments combine on-premises infrastructure with cloud services, offering a balance between control and flexibility. This model is ideal for operators looking to optimize network performance and cost without fully committing to a public cloud infrastructure. It allows for dynamic resource allocation based on demand, enhancing the efficiency of network operations. 🔵 3. Centralized vs. Distributed RAN The choice between centralized and distributed RAN architectures depends on specific network demands and geographic considerations: - Centralized RAN consolidates base-band units in a central location, reducing deployment costs and simplifying maintenance. This setup is suited for urban areas with high-density network demands. - Distributed RAN: places base-band units closer to the radio units, which can be beneficial for coverage and latency, particularly in rural or geographically dispersed areas. 🔵 4. Virtualized RAN (vRAN) Virtualization is a cornerstone of Open RAN, separating hardware from software functionalities. vRAN utilizes standard server hardware to run network functions as software, offering enhanced flexibility and faster deployment of new services. This approach supports the network slicing feature crucial for 5G applications, allowing operators to dedicate portions of their networks to specific services or customers. 🔵 5. Integration with Existing Networks Open RAN can be integrated with legacy networks, offering a cost-effective, gradual transition. This allows operators to benefit from Open RAN while maintaining existing network reliability. ⭕ Enroll into "From Mobile to core Network" Course to learn the RAN deployment options. 📩 #Open_RAN #telecommunications #My_communication #Networks

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The global telecommunications landscape is at a crossroads. Traditional radio access networks (RAN) are costly and slow to innovate, but Open RAN offers a game-changing opportunity by embracing modularity and a next-generation approach with automation, flexibility, and better performance. Canada has the potential to lead this revolution, generating billions for our economy and boosting connectivity nationwide. In a new op-ed, Nazim Benhadid, Chief Technology Officer from TELUS shows how this can be done: https://lnkd.in/gG_FmmGW

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How Will Rogers' 5G Cloud-RAN Milestone Shape Canada's Connectivity Future? 🔍 Rogers Communications recently achieved a significant milestone by conducting a successful trial of 5G cloud-radio access network (cloud RAN) technology in collaboration with Ericsson during a live Toronto Blue Jays game on Canada Day. This trial marked the first deployment of cloud RAN over a commercial network at a live event in Canada, highlighting the company's dedication to advancing 5G technology. With this new technology, Rogers aims to enhance network reliability, resiliency, and energy efficiency, ultimately delivering more consistent and reliable network services across the country for both consumers and enterprise customers. The acquisition of nationwide 5G spectrum in the 3.8 GHz band positions Rogers to expand its 5G services, benefiting not only urban areas but also rural and Indigenous communities across Canada. How do you foresee these technological advancements shaping the future of connectivity and innovation in Canada? Share your thoughts! 🌐💭 #5G #Technology #Innovation  #RogersCommunications

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🚀 **Exciting News from Rogers Communications!** 🇨🇦 On Canada Day, Rogers and Ericsson successfully trialed **5G Cloud-RAN technology** at a nearly sold-out Toronto Blue Jays game! This marks the first commercial deployment of this cutting-edge technology at a live event in Canada. 🎉 Expanding upon Rogers' national standalone 5G core network, this innovative cloud-native technology can accelerate market responsiveness and enhance energy efficiency. As cloud-native tech becomes more ubiquitous, what features would you like to see in next-generation networks? 🌐📶 #Rogers5G #Ericsson #CanadaDay #CloudNative #TorontoBlueJays

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𝐔𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐎𝐩𝐞𝐧 𝐑𝐀𝐍: 𝐑𝐞𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐳𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐌𝐨𝐛𝐢𝐥𝐞 𝐍𝐞𝐭𝐰𝐨𝐫𝐤𝐬 Open Radio Access Network (Open RAN) is a transformative concept in mobile communications, aimed at creating a more flexible, interoperable, and cost-efficient RAN architecture. By disaggregating traditional RAN components and embracing open standards, Open RAN enables network operators to mix and match components from different vendors. 𝐊𝐞𝐲 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐨𝐧𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐎𝐩𝐞𝐧 𝐑𝐀𝐍 Radio Unit (O-RU) The Radio Unit is responsible for handling the radio frequency (RF) functions of the RAN. It includes elements like the antenna and the transceiver, which facilitate communication between the mobile devices and the network. In an Open RAN architecture, the RU is designed to be interoperable with different vendors' Distributed Units (DU) and Centralized Units (CU). Distributed Unit (O-DU) The Distributed Unit manages the real-time processing tasks required for radio communication. This includes tasks like encoding, scheduling, and resource allocation. By placing the DU closer to the RU, often at the edge of the network, latency is minimized, improving the performance of applications requiring real-time communication, such as gaming and virtual reality. Centralized Unit (O-CU) The Centralized Unit handles higher-layer protocols and non-real-time functions. These include tasks such as mobility management, session management, and overall control of the data flow. The CU can be located centrally, managing multiple DUs and RUs, leading to more efficient resource utilization. Near-Real-Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) The Near-RT RIC is a critical component for enhancing the performance and efficiency of the RAN through real-time analytics and control. Operating with a latency of less than one second, it enables dynamic radio resource management, interference mitigation, and load balancing. This allows the network to adapt quickly to changing conditions, ensuring optimal performance. Non-Real-Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) The Non-RT RIC focuses on longer-term data analytics and policy-based control to improve the overall efficiency and performance of the RAN. It works on timescales beyond one second and is responsible for tasks such as machine learning model training, policy management, and performance optimization. Insights from the Non-RT RIC are used to inform the Near-RT RIC, creating a feedback loop that enhances the network's adaptability and intelligence. Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) The SMO platform oversees the end-to-end management and orchestration of the RAN and its associated services. It ensures that all components, including the RU, DU, CU, and RICs, work harmoniously. The SMO is crucial for automated network operations, resource allocation, and service delivery, facilitating the deployment of new services and the scaling of network resources. For more content like this, Please follow Sanjay Kumar ↗️ & TelcoLearn

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5G White Paper! 📝 Neutral Host Opportunities for 5G & Beyond! This report provides extensive analysis of the potential that NHNs offer in helping network operators meet the growing demand for better connectivity and coverage! ⤵️ Neutral Host Networks (NHN) are shared wireless communication infrastructure that allow multiple network providers to offer connectivity and coverage. NHNs support various levels of infrastructure sharing, including distributed antenna systems (DAS), shared radios, and basebands. Successfully navigating this market requires selecting the right technology and ensuring clear economic logic for all supply chain participants. Key sections of the 5G Americas white paper include: 📶 Opportunities and Benefits of NHNs: NHNs can offer improved connectivity, coverage, favourable economics and management overhead. Significant benefits may include enhanced service quality and new revenue opportunities driven by the growth of private networks, the availability of shared spectrum, and innovative partnership models. 📶 Market Size, Growth, and Trends: According to some analysts, the global neutral hosting market may reach $8.7 billion by 2028, driven by surging indoor data traffic and the growing adoption of private networks, particularly in sectors such as manufacturing, education, healthcare, and retail. 📶 Network Sharing Architectures and Technological Innovations: examination of three primary NHN architecture models, including Site Sharing, Shared Radio, and Shared RAN, as well as enabling technologies, such Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS), small cells, repeaters, Open RAN, virtualization, cloudification, private networks, and network slicing. 📶 Economic and Regulatory Challenges: headwinds include declining DAS equipment sales, security risks, energy costs, and regulatory barriers. Future-Ready for 6G: potential new applications, spectrum requirements, and technological advancements will shape the future of NHNs. 🗣 “The neutral host wireless infrastructure model can be a highly effective business strategy that offers mutual benefits to all parties involved. It can allow for the expansion of network coverage and capacity with improved economics for all key stakeholders,” stated work group co-leader Colin Bowdery, Chief Architect of Indoor 5G, Ericsson. 🗣 "Neutral host networks represent a significant opportunity for the telecommunications industry. By leveraging shared infrastructure, NHNs can deliver superior connectivity and coverage, driving economic growth and technological innovation,” said work group co-leader Kyle Allen, Vice President of Sales Engineering Americas, Airspan. Networks Inc. ⤵️ Read the report below for more 5G facts! ⤵️ #5G #5GNR #6G #RAN #OpenRAN #MobileNetworks #4G #LTE #IoT #Telecoms

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In the ever-evolving realm of telecommunications, driven by the transformative force of 5G technology, the pivotal role of antennas in maximizing network impact cannot be overstated. 📊 The exponential growth of data traffic and the emergence of demanding new applications underscore the critical importance of factors such as uplink throughput, performance, and overall efficiency. North America has long been at the forefront of embracing cutting-edge technology, and the advent of 5G is no exception. The region set a global precedent in 2023 by leading the world in 5G subscription penetration, with an estimated 61 percent of the population totaling 260 million subscriptions. 📈 Looking ahead, it’s expected to surge to approximately 430 million by 2029, encompassing 92 percent of mobile subscriptions. As a supplier, Ericsson is committed to sustainability, achieving up to 49 percent embodied carbon reduction with their new antenna platform, and their North American factory has already exceeded its CO2 reduction target. 🌱 How do you see antennas shaping the future of 5G in North America? Let's discuss! #5G #Innovation #Telecom #Technology #Antenna #Sustainability

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🚀 Webcast alert: Overcoming cost and time challenges in FTTH deployments 🚀 As gigabit connectivity targets approach, deploying full-fibre or FTTH networks is accelerating—but not without significant cost and time constraints. 🌍 In Europe alone, FTTH coverage has surpassed 60%, but the push to connect rural and protected areas is presenting new hurdles. From complex last-mile connections to regulatory and logistical challenges, how can network operators stay ahead? Join our upcoming webinar to discover how advanced cabling solutions like Prysmian's SiroccoHD and SiroccoExtreme microduct cables are transforming last-mile deployments. These innovations are designed to maximise efficiency and minimise costs—helping you overcome deployment barriers, even in the most challenging environments. 🎯 Who should attend? - C-suite executives and decision-makers in network operations and ISPs - Fibre engineers and project managers working on FTTH networks - Investors focused on telecom infrastructure 🎙 Featured speakers: - Ian Griffiths, Global R&D VP, Prysmian Digital Solutions - Kris Roberts, Global Product Development Manager – Connectivity, Prysmian Group Don’t miss out on strategies that can help you meet tight deadlines while keeping costs in check. Secure your spot today! Registration link in the comments. #FTTH #FiberOptic #GigabitConnectivity #Telecom #Webcast #LastMileChallenges

Initial Open RAN rollouts were focused on greenfield sites, but the major opportunity lies with its use in existing brownfield sites. ‣ Explore the topic with TELUS, Appledore Research and Wind River in our on-demand panel discussion, “Brownfield Open RAN deployment strategies”, part of our Open RAN Summit: https://lnkd.in/eMNs5GcE Featuring: ✓ Randy Cox, VP Product Management, Wind River ✓ Robert Curran, Consulting Analyst, Appledore Research ✓ Sushil Rawat, Director of RAN Strategy, Telus Among the questions asked were: ◦ How are telcos approaching their deployment strategies in terms of geographies and network topologies? ◦ What trends are we starting to see in the vendor mix for Open RAN deployments? ◦ Are the same disrupter companies that kick-started Open RAN now receiving commercial contracts or are they losing out to incumbents? ◦ Are multivendor scenarios proving a realistic alternative to single lead-vendor relationships? #DSPLeaders #OpenRAN #RAN #NetworkStrategy #Telecom

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Initial Open RAN rollouts were focused on greenfield sites, but the major opportunity lies with its use in existing brownfield sites. ‣ Explore the topic with TELUS, Appledore Research and Wind River in our on-demand panel discussion, “Brownfield Open RAN deployment strategies”, part of our Open RAN Summit: https://lnkd.in/eMNs5GcE Featuring: ✓ Randy Cox, VP Product Management, Wind River ✓ Robert Curran, Consulting Analyst, Appledore Research ✓ Sushil Rawat, Director of RAN Strategy, Telus Among the questions asked were: ◦ How are telcos approaching their deployment strategies in terms of geographies and network topologies? ◦ What trends are we starting to see in the vendor mix for Open RAN deployments? ◦ Are the same disrupter companies that kick-started Open RAN now receiving commercial contracts or are they losing out to incumbents? ◦ Are multivendor scenarios proving a realistic alternative to single lead-vendor relationships? #DSPLeaders #OpenRAN #RAN #NetworkStrategy #Telecom

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**🚀 DWDM Troubleshooting Tips for Telecom and Network Engineers 🚀** In a DWDM system, troubleshooting can be daunting. But don't fret! Here's a handy guide to help you diagnose and fix those pesky issues: 1️⃣ **Perform a Loopback Test:** Use an optical attenuator to loopback devices to avoid port damage from high power. You can also use software loopbacks via the NMS. 2️⃣ **Reset the Line Cards:** You can reset cards in two ways: * Warm reset (no impact on service) * Cold reset (service impact) Reset via NMS, physically removing and re-inserting the card, or using the reset button on the control board. 3️⃣ **Check Alarm History:** * History alarms (alarms previously detected, logged, and cleared) * Current alarms (still active, awaiting resolution) 4️⃣ **Review Performance Monitoring Logs:** Check metrics like bit errors, availability, power levels, OSNR, etc., on line cards or the optical transport manager. 5️⃣ **Use an OTDR:** Determine attenuation, calculate power, and identify events. 6️⃣ **Employ a Spectrum Analyzer and Power Meter:** Analyze optical power and wavelengths. 7️⃣ **Inspect Line Card LEDs:** Cards have LEDs that indicate line card hardware status, service status, software status, and more. 8️⃣ **Physically Examine Fiber:** Check fiber patch cables, attenuation levels, connectors, splice points, SFP modules, and more. 🌟 Remember, troubleshooting is a skill that improves with practice! 🌟 **#DWDM #Troubleshooting #OpticalTransportNetwork #NetworkEngineering #FiberOptics** Got any other troubleshooting tips? Share them below! 👇

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Ericsson and the feds are putting $634M into R&D, including their Kanata facility! 💵 Funds will be split between their Kanata & Montreal facilities. 📡 Part of the work will develop quantum communications, AI-powered network management, and next-gen mobile networks. 🌐 CEO says the next step in network technology is to make networks "programmable." This bold commitment will bring hundreds of new jobs, upskilling local talent, and further boosting Kanata North as a recognized #GlobalTechHub. 📍 Currently Ericsson employs ~1,700 people in Ottawa. 🌎 The 270,000sq. ft site in Kanata is their largest R&D facility in North America. 🔍 Ericsson opened its first Canadian 5G Drone lab in Ottawa earlier this year with Carleton University. This latest investment is meant to put Canada at the "forefront of global development in next-generation communications technologies." With expanded research in 5G Advanced, 6G, Cloud RAN, and quantum technologies, Ericsson’s commitment will help drive the tech advancements shaping our future! ✨ Read more: 🔗 https://lnkd.in/ezBXMRpF 🔗 https://lnkd.in/er-WPJ3V Börje Ekholm Jeanette Irekvist Kelly Daize François-Philippe Champagne Jenna Sudds Invest Ottawa Hannah Manierka

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