I’m really excited about the new data on adult skills from the OECD - OCDE PIAAC study released earlier today! A 🧵 thread of some early observations…
PIAAC measures three main skill sets: literacy, numeracy and problem solving of adults 16-65. This is the second cycle and Canada (all 10 provinces) participated alongside 30 other OECD countries.
1. Canadians are comparatively strong performers: above the OECD average in all three domains. All 10 provinces are above average in literacy, 8 out of 10 above OECD average in numeracy and 9 out of 10 above in problem solving.
2. In literacy, nearly all countries performed less well than 10 years ago, but Canada’s decline was smaller than most. Some work to do to figure out why the slip in so many countries. The OECD Education podcast offers some early thoughts.
3. In numeracy, many countries performed better than 10 years ago and Canada’s improvement was among the stronger ones. Good news given the strong correlations between numeracy and labour market outcomes.
4. There is also a smaller gap in Canada between our highest and lowest performers, and while we haven’t seen an increase in the proportion of high performers, the same is true among low performers, which other countries did see.
5. There is an important story about immigration and skills. Canada had the sixth highest change in the share of our population from immigration (on par with a few others). The performance in literacy of our immigrant-born population has not changed much since the last cycle of PIAAC in 2012, so that increase in share didn’t diminish literacy skills. While the gap in literacy proficiency between non-immigrant and immigrant populations widened significantly in some countries over the past ten years, it got slightly smaller in Canada. Canada is one of a handful of countries that saw the numeracy proficiency of its immigrant population improve. In fact, numeracy proficiency increased more strongly among migrants than among native-born adults in Canada.
6. There are areas of concern too, however, particularly around skills mismatch/overqualification where the OECD’s calculations suggest Canadians are taking about a 12% wage hit (on par with OECD average) due to overqualification. OECD estimates that 28% of Canadians are overqualified and 36% are overskilled for their jobs (25-65 year olds) compared to 23% and 26% across the OECD.
This data just came out today and there is more work to do to understand it better. There are important ageing factors that merit more consideration and study required to understand the connections between the top line figures and skills used at work.
Future Skills Centre - Centre des Compétences futures will be doing our own digging and collaborating with others to understand better what it all means, but a first takeaway is that Canadians are skilled and we can and should keep trying to do better.